c++ - 为什么使用预编译头文件 (C/C++)？

Question

为什么要使用预编译头文件？

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阅读回复，我怀疑我对他们所做的事情有点愚蠢:

#pragma once

// Defines used for production versions

#ifndef PRODUCTION
#define eMsg(x) (x) // Show error messages
#define eAsciiMsg(x) (x)
#else
#define eMsg(x) (L"") // Don't show error messages
#define eAsciiMsg(x) ("")
#endif // PRODUCTION

#include "targetver.h"
#include "version.h"

// Enable "unsafe", but much faster string functions
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#define _SCL_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS

// Standard includes
#include <stdio.h>
#include <tchar.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <direct.h>
#include <cstring>
#ifdef _DEBUG
#include <cstdlib>
#endif

// Standard Template Library
#include <bitset>
#include <vector>
#include <list>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iterator>
#include <string>
#include <numeric>

// Boost libraries
#include <boost/algorithm/string.hpp>
#include <boost/lexical_cast.hpp>
#include <boost/scoped_array.hpp>

//Windows includes
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#include <windows.h>
#include "FILETIME_Comparisons.h"
#include <shlwapi.h>
#include <Shellapi.h>
#include <psapi.h>
#include <imagehlp.h>
#include <mscat.h>
#include <Softpub.h>
#include <sfc.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "wintrust.lib")
#pragma comment(lib,"kernel32.lib")
#pragma comment(lib,"Psapi.lib")
#pragma comment(lib,"shlwapi.lib")
#pragma comment(lib,"imagehlp.lib")
#pragma comment(lib,"Advapi32.lib")
#pragma comment(lib,"Shell32.lib")
#pragma comment(lib,"Sfc.lib")
#pragma comment(lib,"Version.lib")

// Crypto ++ libraries
#ifdef _DEBUG
#pragma comment(lib,"cryptlibd.lib")
#else
#pragma comment(lib,"cryptlib.lib")
#endif
#define CRYPTOPP_ENABLE_NAMESPACE_WEAK 1
#include <md5.h>
#include <sha.h>

// String libraries
#include "stringUnicodeConversions.h"
#include "expandEnvStrings.h"
#include "randomString.h"
#include "getShortPathName.h"

// Regular Expression Libraries
#include "fpattern.h"

// File Result Record
#include "unixTimeToFileTime.h"
#include "fileData.h"

// Writer
#include "writeFileData.h"

// Criteria Structure System
#include "priorities.h"
#include "criterion.H"
#include "OPSTRUCT.H"
#include "regexClass.H"
#include "FILTER.h"

// Sub Programs Root Class
#include "subProgramClass.h"

// Global data
#include "globalOptions.h"

// Logger
#include "logger.h"

// Console parser
#include "consoleParser.h"

// Timeout handler
#include "timeoutThread.h"

// Zip library
#include "zip.h"
#include "unzip.h"
#include "zipIt.h"

// Scanner
#include "mainScanner.h"
#include "filesScanner.h"

// Sub Programs
#include "volumeEnumerate.h"
#include "clsidCompressor.h"
#include "times.h"
#include "exec.h"
#include "uZip.h"

// 64 bit support
#include "disable64.h"

Answer 1

在 C/C++ 中，#include 机制是指定到当前文件的文件的文本拷贝。 header 包括其他 header (其中还包括其他 header )，因此当您执行 #include 时，可能会在每个 cpp 文件(或 cxx、c 等)中添加数万行 C++ ，每次都需要编译。对于大型项目来说，这可能是一个严重的瓶颈。

预编译的头文件通过将每个头文件编译一次，然后将编译后的状态包含到它们所在的 cpp 中来加快速度。