python - Django 和 python-docx

Question

我正在尝试通过 python-docx 创建 docx 文件和 Django。

直接使用 python 运行示例脚本 (example-makedocument.py) 即可。又名“工作副本”。它按预期生成示例 docx 文件。

然后我尝试将 example-makedocument.py 代码移动到 Django View 中。这篇文章底部的代码是该 View 的代码。您会看到我预先做了一些细微的修改，但总体上没有变化。

运行此 View 时，我收到有关无法找到图像文件的错误。

[Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'image1.png'

我有:

• 确保文件夹/文件结构与工作副本相同(需要其子文件夹才能正常工作)
• 我已尝试将 docx.py template_dir 硬编码到保存文件夹/文件的位置(我已检查这些结果是否指向与工作副本相同的最终路径)<
• 我已从示例中删除了图像，但这会导致错误赋值前引用的局部变量“contenttypes”

我认为这与路径有关，但我不确定为什么/如何？有人可以帮忙吗？

完整的 python-docx 代码可用 here .

我的看法:

from myapp.libs.docx.docx import *
# ** commented out below line, replaced with above **
#from docx import *

def export_docx(request):

# ** commented out below line **
#if __name__ == '__main__':
    # Default set of relationshipships - the minimum components of a document
    relationships = relationshiplist()

    # Make a new document tree - this is the main part of a Word document
    document = newdocument()

    # This xpath location is where most interesting content lives
    body = document.xpath('/w:document/w:body', namespaces=nsprefixes)[0]

    # Append two headings and a paragraph
    body.append(heading("Welcome to Python's docx module", 1))
    body.append(heading('Make and edit docx in 200 lines of pure Python', 2))
    body.append(paragraph('The module was created when I was looking for a '
        'Python support for MS Word .doc files on PyPI and Stackoverflow. '
        'Unfortunately, the only solutions I could find used:'))

    # Add a numbered list
    points = [ 'COM automation'
             , '.net or Java'
             , 'Automating OpenOffice or MS Office'
             ]
    for point in points:
        body.append(paragraph(point, style='ListNumber'))
    body.append(paragraph('For those of us who prefer something simpler, I '
                          'made docx.'))
    body.append(heading('Making documents', 2))
    body.append(paragraph('The docx module has the following features:'))

    # Add some bullets
    points = ['Paragraphs', 'Bullets', 'Numbered lists',
              'Multiple levels of headings', 'Tables', 'Document Properties']
    for point in points:
        body.append(paragraph(point, style='ListBullet'))

    body.append(paragraph('Tables are just lists of lists, like this:'))
    # Append a table
    tbl_rows = [ ['A1', 'A2', 'A3']
               , ['B1', 'B2', 'B3']
               , ['C1', 'C2', 'C3']
               ]
    body.append(table(tbl_rows))

    body.append(heading('Editing documents', 2))
    body.append(paragraph('Thanks to the awesomeness of the lxml module, '
                          'we can:'))
    points = [ 'Search and replace'
             , 'Extract plain text of document'
             , 'Add and delete items anywhere within the document'
             ]
    for point in points:
        body.append(paragraph(point, style='ListBullet'))

    # Add an image
    relationships, picpara = picture(relationships, 'image1.png',
                                     'This is a test description')
    body.append(picpara)

    # Search and replace
    print 'Searching for something in a paragraph ...',
    if search(body, 'the awesomeness'):
        print 'found it!'
    else:
        print 'nope.'

    print 'Searching for something in a heading ...',
    if search(body, '200 lines'):
        print 'found it!'
    else:
        print 'nope.'

    print 'Replacing ...',
    body = replace(body, 'the awesomeness', 'the goshdarned awesomeness')
    print 'done.'

    # Add a pagebreak
    body.append(pagebreak(type='page', orient='portrait'))

    body.append(heading('Ideas? Questions? Want to contribute?', 2))
    body.append(paragraph('Email <<a href="https://stackoverflow.com/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="9dede4e9f5f2f3b3f9f2fee5ddf1f4ffeff8f1f4eee9b3fef2f0" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">[email protected]</a>>'))

    # Create our properties, contenttypes, and other support files
    title    = 'Python docx demo'
    subject  = 'A practical example of making docx from Python'
    creator  = 'Mike MacCana'
    keywords = ['python', 'Office Open XML', 'Word']

    coreprops = coreproperties(title=title, subject=subject, creator=creator,
                               keywords=keywords)
    appprops = appproperties()
    contenttypes = contenttypes()
    websettings = websettings()
    wordrelationships = wordrelationships(relationships)

    # Save our document
    savedocx(document, coreprops, appprops, contenttypes, websettings,
             wordrelationships, 'Welcome to the Python docx module.docx')

========

已更新。下面提供了我找到的解决方案的详细信息。

docx.py 代码假设路径与实际不同。这导致 image1.png 文件“丢失”。完成以下步骤为我解决了这个问题。

1. 编辑 docx.py 文件并添加变量:

   docx_dir = '/path/to/docx/folder'

2. 编辑以下行 (docx.py) 以使用上述变量(显示的大约行号，与原始源略有不同)

   1. shutil.copyfile(join(docx_dir, picname), join(media_dir, picname))
   2. 像素宽度，像素高度 = Image.open(join(docx_dir, picname)).size[0:2]

3. 以上解决了路径问题。但现在我遇到了错误分配之前引用的局部变量'contenttypes'。我发现错误的解决不是通过任何与路径有关的问题，而是通过重复的名称(我不完全理解为什么仍然如此)。

注意:下面的代码位于我的 View 中，或者...如果与原始源进行比较，则其位于 example-makedocument.py

之前:

contenttypes = contenttypes()
websettings = websettings()
wordrelationships = wordrelationships(relationships)

之后:

contentt = contenttypes()
webs = websettings()
wordr = wordrelationships(relationships)

# Save our document
savedocx(document, coreprops, appprops, contentt, webs,
         wordr, 'Welcome to the Python docx module.docx')

Answer 1

image1.png 必须位于正在运行的 Python 程序的当前目录中，或者作为正在运行的程序的当前目录的相对路径给出，或者不太可移植，但可能更容易制作工作，它可以作为绝对路径给出。

特别是，我认为您可能会发现这篇文章中给出的答案最有帮助:Python's working directory when running with WSGI and Apache (用于动态计算 image.png 的绝对路径。