c++ - 从文件读取时如何跳过数组的第一行？

Question

我正在尝试从文本文件中读取值，然后将它们粘贴到一个数组中。我使用的文本文件是这样的；

Big Stone Gap,VA
Red-tailed_Hawk     1              
Mourning_Dove       66              
Red-bellied_Woodpecker  5              
Yellow-bellied_Sapsucker 1             
Downy_Woodpecker    4              
Pileated_Woodpecker     2              
Blue_Jay        8              
American_Crow       89             
Carolina_Chickadee      8              
Black-capped_Chickadee  6              
Tufted_Titmouse     12             
Red-breasted_Nuthatch   2              
White-breasted_Nuthatch  9             
Carolina_Wren       3              
American_Robin      1              
Northern_Mockingbird    1              
European_Starling   5              
Eastern_Towhee      3              
Field_Sparrow       13            
Fox_Sparrow         1              
Song_Sparrow        8              
White-throated_Sparrow  11            
Dark-eyed_Junco     9             
Northern_Cardinal   30            
Purple_Finch        7              
House_Finch         6             
American_Goldfinch      29

我试图将它们读入一个数组，然后输出该数组。我必须做其他事情(更改用户输入的值)，但我知道该怎么做。我的问题是这样的；当我运行它时，它读取 Big 和 Stone，并将它们放入值中。这不是我想要的；它应该类似于 Red_Tailed_Hawk 和 1。我的代码如下；我不知道该怎么做才能让它正常工作。请原谅一些变数；我从另一个使用 int 数组而不是字符串数组的项目中删除了这个脚本。

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <iomanip>

using namespace std;

const int NUMBER_OF_STUDENTS = 28;
const int NUMBER_OF_SCORES = 28;

void getData (ifstream& infile, string matrix[][NUMBER_OF_SCORES + 1 ],
                    int NUMBER_OF_STUDENTS) ;

void printMatrix(string matrix[][NUMBER_OF_SCORES + 1], int NUMBER_OF_STUDENTS);



int main()
{
string birdarray [NUMBER_OF_STUDENTS][NUMBER_OF_SCORES +1 ] ;
              // column 0 will hold the student ID.
              // row n has the ID and birdarray for student n.


ifstream inData; //input file stream variable
inData.open("one.txt");

if ( !inData)
{
     cout << "invalid file name \n";

     return 1;
}

// input the birdarray into two-D array birdarray
getData ( inData , birdarray, NUMBER_OF_STUDENTS );
printMatrix(birdarray, NUMBER_OF_STUDENTS);



// return  the row number of a searchItem in a particular column.
// if not found, return -1
}


void getData (ifstream& infile,string chart[][NUMBER_OF_SCORES + 1 ],
                    int student_count)

{
 int row, col;


 for ( row = 0; row < student_count; row++)
    for (col =0; col <  NUMBER_OF_SCORES +1  ; col++)
        infile  >> chart [row] [col] ;


}
void printMatrix(string matrix[][NUMBER_OF_SCORES + 1], int NUMBER_OF_STUDENTS)
{
int row, col;
//this code below is to loop it so it displays all the values
// for (row = 0; row < NUMBER_OF_STUDENTS + 1; col++)
// {
//   cout << right << matrix[row][col];
 //  cout << endl;
//}

//this is just some test code to see if it can output certain values right
cout << matrix[0][2];
cout << matrix[0][3];
cout << matrix[0][4];
cout << matrix[0][5];
}

Answer 1

您可以使用以下内容跳过第一行:

inData.ignore(numeric_limits<streamsize>::max(), inData.widen('\n'));

std::istream::ignore 引用:http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/istream/istream/ignore/

附言。第一个参数是要忽略的最大字符数。 numeric_limits::max() 意味着你想忽略直到字符串结束，不管字符串有多长。