c# - Asp.net 核心 - 没有这样的表 : AspNetUsers

Question

所以我正在尝试为我的 asp.net 核心应用程序实现用户登录。我正在关注微软教程 here .我有两个上下文，一个名为 SchoolContext 用于保存所有与学校相关的模型，另一个名为 ApplicationDbContext 用于保存帐户模型的上下文。这一切都被保存到 sqlite 数据库中。
一切正常，直到我尝试将用户注册到我的上下文中。当我尝试注册我得到的用户时，无法找到 AspNetUsers 表错误。如果我查看数据库，我看不到 AspNetUser 表。我尝试添加 migrations ，但我仍然遇到同样的错误。为什么没有创建表？

启动.cs

public class Startup {
        public IConfigurationRoot Configuration { get; }
        public Startup(IHostingEnvironment env) {
            var builder = new ConfigurationBuilder()
                .SetBasePath(env.ContentRootPath)
                .AddJsonFile("appsettings.json", optional: true, reloadOnChange: true)
                .AddJsonFile($"appsettings.{env.EnvironmentName}.json", optional: true)
                .AddEnvironmentVariables();
            Configuration = builder.Build();
        }
        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services) {
            // Add Context services
            services.AddDbContext<SchoolContext>(options =>
                options.UseSqlite(Configuration.GetConnectionString("MainConnection")));
            services.AddDbContext<ApplicationDbContext>(options =>
                options.UseSqlite(Configuration.GetConnectionString("MainConnection")));

            // Add Identify servies 
            services.AddIdentity<ApplicationUser, IdentityRole>()
                .AddEntityFrameworkStores<ApplicationDbContext>()
                .AddDefaultTokenProviders();
            // Add framework services
            services.AddMvc();
        }
        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env, ILoggerFactory loggerFactory, SchoolContext context) {
            loggerFactory.AddConsole(Configuration.GetSection("Logging"));
            loggerFactory.AddDebug();
            // Config hot module replacement
            if (env.IsDevelopment()) {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
                app.UseWebpackDevMiddleware(new WebpackDevMiddlewareOptions {
                    HotModuleReplacement = true
                });
            }
            else {
                app.UseExceptionHandler("/Home/Error");
            }
            app.UseStaticFiles();
            // Enabled Identity
            app.UseIdentity();
            // Confgure routes 
            app.UseMvc(routes => {
                routes.MapRoute(
                    name: "default",
                    template: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");

                routes.MapSpaFallbackRoute(
                    name: "spa-fallback",
                    defaults: new { controller = "Home", action = "Index" });
            });
            // Initialize school database [FOR TESTING] 
            DbInitializer.Initialize(context);
        }
    }

ApplicationDbContext.cs

namespace ContosoUniversity.Data
{
    public class ApplicationDbContext : IdentityDbContext<ApplicationUser>
    {
        public ApplicationDbContext(DbContextOptions<ApplicationDbContext> options): base(options)
        {
        }

        protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder builder)
        {
            base.OnModelCreating(builder);
        }
    }
}

应用程序用户.cs

namespace ContosoUniversity.Models
{
    // Add profile data for application users by adding properties to the ApplicationUser class
    public class ApplicationUser : IdentityUser
    {
    }
}

应用设置.json

  "ConnectionStrings": {
    "MainConnection": "Data Source=/home/Josn/AspNetCore/ContosoUniversity/Databases/database.db"
  },

错误

fail: Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.RelationalQueryCompilationContextFactory[1]
      An exception occurred in the database while iterating the results of a query.
      Microsoft.Data.Sqlite.SqliteException: SQLite Error 1: 'no such table: AspNetUsers'.
         at Microsoft.Data.Sqlite.Interop.MarshalEx.ThrowExceptionForRC(Int32 rc, Sqlite3Handle db)
         at Microsoft.Data.Sqlite.SqliteCommand.ExecuteReader(CommandBehavior behavior)
         at Microsoft.Data.Sqlite.SqliteCommand.ExecuteReaderAsync(CommandBehavior behavior, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
         at Microsoft.Data.Sqlite.SqliteCommand.<ExecuteDbDataReaderAsync>d__53.MoveNext()
      --- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
         at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.ThrowForNonSuccess(Task task)
         at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)
         at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Storage.Internal.RelationalCommand.<ExecuteAsync>d__20.MoveNext()
      --- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
         at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.ThrowForNonSuccess(Task task)
         at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)
         at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.AsyncQueryingEnumerable.AsyncEnumerator.<MoveNext>d__8.MoveNext()
      --- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
         at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.ThrowForNonSuccess(Task task)
         at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)
         at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.AsyncLinqOperatorProvider.<_FirstOrDefault>d__82`1.MoveNext()
      --- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
         at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.ThrowForNonSuccess(Task task)
         at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)
         at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.TaskResultAsyncEnumerable`1.Enumerator.<MoveNext>d__3.MoveNext()
      --- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
         at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.ThrowForNonSuccess(Task task)
         at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)
         at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.AsyncLinqOperatorProvider.ExceptionInterceptor`1.EnumeratorExceptionInterceptor.<MoveNext>d__5.MoveNext()

Answer 1

听起来您好像忘了在程序包管理器控制台中调用 update-database。这就是将您创建的迁移实际应用到连​​接的数据库的原因。

另一个问题可能与您更新表名的方式有关。如果您直接编辑迁移，它无法知道您在运行时更改了名称，并且仍会查找默认的命名表。

要更改用户表名称，您想在 OnModelCreating 方法中的数据库上下文中执行类似的操作:

protected override void OnModelCreating( ModelBuilder builder ) {
    base.OnModelCreating( builder );
    // Customize the ASP.NET Identity model and override the defaults if needed.
    // For example, you can rename the ASP.NET Identity table names and more.
    // Add your customizations after calling base.OnModelCreating(builder);

    builder.Entity<ApplicationUser>() //Use your application user class here
           .ToTable( "ContosoUsers" ); //Set the table name here
}

然后您需要创建迁移以确保通过在程序包管理器控制台中运行以下命令来更新所有内容:

add-migration RenamedUserTable

然后快速运行 update-database 并重试。