Java 对象方法不可访问

Question

在下面的代码中，如果我调用password.setEchoCar(char)方法，文件运行正常。为什么在它上面创建对象时我无法调用它？

应该存在范围问题，我检查了 javadoc 的方法，它似乎是指定非默认密码字符的正确方法。

谢谢

import javax.swing.*;

public class Authenticator extends javax.swing.JFrame {

    JTextField username = new JTextField(15);
    JPasswordField password = new JPasswordField(15);
    password.setEchoChar('%');
    JTextArea comments = new JTextArea(4, 15);
    JButton ok = new JButton("OK");
    JButton cancel = new JButton("Cancel");

    public Authenticator () {
        super("Account Information");
        setSize(300, 220);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        JPanel pane = new JPanel();
        JLabel usernameLabel= new JLabel("Username: ");
        JLabel passwordLabel = new JLabel("Password: ");
        JLabel commentsLabel = new JLabel("Comments: ");
        comments.setLineWrap(true);
        comments.setWrapStyleWord(true);
        pane.add(usernameLabel);
        pane.add(username);
        pane.add(passwordLabel);
        pane.add(password);
        pane.add(commentsLabel);
        pane.add(comments);
        pane.add(ok);
        pane.add(cancel);
        add(pane);
        setVisible(true);
    }

    private static void setLookAndFeel() {
        try {
            UIManager.setLookAndFeel("com.sun.java.swing.plaf.nimbus.NimbusLookAndFeel");
        } catch (Exception exc) {
            System.out.println(exc.getMessage());
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] arguments) {
        Authenticator.setLookAndFeel();
        Authenticator auth = new Authenticator();
    }
}

Answer 1

您正在尝试在可执行上下文之外执行代码(在变量减速区域内)...

public class Authenticator extends javax.swing.JFrame {

    JTextField username = new JTextField(15);
    JPasswordField password = new JPasswordField(15);
    password.setEchoChar('%');
    //...

    public Authenticator () {
        //...

将 password.setEchoChar('%'); 移至构造函数

public class Authenticator extends javax.swing.JFrame {

    JTextField username = new JTextField(15);
    JPasswordField password = new JPasswordField(15);
    //...

    public Authenticator () {
        super("Account Information");
        password.setEchoChar('%');
        //...