python - 防止轴和列标签在 matplotlib 中流出热图

Question

我正在尝试使用下面的数组绘制混淆矩阵。然而，当热图呈现时，列和轴标签从绘图 View 中流出，我无法弄清楚如何控制这种格式。似乎我需要一种方法来设置一些填充值。

import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sn

array = [
    [1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0],
    [0,7,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],
    [0,0,1,0,0,0,0,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],
    [0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1],
    [0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],
    [0,0,0,0,0,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,2,0,0],
    [0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],
    [0,1,0,1,0,0,0,6,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0],
    [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0],
    [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],
    [0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],
    [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],
    [0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,7,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0],
    [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],
    [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,4,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],
    [0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],
    [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,1,1,0,0,0,0],
    [1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,38,0,0,0,0,0],
    [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2,0,0,0,0,0,8,0,0,0,1],
    [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,3,0,0,0],
    [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,6,0,0],
    [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,0],
    [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,9]]

labels = ['chatbot',
    'business_passwordreset',
    'business_losthomework',
    'oos_generic',
    'frustration',
    'social_generic',
    'business_accesscode_selfstudy',
    'business_assignmentissues',
    'end_chat',
    'bye',
    'thanks',
    'business_accesscode_lost',
    'business_accesscode_redeem',
    'business_accesscode_notreceived',
    'business_accesscode_share',
    'business_accesscode_reuse',
    'business_editorial',
    'Contact_Request',
    'business_accesscode_error',
    'business_accesscode_refund',
    'hello',
    'business_accesscode_purchase',
    'business_accesscode_troubleshoot']


df_cm = pd.DataFrame(array, index=labels, columns=labels)
sn.heatmap(df_cm, annot=True, cmap='Blues')
plt.show()

渲染图:

其他一切看起来都很好，但如果能够阅读标签就好了!有人知道我错过了什么吗？

Answer 1

你的标签真的很长，所以我认为你最好的办法是创建一个大数字，然后使用 plt.tight_layout .如文档中所述:

This module provides routines to adjust subplot params so that subplots are nicely fit in the figure

# Create a large figure so your labels aren't too crowded
plt.figure(figsize=(13,7))
df_cm = pd.DataFrame(array, index=labels, columns=labels)
sn.heatmap(df_cm, annot=True, cmap='Blues')
plt.tight_layout()

plt.show()