c++ - 无法围绕单个单词的输出及其相应的行号

Question

我到处搜索，找不到解决我遇到的这个问题的方法。我在命令行上从 stdin 获取输入并使用我的程序进行一些计数。

我正在输入一个不超过 100 行且每行不超过 20 个单词的文件。因此，我有一个包含 2000 个元素的数组和一个包含一个 int 和一个包含 100 个元素的数组的结构。

我的目标是计算字数、行数和字节/字符数(已完成)。我还希望将每个单词读入一个数组，然后找出每个单词所在的行。

示例输出类似于:

a:1, 2, 4
This: 1, 2
struct: 2, 3, 4

这是我的测试文件:

This is a test file
This file contains a struct
The struct with a datatype of wordBlock that contains an array of 100 int elements
The struct also contains string word
There is an array of datatype wordBlock
There are a total of two thousand possible elements
I must count the words
Count the number of bytes
And count the number of lines
I must also determine what words appear on which line number
I must output each unique word only once and list its corresponding line number
The words This and this and THIS would all be unique words

我无法解决的大问题是如何只输出每个单词一次以及它在哪一行。一个词可能存在于多行，我只需要这个词一次及其对应的行号。我不想每次调用 block[n].word 时都显示相同的词。我也不打算计算这个词在代码中出现的次数，只计算包含它的行号。

这是我的代码:

#include "main.h"

using namespace std;

typedef struct
{
    string word;
    array<int, 100> lines;
} wordBlock;

int main()
{

    string wordBuf("");
    istringstream wordGather("");
    string buffer("");
    int numberOfLines = 0;
    int numberOfBytes = 0;
    int wordCount = 0;
    int idxCount = 0;

    while (getline(cin, wordBuf))
    {
        numberOfBytes = numberOfBytes + (wordBuf.length() + 1);
        numberOfLines++;
        wordGather.str(wordBuf);
        wordGather.clear();

        while (wordGather >> buffer)
        {
            wordCount++;
            block[idxCount].word = buffer;
            idxCount++;

            for (auto indexCount = 0; indexCount < 100; indexCount++)
            {
                block[idxCount].lines[indexCount] = numberOfLines;
            }
        }
    }

    cout << "There are " << wordCount << " words, " << numberOfLines
            << " lines, and  " << numberOfBytes << " bytes." << endl;

    for (auto idxCount = 0; idxCount < block.size(); idxCount++)
    {
        for (auto index = 0; index < block.size(); index++)
        {
            for (auto lineIdx = 1; lineIdx < 2; lineIdx++)
            {
                if (block[idxCount].word == block[index].word)
                {
                    block[idxCount].lines[lineIdx] = block[index].lines[0];
                }
            }
        }
    }

    return 0;
}

预先感谢您提供任何可能的建议。

Answer 1

您将需要一张包含行号列表的 map ，

map<string, vector<int>> words;

然后，您需要用代码(根据您的代码修改)填充它:

    while(wordGather >> buffer)
    {
        wordCount++;
        if(words.find(buffer) == words.end())
            words[buffer] = std::vector<int>();
        words[buffer].push_back(numberOfLines);
    }      

您可以使用类似以下内容显示单词列表和行号:

    for(auto word:words)
    {
            cout << word.first << " at lines";
            for(auto line:words.second)
                    cout << " " << line;
            cout << endl;
    }