更新：在Henk的帮助下，确定正在调用public Dispose（），而后者又调用了私有Dispose（true）。这是我第一次实现IDisposable接口，所以不确定它是否正确。我不会在任何地方明确呼叫Dispose。似乎WCF体系结构正在从每个OperationContract成员退出时调用它。
现在从Dispose中删除了非托管的清理代码，并且多个调用都可以访问静态数据。似乎在调用返回时，对所有本地分配的对象都调用了Dispose（），即使静态存储中有对对象的引用也是如此。在.net世界中不确定如何解决此问题，以便IDisposable接口将被正确调用。我猜这些对象在某些时候也会被垃圾收集。
这是调用Dispose时从第一次调用返回时的调用堆栈：
BossISeriesCwbxService.dll！BossISeriesCwbxServices.DataContracts.ISeriesSystem.Dispose（bool
bDisposed = true）第119行C＃
BossISeriesCwbxService.dll！BossISeriesCwbxServices.DataContracts.ISeriesSystem.Dispose（）
第107行+ 0xd字节C＃
System.ServiceModel.dll！System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.MessageRpc.DisposeParametersCore（）
+ 0x56字节System.ServiceModel.dll！System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.MessageRpc.DisposeParameters（）
+ 0xf字节System.ServiceModel.dll！System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ImmutableDispatchRuntime.ProcessMessageCleanup（ref
System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.MessageRpc
rpc =
{System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.MessageRpc}）
+ 0x135字节System.ServiceModel.dll！System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ImmutableDispatchRuntime.ProcessMessage5（ref
System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.MessageRpc
rpc =
{System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.MessageRpc}）
+ 0x1bf字节System.ServiceModel.dll！System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ImmutableDispatchRuntime.ProcessMessage4（ref
System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.MessageRpc
rpc）+ 0x80字节
System.ServiceModel.dll！System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ImmutableDispatchRuntime.ProcessMessage3（ref
System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.MessageRpc
rpc）+ 0x36字节
System.ServiceModel.dll！System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ImmutableDispatchRuntime.ProcessMessage2（ref
System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.MessageRpc
rpc）+ 0x43字节
System.ServiceModel.dll！System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ImmutableDispatchRuntime.ProcessMessage1（ref
System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.MessageRpc
rpc）+ 0xd7字节
System.ServiceModel.dll！System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.MessageRpc.Process（布尔
isOperationContextSet = false）+ 0x9b
个字节
System.ServiceModel.dll！System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ImmutableDispatchRuntime.Dispatch（ref
System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.MessageRpc
rpc，bool isOperationContextSet）+
0x2d字节
System.ServiceModel.dll！System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ChannelHandler.DispatchAndReleasePump（System.ServiceModel.Channels.RequestContext
请求=
{System.ServiceModel.Security.SecuritySessionServerSettings.SecuritySessionRequestContext}，
布尔cleanThread，
System.ServiceModel.OperationContext
currentOperationContext）+ 0x20c
个字节
System.ServiceModel.dll！System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ChannelHandler.HandleRequest（System.ServiceModel.Channels.RequestContext
请求，
System.ServiceModel.OperationContext
currentOperationContext）+ 0xdf字节
System.ServiceModel.dll！System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ChannelHandler.AsyncMessagePump（System.IAsyncResult
结果）+ 0x43字节
System.ServiceModel.dll！System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ChannelHandler.OnContinueAsyncReceive（对象
状态）+ 0x45字节
System.ServiceModel.dll！System.ServiceModel.Channels.IOThreadScheduler.CriticalHelper.WorkItem.Invoke2（）
+ 0x46字节System.ServiceModel.dll！System.ServiceModel.Channels.IOThreadScheduler.CriticalHelper.WorkItem.OnSecurityContextCallback（object
o）+ 0x28字节
mscorlib.dll！System.Security.SecurityContext.Run（System.Security.SecurityContext
securityContext，
System.Threading.ContextCallback
回调，对象状态）+ 0x55字节
System.ServiceModel.dll！System.ServiceModel.Channels.IOThreadScheduler.CriticalHelper.WorkItem.Invoke（）
+ 0x4d字节
System.ServiceModel.dll！System.ServiceModel.Channels.IOThreadScheduler.CriticalHelper.ProcessCallbacks（）
+ 0x180字节System.ServiceModel.dll！System.ServiceModel.Channels.IOThreadScheduler.CriticalHelper.CompletionCallback（对象
状态）+ 0x7a字节
System.ServiceModel.dll！System.ServiceModel.Channels.IOThreadScheduler.CriticalHelper.ScheduledOverlapped.IOCallback（uint
errorCode，uint numBytes，
System.Threading.NativeOverlapped *
nativeOverlapped）+ 0xf字节
SMDiagnostics.dll！System.ServiceModel.Diagnostics.Utility.IOCompletionThunk.UnhandledExceptionFrame（uint
错误，uint bytesRead，
System.Threading.NativeOverlapped *
nativeOverlapped）+ 0x3d字节
mscorlib.dll！System.Threading._IOCompletionCallback.PerformIOCompletionCallback（uint
errorCode，uint numBytes，
System.Threading.NativeOverlapped *
pOVERLAP）+ 0x54字节
我读了一些有关在WCF服务实现类中缓存静态数据的文章，并且GC调用在静态Dictionary中的对象上处置时遇到问题。我从IBM iSeries Access引用了一些activex对象，所以我实现了IDisposable接口来清理与iSeries的连接。我的问题是GC是在Service类的Static成员中处理对象。不确定是否需要所有代码，但是无论如何都在这里。问题是，从每个OperationContract方法返回时，GC会在添加到关联的Dictionary的ISeriesSystem或Queue对象上调用Dispose，但是ISeriesSystem Dictionary是静态的，因此我认为它持有对该对象的引用，因此只有将其从Dictionary中删除，GC才会完成。
服务接口：
[ServiceContract(Namespace="BossISeriesCwbxServices")]
public interface IDataQueueService
{
[OperationContract]
ISeriesSystem SystemInitialize(string sISeriesName);
[OperationContract(Name="FinalizeSystemByName")]
void SystemFinalize(string sISeriesName);
[OperationContract]
void SystemFinalize(ISeriesSystem oISeriesSystem);
[OperationContract]
Queue QueueInitialize(string sQueueName, string sLibrary, string sISeriesName);
[OperationContract(Name="FinalizeQueueByName")]
void QueueFinalize(string sQueueName, string sLibrary, string sISeriesName);
[OperationContract]
void QueueFinalize(Queue oDataQueue);
[OperationContract (Name="QueueWriteByName")]
void QueueWrite(string sQueueName, string sLibrary, string sISeriesName, string sMessage);
[OperationContract]
void QueueWrite(Queue oDataQueue, string sMessage);
[OperationContract (Name="QueueReadByName")]
string QueueRead(string sQueueName, string sLibrary, string sISeriesName);
[OperationContract]
string QueueRead(Queue oDataQueue);
}
服务实施：
[ServiceBehavior(InstanceContextMode = InstanceContextMode.Single, ConcurrencyMode = ConcurrencyMode.Single)]
public class DataQueueService : IDataQueueService
{
private static Dictionary<string, ISeriesSystem> mdictISeriesSystems = new Dictionary<string, ISeriesSystem>();
public static IDictionary<string, ISeriesSystem> ISeriesDict
{
get { return mdictISeriesSystems; }
}
public ISeriesSystem SystemInitialize(string sISeriesName)
{
ISeriesSystem oISeriesSystem = AddSystem(sISeriesName);
return oISeriesSystem;
}
public void SystemFinalize(string sISeriesName)
{
}
public void SystemFinalize(ISeriesSystem oISeriesSystem)
{
SystemFinalize(oISeriesSystem.Name);
}
public Queue QueueInitialize(string sQueueName, string sLibrary, string sISeriesName)
{
ISeriesSystem oISeriesSystem = null;
Queue oDataQueue = null;
try
{
oISeriesSystem = AddSystem(sISeriesName);
oDataQueue = oISeriesSystem.AddQueue(sQueueName, sLibrary);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
// ToDo: Log ex to WCF service log and remove from Console.
Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString());
oDataQueue = null;
}
return oDataQueue;
}
public Queue QueueInitialize(string sQueueName, string sLibrary, ISeriesSystem oISeriesSystem)
{
return QueueInitialize(sQueueName, sLibrary, oISeriesSystem.Name);
}
public void QueueFinalize(string sQueueName, string sLibrary, string sISeriesName)
{
string sISeriesKey = sISeriesName.Trim();
string sDataQueueKey = sLibrary.Trim() + sQueueName.Trim();
ISeriesSystem oISeriesSystem = null;
Queue oDataQueue = null;
if (DataQueueService.ISeriesDict.TryGetValue(sISeriesKey, out oISeriesSystem))
{
if (oISeriesSystem.DataQueueDict.TryGetValue(sDataQueueKey, out oDataQueue))
{
oDataQueue.Dispose();
oDataQueue = null;
oISeriesSystem.DataQueueDict.Remove(sDataQueueKey);
}
if (oISeriesSystem.DataQueueDict.Count == 0)
{
oISeriesSystem.Dispose();
oISeriesSystem = null;
}
}
}
public void QueueFinalize(Queue oDataQueue)
{
QueueFinalize(oDataQueue.Name, oDataQueue.Library, oDataQueue.ISeriesName);
}
public void QueueWrite(string sQueueName, string sLibrary, string sISeriesName, string sMessage)
{
string sISeriesKey = sISeriesName.Trim();
string sDataQueueKey = sLibrary.Trim() + sQueueName.Trim();
ISeriesSystem oISeriesSystem = null;
Queue oDataQueue = null;
if (DataQueueService.ISeriesDict.TryGetValue(sISeriesKey, out oISeriesSystem))
{
if (oISeriesSystem.DataQueueDict.TryGetValue(sDataQueueKey, out oDataQueue))
{
oDataQueue.Write(sMessage);
}
}
}
public void QueueWrite(Queue oDataQueue, string sMessage)
{
QueueWrite(oDataQueue.Name, oDataQueue.Library, oDataQueue.ISeriesName, sMessage);
}
public string QueueRead(string sQueueName, string sLibrary, string sISeriesName)
{
string sISeriesKey = sISeriesName.Trim();
string sDataQueueKey = sLibrary.Trim() + sQueueName.Trim();
ISeriesSystem oISeriesSystem = null;
Queue oDataQueue = null;
if (DataQueueService.ISeriesDict.TryGetValue(sISeriesKey, out oISeriesSystem))
{
if (oISeriesSystem.DataQueueDict.TryGetValue(sDataQueueKey, out oDataQueue))
{
return oDataQueue.Read();
}
}
return "";
}
public string QueueRead(Queue oDataQueue)
{
return QueueRead(oDataQueue.Name, oDataQueue.Library, oDataQueue.ISeriesName);
}
ISeriesSystem AddSystem(string sISeriesName)
{
ISeriesSystem oISeriesSystem = null;
string sISeriesKey = sISeriesName.Trim();
if (!DataQueueService.ISeriesDict.TryGetValue(sISeriesKey, out oISeriesSystem))
{
oISeriesSystem = new ISeriesSystem(sISeriesName);
DataQueueService.ISeriesDict[sISeriesKey] = oISeriesSystem;
}
return oISeriesSystem;
}
ISeriesSystem数据合同：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using cwbx;
namespace BossISeriesCwbxServices.DataContracts
{
public class ISeriesSystem : IDisposable
{
private string msName;
[DataMember]
public string Name
{
get { return msName; }
set { msName = value; }
}
private Dictionary<string, Queue> mdictDataQueues = new Dictionary<string, Queue>();
public IDictionary<string, Queue> DataQueueDict
{
get { return mdictDataQueues; }
}
private cwbx.AS400System mcwbxISeriesSystem = new AS400System();
private cwbx.AS400System CwbxISeriesSystem
{
get { return mcwbxISeriesSystem; }
set { mcwbxISeriesSystem = value; }
}
private bool bDisposed = false;
public ISeriesSystem()
{
}
public ISeriesSystem(string sISeriesName)
{
try
{
// Set DataContract properties.
this.Name = sISeriesName;
// Connect to iSeries, Logon and connect to iSeries services that may be used.
this.CwbxISeriesSystem.Define(sISeriesName);
this.CwbxISeriesSystem.UserID = "APP1DAK";
this.CwbxISeriesSystem.Password = "DONNA99";
this.CwbxISeriesSystem.Signon();
this.CwbxISeriesSystem.Connect(cwbcoServiceEnum.cwbcoServiceDataQueues);
this.CwbxISeriesSystem.Connect(cwbcoServiceEnum.cwbcoServiceSecurity);
this.CwbxISeriesSystem.Connect(cwbcoServiceEnum.cwbcoServiceRemoteCmd);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
// ToDo: Log ex to WCF service log and remove from Console.
Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString());
foreach (cwbx.Error cwbxError in this.CwbxISeriesSystem.Errors)
{
Console.WriteLine(cwbxError.Text);
Console.WriteLine(cwbxError.ToString());
}
}
}
~ISeriesSystem()
{
Dispose(false);
}
public void Dispose()
{
Dispose(true);
GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
}
private void Dispose(bool bDisposing)
{
// Only Dispose of the object 1 time.
if (!this.bDisposed)
{
// If disposing equals true, Dispose() was called by GC, so dispose all managed resources.
if (bDisposing)
{
// Dispose managed resources, calling object Dispose method for objects
// that implement IDisposable interface.
}
try
{
if (this.CwbxISeriesSystem.IsConnected(cwbcoServiceEnum.cwbcoServiceAny) == 1)
{
this.CwbxISeriesSystem.Disconnect(cwbcoServiceEnum.cwbcoServiceAll);
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
// ToDo: Log ex to WCF service log and remove from Console.
Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString());
foreach (cwbx.Error cwbxError in this.CwbxISeriesSystem.Errors)
{
Console.WriteLine(cwbxError.Text);
Console.WriteLine(cwbxError.ToString());
}
}
// Mark disposing as being done.
bDisposed = true;
}
}
public Queue AddQueue(string sQueueName, string sLibrary)
{
Queue oDataQueue = null;
string sDataQueueKey = sLibrary.Trim() + sQueueName.Trim();
if (!this.DataQueueDict.TryGetValue(sDataQueueKey, out oDataQueue))
{
oDataQueue = new Queue(sQueueName, sLibrary, this.CwbxISeriesSystem);
this.DataQueueDict[sDataQueueKey] = oDataQueue;
}
return oDataQueue;
}
}
}
队列数据合同：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using cwbx;
namespace BossISeriesCwbxServices.DataContracts
{
[DataContract]
public class Queue : IDisposable
{
private string msName;
[DataMember]
public string Name
{
get { return msName; }
set { msName = value; }
}
private string msLibrary;
[DataMember]
public string Library
{
get { return msLibrary; }
set { msLibrary = value; }
}
private string msISeriesName;
[DataMember]
public string ISeriesName
{
get { return msISeriesName; }
set { msISeriesName = value; }
}
private short miWaitTime = 10;
[DataMember]
public short WaitTime
{
get { return miWaitTime; }
set { miWaitTime = value; }
}
private short miNumberOfAttempts = 1;
[DataMember]
public short NumberOfAttempts
{
get { return miNumberOfAttempts; }
set { miNumberOfAttempts = value; }
}
private short miMaxQueueIndex = 1;
public short MaxQueueIndex
{
get { return miMaxQueueIndex; }
set { miMaxQueueIndex = value; }
}
private short miCurrentQueueIndex = 1;
public short CurrentQueueIndex
{
get { return miCurrentQueueIndex; }
set { miCurrentQueueIndex = value; }
}
private cwbx.DataQueue mcwbxDataQueue = new cwbx.DataQueue();
private cwbx.DataQueue CwbxDataQueue
{
get { return mcwbxDataQueue; }
set { mcwbxDataQueue = value; }
}
private bool bDisposed = false;
public Queue()
{
}
public Queue(string sQueueName, string sLibrary, cwbx.AS400System cwbxISeriesSystem)
{
this.Name = sQueueName;
this.Library = sLibrary;
this.ISeriesName = cwbxISeriesSystem.SystemName;
this.CwbxDataQueue.QueueName = sQueueName;
this.CwbxDataQueue.LibraryName = sLibrary;
this.CwbxDataQueue.system = cwbxISeriesSystem;
}
~Queue()
{
Dispose(false);
}
public void Dispose()
{
Dispose(true);
GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
}
private void Dispose(bool bDisposing)
{
// Only Dispose of the object 1 time.
if (!this.bDisposed)
{
// If disposing equals true, Dispose() was called by GC, so dispose all managed resources.
if (bDisposing)
{
// Dispose managed resources, calling object Dispose method for objects
// that implement IDisposable interface.
}
// Call the appropriate methods to clean up unmanaged resources here.
try
{
this.CwbxDataQueue = null;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
// ToDo: Log ex to WCF service log and remove from Console.
Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString());
foreach (cwbx.Error cwbxError in this.CwbxDataQueue.Errors)
{
Console.WriteLine(cwbxError.Text);
Console.WriteLine(cwbxError.ToString());
}
}
// Mark disposing as being done.
bDisposed = true;
}
}
public void Write(string sMessage)
{
try
{
cwbx.StringConverter cwbxStringConverter = new cwbx.StringConverter();
Object oBytes = cwbxStringConverter.ToBytes(sMessage);
this.CwbxDataQueue.Write(oBytes, false);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
// ToDo: Log ex to WCF service log and remove from Console.
Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString());
foreach (cwbx.Error cwbxError in this.CwbxDataQueue.Errors)
{
Console.WriteLine(cwbxError.Text);
Console.WriteLine(cwbxError.ToString());
}
}
}
public string Read()
{
try
{
Object oObject = null;
return (new cwbx.StringConverter()).FromBytes(this.CwbxDataQueue.Read(this.WaitTime * this.NumberOfAttempts, out oObject));
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString());
foreach (cwbx.Error cwbxError in this.CwbxDataQueue.Errors)
{
Console.WriteLine(cwbxError.Text);
Console.WriteLine(cwbxError.ToString());
}
return "";
}
}
}
}
客户代码：
ISeriesSystem oISeriesSystem = null;
Queue oDataQueue = null;
oISeriesSystem = DQService.SystemInitialize("A2029D2.AS400.US.UPS.COM");
oDataQueue = DQService.QueueInitialize("SMTLST020", "IB5EXE", oISeriesSystem.Name);
oISeriesSystem.DataQueueDict.Add(oDataQueue.Library + oDataQueue.Name, oDataQueue);
ISeriesSystemDict.Add(oISeriesSystem.Name, oISeriesSystem);
DQService.QueueWrite(oDataQueue, "Testing cwbx.DataQueue WCF service");
string sMessage = DQService.QueueRead(oDataQueue);
Exe托管服务：
Uri baseAddress = new Uri("http://localhost:8080/BossISeriesCwbxServices");
//Instantiate new ServiceHost
moServiceHost = new ServiceHost(typeof(BossISeriesCwbxServices.DataQueueService), baseAddress);
// Add Endpoint
moServiceHost.AddServiceEndpoint(typeof(BossISeriesCwbxServices.IDataQueueService), new WSHttpBinding(), "IDataQueueService");
// Enable metadata exchange.
ServiceMetadataBehavior smb = new ServiceMetadataBehavior();
smb.HttpGetEnabled = true;
moServiceHost.Description.Behaviors.Add(smb);
//Open moServiceHost
moServiceHost.Open();
Console.WriteLine("The IDataQueueService is ready.");
Console.WriteLine("Press <ENTER> to terminate service.");
Console.WriteLine();
最佳答案
它是定期发生还是时不时发生？它是在开发中还是仅在生产服务器上（经过一段时间）发生？
当您将其托管在IIS下时，服务器可能会决定“回收”您的应用程序。基本建议：请勿在服务器应用中使用static。它不可靠且不可扩展。
编辑
好的，我读了更多（但不是全部）。
问题是，从
每个OperationContract方法，GC
正在调用“处置”
ISeriesSystem或Queue对象
您应该详细验证。真的是GC调用了终结器（也称为析构函数）吗？您应该使用日志记录或调试来验证是否正在调用重载Dispose（false）。如果调用了Dispose（true）（并且我看到执行此操作涉及的许多代码），则应跟踪到实际原因。
关于c# - 使用静态数据的WCF服务遇到问题，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3143609/