java 抛出异常 java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException :

Question

我正在创建一个程序，它接受一系列数字并将这些数字中的最小对相加。失败的代码如下:

import java.util.*;

public class Library {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);

        String answer;
        int count;
        int books;
        int writers;
        List<Integer> booksList = new LinkedList<>();
        System.out.printf("Numbers: ");

        answer = input.nextLine();
        String[] arr = answer.split(" ");

        for (String num : arr) {
            booksList.add(Integer.parseInt(num));
        }

        books = booksList.remove(0);
        writers = booksList.remove(0);

        while (booksList.size() > writers) {
            mergeMinimalPair(booksList);
        }
    }

    public static void mergeMinimalPair(List<Integer> books) {  
        int index = 0;
        int minValue = books.get(0) + books.get(1);

        for (int i = 1; i <= books.size() - 1; i++){
            if ((books.get(i) + books.get(i + 1)) < minValue){
                index = i;
                minValue = books.get(i) + books.get(i + 1);
            }
        }
        //combine(books, index, index + 1);
    }

combine 方法尚未实现。我检查了调试器，当它要执行 mergeMinimalPair 方法时，它抛出以下异常:

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException: Index: 7, Size: 7
    at java.util.LinkedList.checkElementIndex(LinkedList.java:553)
    at java.util.LinkedList.get(LinkedList.java:474)
    at Library.mergeMinimalPair(Library.java:40)
    at Library.main(Library.java:29)
Java Result: 1

如何避免这种异常？

Answer 1

问题出在这里:

for (int i = 1; i <= books.size() - 1; i++){
    if ((books.get(i) + books.get(i + 1)) < minValue){
        index = i;
        minValue = books.get(i) + books.get(i + 1);
    }
}

您正在迭代到 books.size() - 1。当i正好等于books.size() - 1时，i + 1等于books.size()，当你执行 books.get(i + 1) 时，它被认为是越界的。修复:

for (int i = 1; i < books.size() - 1; i++){
    if ((books.get(i) + books.get(i + 1)) < minValue){
        index = i;
        minValue = books.get(i) + books.get(i + 1);
    }
}