java - 作为 Maven 测试运行时，TestNG 测试会失败，但作为 TestNG 套件运行时会通过

Question

我正在使用 TestNG 运行自动化 Selenium 测试。当我作为 TestNG Suite 运行时，一切正常。但是当我作为 Maven Test 运行时，它们失败了。我非常困惑为什么他们会在一种情况下工作而不是在另一种情况下工作。以下是测试的总体布局:

基础.java

public class Base {

    public WebDriver driver = null;

    public WebDriver getLocalDriver() {
        driver = new FirefoxDriver();
        return driver;
    }

TestBase.java

public class TestBase extends Base {

    @BeforeTest
    public void beforeTest() {
        Base b = new Base();
        driver = b.getLocalDriver();
    }

    @AfterTest
    public void afterTest() {
        driver.quit();
    }

LoginTests.java

public class LoginTests extends TestBase {

    @Test
    public void TestOne() {

        driver.get("http://www.company.com");
        // ^^^ driver == null right here (line 28)
    }

错误消息:

java.lang.NullPointerException
    at com.company.automation.ecom.tests.LoginTests.TestOne(LoginTests.java:28)

编辑:pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.19.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <suiteXmlFiles>
                        <suiteXmlFile>testng.xml</suiteXmlFile>
                    </suiteXmlFiles>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

    <groupId>com.company.automation</groupId>
    <artifactId>ecom</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>ecom</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.testng</groupId>
            <artifactId>testng</artifactId>
            <version>6.8</version>
            <!--<scope>test</scope> -->
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
            <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
            <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
            <artifactId>selenium-chrome-driver</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.github.bonigarcia</groupId>
            <artifactId>webdrivermanager</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.0</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
</project>

testng.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd">
<suite name="ECOM Suite" parallel="tests" thread-count="2">

    <test verbose="2" name="Chrome">
        <parameter name="browserName" value="chrome"/>
        <parameter name="nodeURL" value="http://10.11.25.170:5552/wd/hub"/>
        <packages>
            <package name="com.company.*"></package>
        </packages>
    </test>

    <test verbose="2" name="Firefox">
        <parameter name="browserName" value="firefox"/>
        <parameter name="nodeURL" value="http://10.11.25.170:5551/wd/hub"/>
        <packages>
            <package name="com.company.*"></package>
        </packages>
    </test>

</suite>

Answer 1

I'm super confused why they would work under one scenario and not another.

当我第一次发现 TestNG(很好)利用多线程时，我也是如此。

尝试将@BeforeTest和@AfterTest注释更改为@BeforeMethod和@AfterMethod。这将是最简单的解决方案。

除了将 WebDriver 保留在静态 ThreadLocal 中可能是成功的关键。

考虑一下:

public class TestBase {

    protected static ThreadLocal<WebDriver> webDriver = new ThreadLocal<WebDriver>();
    protected String abc;

    @BeforeMethod
    public void setUp(){
        System.out.println("I am in setUp method.");

        //WebDriver instantiation etc.
        System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "/path/to/chromedriver");

        ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
        options.addArguments("--start-maximized", "--disable-cache");
        webDriver.set(new ChromeDriver(options));
        webDriver.get().manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    }

    @AfterMethod
    public void tearDown(){
        System.out.println("I am in tearDown method.");
        //You can clean up after tests.
        //webDriver.get().quit();
        webDriver.get().quit();
    }
}

在两个单独的文件中:

public class Test1 extends TestBase {

    @Test
    public void goToGoogle() {
        System.out.println("Google");
        String googleURL = "http://google.com/";
        webDriver.get().get(googleURL);
        assertTrue(webDriver.get().getCurrentUrl().contains("google"), "We are on Google!");
    }
}

和

public class Test2 extends TestBase {

    @Test
    public void goToStackOverflow() {
        System.out.println("SO!");
        String stackOverflowAddress = "http://stackoverflow.com/";
        webDriver.get().get(stackOverflowAddress);
        assertTrue(webDriver.get().getCurrentUrl().contains("stack"), "We are on SO!");
    }
}