java - 在 XML 文件中的特定位置插入字符串

Question

我有一个 XML 文件 (client_23.xml)如下所示。我有一个字符串变量 out我需要在下面的 XML 中插入特定位置。这不是我的完整 XML，因为我还有很多其他嵌套的内容，函数标记将位于其中，并且它不一致，因为此 XML 是通过代码生成的，所以我需要

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<clients>
    <!-- some other code here -->

    <function>
    </function>

    <function>
    </function>

    <function>
        <name>data_values</name>
        <variables>
            <variable>
            <name>temp</name>
            <type>double</type>
            </variable>
        </variables>
        <block>
            <opster>temp = 1</opster>   
        </block>
    </function>
</clients>

我需要解析上面的XML并找到一个名为data_values的函数然后插入out <block> 中的字符串变量标签。这不是我的完整 XML，因为我还有很多其他嵌套的内容，函数标记将位于其中，并且它不一致，因为此 XML 是通过代码生成的，所以我需要解析、迭代并找到它，然后将其放入。

最终的 xml 看起来像这样:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<clients>
    <!-- some other code here -->

    <function>
    </function>

    <function>
    </function>

    <function>
        <name>data_values</name>
        <variables>
            <variable>
            <name>temp</name>
            <type>double</type>
            </variable>
        </variables>
        <block>
            <!-- new stuff added and old things were gone -->
            <opster>hello = world</opster>
            <opster>abc = def</opster>
        </block>
    </function>
</clients>

下面是我得到的代码，但我无法理解如何在 data_values 中放入变量 block 标签中的函数。

StringBuilder out = new StringBuilder();
// some data in out variable, properly formatted with new lines.

String location = key.getPathName();
String clientIdPath = location + "/" + "client_23.xml";
File fileName = new File(clientIdPath);

DocumentBuilderFactory documentBuilderFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder documentBuilder = documentBuilderFactory.newDocumentBuilder();
Document document = documentBuilder.parse(fileName);

NodeList dataValueFunction = document.getElementsByTagName("function");
// I have started iterating but I am not able to understand how to insert "out"
// variable inside block
for (int i = 0; i < dataValueFunction.getLength(); i++) {
    Node node = dataValueFunction.item(i);
    System.out.println(node.getNodeName());
    NodeList childList = node.getChildNodes();
    for (int j = 0; j < childList.getLength(); j++) {
        Node node1 = childList.item(j);
        if (node1 != null && node1.getNodeName().equalsIgnoreCase("name")
                        && node1.getTextContent().equalsIgnoreCase("data_values")) {
            // now what should I do here?
        }
    }
}

Answer 1

检查这个问题。您可以使用 XPath 表达式来定位正确的函数标记并使用 Xpath 更新它。

How to update XML using XPath and Java

这是一个快速代码。

public static void main(String[] args) {
    try {
        FileInputStream file = new FileInputStream(new File("data.xml"));
        List<String> outs = Arrays.asList(new String[] { "hello = world", "abc = def" });
        DocumentBuilderFactory builderFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();

        DocumentBuilder builder = builderFactory.newDocumentBuilder();

        Document xmlDocument = builder.parse(file);

        XPath xPath = XPathFactory.newInstance().newXPath();

        System.out.println("*************************");
        String expression = "//clients/function/name[text()='data_values']";
        System.out.println(expression);
        Node nameTag = (Node) xPath.compile(expression).evaluate(xmlDocument, XPathConstants.NODE);

        for (int i = 0; i < nameTag.getParentNode().getChildNodes().getLength(); i++) {
            if (nameTag.getParentNode().getChildNodes().item(i).getNodeName().equals("block")) {
                System.out.println("GOT BLOCK");
                nameTag.getParentNode().removeChild(nameTag.getParentNode().getChildNodes().item(i));
                Node node = xmlDocument.createElement("block");



                nameTag.getParentNode().appendChild(node);
                for (String out : outs) {
                    Node newNode = xmlDocument.createElement("opster");
                    newNode.setTextContent(out);

                    node.appendChild(newNode);
                }

            }
        }
        TransformerFactory tFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
        Transformer transformer = tFactory.newTransformer();
        transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");
        transformer.setOutputProperty("{http://xml.apache.org/xslt}indent-amount", "4");
        DOMSource source = new DOMSource(xmlDocument);
        StreamResult result = new StreamResult(System.out);
        transformer.transform(source, result);

    } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (SAXException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (XPathExpressionException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (TransformerConfigurationException e) {
        // TODO Auto-generated catch block
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (TransformerException e) {
        // TODO Auto-generated catch block
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}