python - 运行pygame代码，它显示 'Module ' pygame'没有 'init'成员'和白屏窗口

Question

我是学习Python的初学者，当我调试从书上复制的一系列代码时，我遇到了一个问题，我得到一个白色的屏幕窗口，而不是带有图案的窗口，这是代码:

import pygame, sys, random
import pygame.locals as GAME_GLOBALS
import pygame.event as GAME_EVENTS
pygame.init()
windowWidth = 640
windowHeight = 480
surface = pygame.display.set_mode((windowWidth, windowHeight))
pygame.display.set_caption('Pygame Shapes!')

while True:
    surface.fill((200, 0, 0))
    pygame.draw.rect(surface, (255, 0, 0), (random.randint(0, windowWidth), random.randint(0, windowHeight), 10, 10))

greenSquareX = windowWidth / 2
greenSquareY = windowHeight / 2

while True:
    surface.fill((0, 0, 0))
    pygame.draw.rect(surface, (0, 255, 0),
     (greenSquareX, greenSquareY, 10, 10))
    greenSquareX += 1
    # greenSquareY += 1
    pygame.draw.rect(surface, (0, 0, 255),
       (blueSquareX, blueSquareY, 10, 10))

    blueSquareX = 0.0
    blueSquareY = 0.0
    blueSquareVX = 1
    blueSquareVy = 1

while True:
    surface.fill((0, 0, 0))
    pygame.draw.rect(surface, (0, 0, 255),
       (blueSquareX, blueSquareY, 10, 10))
    blueSquareX += blueSquareVX
    blueSquareY += blueSquareVY
    blueSquareVX += 0.1
    blueSquareVY += 0.1

    for event in GAME_EVENTS.GET():
        if event.type == GAME_GLOBALS.QUIT:
            pygame.quit()
            sys.exit()
    pygame.dispaly.update()

我得到的第一个错误是:E1101:Module 'pygame' has no 'init' member'(4 ,1)。我之前用 pygame.init() 运行过其他 Python 代码，结果很好；但这次我得到一个白色的屏幕窗口。我的代码有什么问题吗？感谢您的帮助!!

Answer 1

这需要我大量的调试才能修复，哈哈。

首先，您不会在任何 while 循环中进行转义或更新。一旦代码进入第一个 while 循环，此后就不会再更新任何内容(pygame.display)，从而导致白屏综合症。

此外，请一致地命名变量并检查代码中的拼写错误。您创建了一个 blueSquareVy 变量，只是为了稍后尝试将其引用为 blueSquareVY，并且最后拼写错误了 pygame.display.update()的代码。大小写很重要——这只是一些拼写错误!

代码中也存在逻辑错误。在图形绘制到屏幕上之后，您不应该填充窗口表面。看看你的变量，你似乎希望小方 block 移动。您可以在 while 循环之外创建位置变量，就像您在循环内创建它们一样，它们会在循环的每次迭代中以其初始值重新创建。

带注释和错误修复的代码:

import pygame, sys, random
import pygame.locals as GAME_GLOBALS
import pygame.event as GAME_EVENTS
pygame.init()
windowWidth = 640
windowHeight = 480
surface = pygame.display.set_mode((windowWidth, windowHeight))
pygame.display.set_caption('Pygame Shapes!')

# Renamed variables to be consistent
# Moved variables out of the while loop
greenSquareX = windowWidth / 2
greenSquareY = windowHeight / 2
blueSquareX = 0.0
blueSquareY = 0.0
blueSquareVX = 1
blueSquareVY = 1

# Joined the two while loops into one
while True:
    surface.fill((200, 0, 0))
    pygame.draw.rect(surface, (255, 0, 0), (random.randint(0, windowWidth), random.randint(0, windowHeight), 10, 10))

    surface.fill((0, 0, 0))
    pygame.draw.rect(surface, (0, 255, 0),
     (greenSquareX, greenSquareY, 10, 10))
    greenSquareX += 1
    greenSquareY += 1

    pygame.draw.rect(surface, (0, 0, 255),
       (blueSquareX, blueSquareY, 10, 10))
    blueSquareX += blueSquareVX
    blueSquareY += blueSquareVY
    blueSquareVX += 0.1
    blueSquareVY += 0.1

    # Do not capitalize the .get() method for pygame.event class
    for event in GAME_EVENTS.get():
        if event.type == GAME_GLOBALS.QUIT:
            pygame.quit()
            sys.exit()

    # Misspelled pygame.display
    pygame.display.update()

希望这有帮助!