Python 遍历嵌套字典

Question

首先，这里是问题和编写的代码:

def family_lineage(familytree, lineage):
    '''(dict, list of strs) -> boolean
    Return True if lineage specifies a list of names who are directly related
    in a chain of parent-child relationships, and NOT child-parent, parent-grandchild..etc,
    beginning from the first generation listed.

    >>> trace_lineage({'Gina': {'Sam': {'Tina': {}},
                           'Li': {}},
                   'Guy': {}},
                      ['Gina'])
    True

    >>> trace_lineage({'Gina': {'Sam': {'Tina': {}},
                               'Li': {}},
                       'Guy': {}},
                      ['Gina', 'Sam', 'Tina'])
    True
    >>> trace_lineage({'Gina': {'Sam': {'Tina': {}},
                               'Li': {}},
                       'Guy': {}},
                      ['Gina', 'Tina'])
    False
    '''

因此，在上面的示例中，它显示“Guy”没有 child ，而“Gina”有两个 child ，“Sam”和“Li”。 “山姆”有一个 child ，“蒂娜”。

for k, v in familytree.items():
    for n, m in v.items():
        if lineage[0] == any(k) and len(lineage) == 1:
            return True
        elif lineage[0] == k and lineage[1] == n and len(lineage) ==2:
            return True
        elif lineage[0] == k and lineage[1] == n and lineage[2] == m and \
        len(lineage) == 3:
            return True
        else:
            return False

所以，我的问题是，如果家谱超过三代，我该怎么写？有没有更简洁的方式来编写这段代码？

Answer 1

这是一种迭代方法，即使 lineage 不是从家谱树的顶部开始也是有效的:

def family_lineage(familytree, lineage):
    trees = [familytree]
    while trees:
        tree = trees.pop()
        trees.extend(t for t in tree.values() if t)
        for name in lineage:
            if name not in tree:
                break
            tree = tree[name]
        else:
            return True
    return False