c++ - 由于 undefined reference ，无法链接 Crypto++ Speck 算法

Question

我正在尝试将 Crypto++ 的 Simon 和 Speck 实现用于一个研究项目，但我目前无法编译和链接其 wiki 页面上提供的示例代码。

按照 Crypto++ wiki 的说明，我能够构建库并运行他们的所有测试套件直至完成。我还能够从同一个 wiki 运行示例 AES 代码。仅当我尝试调用 Simon 或 Speck 时才会出现编译错误。

要编译和链接文件，我正在使用 g++ speck_test.cpp -lcryptopp。

这是 Crypto++ Speck wiki 上提供的程序。我在我认为必要的地方添加了 include 语句和范围解析。

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>

#include "cryptopp/modes.h"
#include "cryptopp/speck.h"
#include "cryptopp/filters.h"

int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
    CryptoPP::SPECK128::Encryption speck;

    std::cout << "StaticAlgorithmName: " << speck.StaticAlgorithmName() << std::endl;
    std::cout << "AlgorithmName (unkeyed): " << speck.AlgorithmName() << std::endl;

    CryptoPP::byte key[CryptoPP::SPECK128::DEFAULT_KEYLENGTH] = {};
    speck.SetKey(key, sizeof(key));

    std::cout << "AlgorithmName (keyed): " << speck.AlgorithmName() << std::endl;

    return 0;
}

根据维基，这个程序的预期输出是

StaticAlgorithmName: SPECK-128
AlgorithmName (unkeyed): SPECK-128
AlgorithmName (keyed): SPECK-128(128)

但是，我从编译器收到以下错误:

/tmp/ccD02cM7.o: In function `CryptoPP::SPECK128::Base::Base()':
speck_test.cpp:(.text._ZN8CryptoPP8SPECK1284BaseC2Ev[_ZN8CryptoPP8SPECK1284BaseC5Ev]+0x2c): undefined reference to `vtable for CryptoPP::SPECK128::Base'
speck_test.cpp:(.text._ZN8CryptoPP8SPECK1284BaseC2Ev[_ZN8CryptoPP8SPECK1284BaseC5Ev]+0x3a): undefined reference to `vtable for CryptoPP::SPECK128::Base'
speck_test.cpp:(.text._ZN8CryptoPP8SPECK1284BaseC2Ev[_ZN8CryptoPP8SPECK1284BaseC5Ev]+0x49): undefined reference to `vtable for CryptoPP::SPECK128::Base'
/tmp/ccD02cM7.o: In function `CryptoPP::SPECK128::Base::~Base()':
speck_test.cpp:(.text._ZN8CryptoPP8SPECK1284BaseD2Ev[_ZN8CryptoPP8SPECK1284BaseD5Ev]+0xf): undefined reference to `vtable for CryptoPP::SPECK128::Base'
speck_test.cpp:(.text._ZN8CryptoPP8SPECK1284BaseD2Ev[_ZN8CryptoPP8SPECK1284BaseD5Ev]+0x1d): undefined reference to `vtable for CryptoPP::SPECK128::Base'
/tmp/ccD02cM7.o:speck_test.cpp:(.text._ZN8CryptoPP8SPECK1284BaseD2Ev[_ZN8CryptoPP8SPECK1284BaseD5Ev]+0x2c): more undefined references to `vtable for CryptoPP::SPECK128::Base' follow
/tmp/ccD02cM7.o: In function `CryptoPP::SPECK128::Enc::Enc()':
speck_test.cpp:(.text._ZN8CryptoPP8SPECK1283EncC2Ev[_ZN8CryptoPP8SPECK1283EncC5Ev]+0x1b): undefined reference to `vtable for CryptoPP::SPECK128::Enc'
speck_test.cpp:(.text._ZN8CryptoPP8SPECK1283EncC2Ev[_ZN8CryptoPP8SPECK1283EncC5Ev]+0x29): undefined reference to `vtable for CryptoPP::SPECK128::Enc'
speck_test.cpp:(.text._ZN8CryptoPP8SPECK1283EncC2Ev[_ZN8CryptoPP8SPECK1283EncC5Ev]+0x38): undefined reference to `vtable for CryptoPP::SPECK128::Enc'
/tmp/ccD02cM7.o: In function `CryptoPP::SPECK128::Enc::~Enc()':
speck_test.cpp:(.text._ZN8CryptoPP8SPECK1283EncD2Ev[_ZN8CryptoPP8SPECK1283EncD5Ev]+0xf): undefined reference to `vtable for CryptoPP::SPECK128::Enc'
speck_test.cpp:(.text._ZN8CryptoPP8SPECK1283EncD2Ev[_ZN8CryptoPP8SPECK1283EncD5Ev]+0x1d): undefined reference to `vtable for CryptoPP::SPECK128::Enc'
/tmp/ccD02cM7.o:speck_test.cpp:(.text._ZN8CryptoPP8SPECK1283EncD2Ev[_ZN8CryptoPP8SPECK1283EncD5Ev]+0x2c): more undefined references to `vtable for CryptoPP::SPECK128::Enc' follow
/tmp/ccD02cM7.o:(.data.rel.ro._ZTVN8CryptoPP16BlockCipherFinalILNS_9CipherDirE0ENS_8SPECK1283EncEEE[_ZTVN8CryptoPP16BlockCipherFinalILNS_9CipherDirE0ENS_8SPECK1283EncEEE]+0x28): undefined reference to `CryptoPP::SPECK128::Base::AlgorithmProvider[abi:cxx11]() const'
/tmp/ccD02cM7.o:(.data.rel.ro._ZTVN8CryptoPP16BlockCipherFinalILNS_9CipherDirE0ENS_8SPECK1283EncEEE[_ZTVN8CryptoPP16BlockCipherFinalILNS_9CipherDirE0ENS_8SPECK1283EncEEE]+0x30): undefined reference to `CryptoPP::SPECK128::Base::UncheckedSetKey(unsigned char const*, unsigned int, CryptoPP::NameValuePairs const&)'
/tmp/ccD02cM7.o:(.data.rel.ro._ZTVN8CryptoPP16BlockCipherFinalILNS_9CipherDirE0ENS_8SPECK1283EncEEE[_ZTVN8CryptoPP16BlockCipherFinalILNS_9CipherDirE0ENS_8SPECK1283EncEEE]+0x38): undefined reference to `CryptoPP::SPECK128::Enc::ProcessAndXorBlock(unsigned char const*, unsigned char const*, unsigned char*) const'
/tmp/ccD02cM7.o:(.data.rel.ro._ZTVN8CryptoPP16BlockCipherFinalILNS_9CipherDirE0ENS_8SPECK1283EncEEE[_ZTVN8CryptoPP16BlockCipherFinalILNS_9CipherDirE0ENS_8SPECK1283EncEEE]+0x40): undefined reference to `CryptoPP::SPECK128::Enc::AdvancedProcessBlocks(unsigned char const*, unsigned char const*, unsigned char*, unsigned long, unsigned int) const'
/tmp/ccD02cM7.o:(.data.rel.ro._ZTVN8CryptoPP16BlockCipherFinalILNS_9CipherDirE0ENS_8SPECK1283EncEEE[_ZTVN8CryptoPP16BlockCipherFinalILNS_9CipherDirE0ENS_8SPECK1283EncEEE]+0xe0): undefined reference to `non-virtual thunk to CryptoPP::SPECK128::Base::UncheckedSetKey(unsigned char const*, unsigned int, CryptoPP::NameValuePairs const&)'
/tmp/ccD02cM7.o:(.data.rel.ro._ZTVN8CryptoPP16BlockCipherFinalILNS_9CipherDirE0ENS_8SPECK1283EncEEE[_ZTVN8CryptoPP16BlockCipherFinalILNS_9CipherDirE0ENS_8SPECK1283EncEEE]+0x128): undefined reference to `non-virtual thunk to CryptoPP::SPECK128::Base::AlgorithmProvider[abi:cxx11]() const'
/tmp/ccD02cM7.o:(.data.rel.ro._ZTVN8CryptoPP16BlockCipherFinalILNS_9CipherDirE0ENS_8SPECK1283EncEEE[_ZTVN8CryptoPP16BlockCipherFinalILNS_9CipherDirE0ENS_8SPECK1283EncEEE]+0x130): undefined reference to `non-virtual thunk to CryptoPP::SPECK128::Enc::ProcessAndXorBlock(unsigned char const*, unsigned char const*, unsigned char*) const'
/tmp/ccD02cM7.o:(.data.rel.ro._ZTVN8CryptoPP16BlockCipherFinalILNS_9CipherDirE0ENS_8SPECK1283EncEEE[_ZTVN8CryptoPP16BlockCipherFinalILNS_9CipherDirE0ENS_8SPECK1283EncEEE]+0x160): undefined reference to `non-virtual thunk to CryptoPP::SPECK128::Enc::AdvancedProcessBlocks(unsigned char const*, unsigned char const*, unsigned char*, unsigned long, unsigned int) const'
/tmp/ccD02cM7.o:(.data.rel.ro._ZTVN8CryptoPP12ClonableImplINS_16BlockCipherFinalILNS_9CipherDirE0ENS_8SPECK1283EncEEES4_EE[_ZTVN8CryptoPP12ClonableImplINS_16BlockCipherFinalILNS_9CipherDirE0ENS_8SPECK1283EncEEES4_EE]+0x28): undefined reference to `CryptoPP::SPECK128::Base::AlgorithmProvider[abi:cxx11]() const'
/tmp/ccD02cM7.o:(.data.rel.ro._ZTVN8CryptoPP12ClonableImplINS_16BlockCipherFinalILNS_9CipherDirE0ENS_8SPECK1283EncEEES4_EE[_ZTVN8CryptoPP12ClonableImplINS_16BlockCipherFinalILNS_9CipherDirE0ENS_8SPECK1283EncEEES4_EE]+0x30): undefined reference to `CryptoPP::SPECK128::Base::UncheckedSetKey(unsigned char const*, unsigned int, CryptoPP::NameValuePairs const&)'
/tmp/ccD02cM7.o:(.data.rel.ro._ZTVN8CryptoPP12ClonableImplINS_16BlockCipherFinalILNS_9CipherDirE0ENS_8SPECK1283EncEEES4_EE[_ZTVN8CryptoPP12ClonableImplINS_16BlockCipherFinalILNS_9CipherDirE0ENS_8SPECK1283EncEEES4_EE]+0x38): undefined reference to `CryptoPP::SPECK128::Enc::ProcessAndXorBlock(unsigned char const*, unsigned char const*, unsigned char*) const'
/tmp/ccD02cM7.o:(.data.rel.ro._ZTVN8CryptoPP12ClonableImplINS_16BlockCipherFinalILNS_9CipherDirE0ENS_8SPECK1283EncEEES4_EE[_ZTVN8CryptoPP12ClonableImplINS_16BlockCipherFinalILNS_9CipherDirE0ENS_8SPECK1283EncEEES4_EE]+0x40): undefined reference to `CryptoPP::SPECK128::Enc::AdvancedProcessBlocks(unsigned char const*, unsigned char const*, unsigned char*, unsigned long, unsigned int) const'
/tmp/ccD02cM7.o:(.data.rel.ro._ZTVN8CryptoPP12ClonableImplINS_16BlockCipherFinalILNS_9CipherDirE0ENS_8SPECK1283EncEEES4_EE[_ZTVN8CryptoPP12ClonableImplINS_16BlockCipherFinalILNS_9CipherDirE0ENS_8SPECK1283EncEEES4_EE]+0xd8): undefined reference to `non-virtual thunk to CryptoPP::SPECK128::Base::UncheckedSetKey(unsigned char const*, unsigned int, CryptoPP::NameValuePairs const&)'
/tmp/ccD02cM7.o:(.data.rel.ro._ZTVN8CryptoPP12ClonableImplINS_16BlockCipherFinalILNS_9CipherDirE0ENS_8SPECK1283EncEEES4_EE[_ZTVN8CryptoPP12ClonableImplINS_16BlockCipherFinalILNS_9CipherDirE0ENS_8SPECK1283EncEEES4_EE]+0x120): undefined reference to `non-virtual thunk to CryptoPP::SPECK128::Base::AlgorithmProvider[abi:cxx11]() const'
/tmp/ccD02cM7.o:(.data.rel.ro._ZTVN8CryptoPP12ClonableImplINS_16BlockCipherFinalILNS_9CipherDirE0ENS_8SPECK1283EncEEES4_EE[_ZTVN8CryptoPP12ClonableImplINS_16BlockCipherFinalILNS_9CipherDirE0ENS_8SPECK1283EncEEES4_EE]+0x128): undefined reference to `non-virtual thunk to CryptoPP::SPECK128::Enc::ProcessAndXorBlock(unsigned char const*, unsigned char const*, unsigned char*) const'
/tmp/ccD02cM7.o:(.data.rel.ro._ZTVN8CryptoPP12ClonableImplINS_16BlockCipherFinalILNS_9CipherDirE0ENS_8SPECK1283EncEEES4_EE[_ZTVN8CryptoPP12ClonableImplINS_16BlockCipherFinalILNS_9CipherDirE0ENS_8SPECK1283EncEEES4_EE]+0x158): undefined reference to `non-virtual thunk to CryptoPP::SPECK128::Enc::AdvancedProcessBlocks(unsigned char const*, unsigned char const*, unsigned char*, unsigned long, unsigned int) const'
/tmp/ccD02cM7.o:(.data.rel.ro._ZTIN8CryptoPP12ClonableImplINS_16BlockCipherFinalILNS_9CipherDirE0ENS_8SPECK1283EncEEES4_EE[_ZTIN8CryptoPP12ClonableImplINS_16BlockCipherFinalILNS_9CipherDirE0ENS_8SPECK1283EncEEES4_EE]+0x10): undefined reference to `typeinfo for CryptoPP::SPECK128::Enc'
/tmp/ccD02cM7.o: In function `CryptoPP::SPECK128::Base::Base(CryptoPP::SPECK128::Base const&)':
speck_test.cpp:(.text._ZN8CryptoPP8SPECK1284BaseC2ERKS1_[_ZN8CryptoPP8SPECK1284BaseC5ERKS1_]+0x41): undefined reference to `vtable for CryptoPP::SPECK128::Base'
speck_test.cpp:(.text._ZN8CryptoPP8SPECK1284BaseC2ERKS1_[_ZN8CryptoPP8SPECK1284BaseC5ERKS1_]+0x4f): undefined reference to `vtable for CryptoPP::SPECK128::Base'
speck_test.cpp:(.text._ZN8CryptoPP8SPECK1284BaseC2ERKS1_[_ZN8CryptoPP8SPECK1284BaseC5ERKS1_]+0x5e): undefined reference to `vtable for CryptoPP::SPECK128::Base'
/tmp/ccD02cM7.o: In function `CryptoPP::SPECK128::Enc::Enc(CryptoPP::SPECK128::Enc const&)':
speck_test.cpp:(.text._ZN8CryptoPP8SPECK1283EncC2ERKS1_[_ZN8CryptoPP8SPECK1283EncC5ERKS1_]+0x26): undefined reference to `vtable for CryptoPP::SPECK128::Enc'
speck_test.cpp:(.text._ZN8CryptoPP8SPECK1283EncC2ERKS1_[_ZN8CryptoPP8SPECK1283EncC5ERKS1_]+0x34): undefined reference to `vtable for CryptoPP::SPECK128::Enc'
speck_test.cpp:(.text._ZN8CryptoPP8SPECK1283EncC2ERKS1_[_ZN8CryptoPP8SPECK1283EncC5ERKS1_]+0x43): undefined reference to `vtable for CryptoPP::SPECK128::Enc'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

如有任何帮助，我们将不胜感激!

Answer 1

正如 dave 所指出的，错误是由于编译器无法找到 CryptoPP 而引起的。

为了解决这个问题，我必须设置 LD_LIBRARY_PATH Ubuntu 上的环境变量以包含库的路径。然后，我不得不更改我的编译器命令以先编译我的文件，然后再链接库，即

g++ -o test.exe speck_test.cpp -L<path-to-cryptopp> -lcryptopp

而不是

g++ -L<path-to-cryptopp> -lcryptopp -o test.exe speck_test.cpp ，这是失败的。