我正在尝试结合著名的 boost ssl client/server连接示例到一个程序中。为了您的引用,基类是这样的:
#include <cstdlib>
#include <iostream>
#include <boost/bind.hpp>
#include <boost/asio.hpp>
#include <boost/asio/ssl.hpp>
namespace bt
{
//
// client.cpp
// ~~~~~~~~~~
//
// Copyright (c) 2003-2011 Christopher M. Kohlhoff (chris at kohlhoff dot com)
//
// Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
// file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
//
enum { max_length = 1024 };
class client
{
public:
client(boost::asio::io_service& io_service, boost::asio::ssl::context& context,
boost::asio::ip::tcp::resolver::iterator endpoint_iterator)
: socket_(io_service, context)
{
boost::asio::ip::tcp::endpoint endpoint = *endpoint_iterator;
socket_.lowest_layer().async_connect(endpoint,
boost::bind(&client::handle_connect, this,
boost::asio::placeholders::error, ++endpoint_iterator));
}
void handle_connect(const boost::system::error_code& error,
boost::asio::ip::tcp::resolver::iterator endpoint_iterator)
{
std::cout << "handle_connect\n";
if (!error)
{
std::cout << "handle_connect No error\n";
socket_.async_handshake(boost::asio::ssl::stream_base::client,
boost::bind(&client::handle_handshake, this,
boost::asio::placeholders::error));
}
else if (endpoint_iterator != boost::asio::ip::tcp::resolver::iterator())
{
std::cout << "handle_connect retry!\n";
socket_.lowest_layer().close();
boost::asio::ip::tcp::endpoint endpoint = *endpoint_iterator;
socket_.lowest_layer().async_connect(endpoint,
boost::bind(&client::handle_connect, this,
boost::asio::placeholders::error, ++endpoint_iterator));
}
else
{
std::cout << "Connect failed: " << error << "\n";
}
}
void handle_handshake(const boost::system::error_code& error)
{
std::cout << "client handle_handshake\n";
if (!error)
{
std::cout << "Enter message: ";
// std::cin.getline(request_, max_length);
sprintf(request_, "%s", "Hi Testing...");
size_t request_length = strlen(request_);
boost::asio::async_write(socket_,
boost::asio::buffer(request_, request_length),
boost::bind(&client::handle_write, this,
boost::asio::placeholders::error,
boost::asio::placeholders::bytes_transferred));
}
else
{
std::cout << "Handshake failed: " << error << "\n";
}
}
void handle_write(const boost::system::error_code& error,
size_t bytes_transferred)
{
if (!error)
{
boost::asio::async_read(socket_,
boost::asio::buffer(reply_, bytes_transferred),
boost::bind(&client::handle_read, this,
boost::asio::placeholders::error,
boost::asio::placeholders::bytes_transferred));
}
else
{
std::cout << "Write failed: " << error << "\n";
}
}
void handle_read(const boost::system::error_code& error,
size_t bytes_transferred)
{
if (!error)
{
std::cout << "Reply: ";
std::cout.write(reply_, bytes_transferred);
std::cout << "\n";
}
else
{
std::cout << "Read failed: " << error << "\n";
}
}
private:
boost::asio::ssl::stream<boost::asio::ip::tcp::socket> socket_;
char request_[max_length];
char reply_[max_length];
};
//
// server.cpp
// ~~~~~~~~~~
//
// Copyright (c) 2003-2011 Christopher M. Kohlhoff (chris at kohlhoff dot com)
//
// Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
// file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
//
typedef boost::asio::ssl::stream<boost::asio::ip::tcp::socket> ssl_socket;
class session
{
public:
session(boost::asio::io_service& io_service, boost::asio::ssl::context& context)
: socket_(io_service, context)
{
}
ssl_socket::lowest_layer_type& socket()
{
return socket_.lowest_layer();
}
void start()
{
std::cout << "session start->handshake\n";
socket_.async_handshake(boost::asio::ssl::stream_base::server,
boost::bind(&session::handle_handshake, this,
boost::asio::placeholders::error));
}
void handle_handshake(const boost::system::error_code& error)
{
std::cout << "session handle_handshake\n";
if (!error)
{
socket_.async_read_some(boost::asio::buffer(data_, max_length),
boost::bind(&session::handle_read, this,
boost::asio::placeholders::error,
boost::asio::placeholders::bytes_transferred));
}
else
{
delete this;
}
}
void handle_read(const boost::system::error_code& error,
size_t bytes_transferred)
{
if (!error)
{
boost::asio::async_write(socket_,
boost::asio::buffer(data_, bytes_transferred),
boost::bind(&session::handle_write, this,
boost::asio::placeholders::error));
}
else
{
delete this;
}
}
void handle_write(const boost::system::error_code& error)
{
if (!error)
{
socket_.async_read_some(boost::asio::buffer(data_, max_length),
boost::bind(&session::handle_read, this,
boost::asio::placeholders::error,
boost::asio::placeholders::bytes_transferred));
}
else
{
delete this;
}
}
private:
ssl_socket socket_;
enum { max_length = 1024 };
char data_[max_length];
};
class server
{
public:
server(boost::asio::io_service& io_service, unsigned short port)
: io_service_(io_service),
acceptor_(io_service,
boost::asio::ip::tcp::endpoint(boost::asio::ip::tcp::v4(), port)),
context_(io_service, boost::asio::ssl::context::sslv23)
{
//std::cout << "server()\n";
context_.set_options(
boost::asio::ssl::context::default_workarounds
| boost::asio::ssl::context::no_sslv2
| boost::asio::ssl::context::single_dh_use);
context_.set_password_callback(boost::bind(&server::get_password, this));
context_.use_certificate_chain_file("server.crt");
context_.use_private_key_file("server.key", boost::asio::ssl::context::pem);
context_.use_tmp_dh_file("dh1024.pem");
session* new_session = new session(io_service_, context_);
acceptor_.async_accept(new_session->socket(),
boost::bind(&server::handle_accept, this, new_session,
boost::asio::placeholders::error));
}
std::string get_password() const
{
return "test";
}
void handle_accept(session* new_session,
const boost::system::error_code& error)
{
std::cout << "server() handle_accept\n";
if (!error)
{
std::cout << "server() handle_accept !error\n";
new_session->start();
new_session = new session(io_service_, context_);
acceptor_.async_accept(new_session->socket(),
boost::bind(&server::handle_accept, this, new_session,
boost::asio::placeholders::error));
}
else
{
std::cout << "server() handle_accept error:" << error.message() << std::endl;
delete new_session;
}
}
private:
boost::asio::io_service& io_service_;
boost::asio::ip::tcp::acceptor acceptor_;
boost::asio::ssl::context context_;
};
}//namespace bt
主要程序是:
BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(accept_ssl_connection_1)
{
boost::asio::io_service io_service_1;
boost::asio::io_service io_service_2;
int port = random_port();
std::stringstream i("");
i << port;
std::cout << "Port is:" << i.str() << std::endl;
//server
bt::server(io_service_1, port);
//client
boost::asio::ip::tcp::resolver resolver(io_service_2);
boost::asio::ip::tcp::resolver::query query("127.0.0.1", i.str());
boost::asio::ip::tcp::resolver::iterator iterator = resolver.resolve(query);
boost::asio::ssl::context ctx(io_service_2, boost::asio::ssl::context::sslv23);
ctx.set_verify_mode(boost::asio::ssl::context::verify_peer);
ctx.load_verify_file("server.crt");
bt::client c(io_service_2, ctx, iterator);
boost::thread thread1(boost::bind(&boost::asio::io_service::run, &io_service_1));
boost::thread thread2(boost::bind(&boost::asio::io_service::run, &io_service_2));
thread1.join();
thread2.join();
}
这是我得到的输出:
Port is:7200
server() handle_accept
handle_connect
Connect failed: system:111
server() handle_accept error:Operation canceled
如果客户端和服务器是单独构建和运行的,则该程序可以运行。我想我在 io_service 的使用上有误。 你能帮我检测一下问题吗?
最佳答案
1。风格
我建议您更加努力地 boost 代码的可读性。
Code is for humans to read, not computers
在您的情况下,极度简洁
bt::client c(...);
导致像这样的错误
bt::server(io_service_1, port);
与(可能是预期的)变量声明没有太大区别
bt::server s(io_service_1, port);
否则,新建的服务器将立即销毁,从而取消所有挂起的操作。
2。调试
尝试实际呈现可读消息:
std::cout << "Connect failed: " << error.message() << "\n";
std::cout << "Handshake failed: " << error.message() << "\n";
std::cout << "Write failed: " << error.message() << "\n";
std::cout << "Read failed: " << error.message() << "\n";
std::cout << "server() handle_accept error:" << error.message() << std::endl;
这会告诉您“125”表示“操作中止”等。这就是让我在这里和那里添加一点跟踪的原因:
~session() { std::cout << "Deleting session!\n"; }
~server() { std::cout << "Deleting server!\n"; }
2。 Asio Review,更多风格
与其手动操作,不如使用 boost 中定义的组合操作:
client(ba::io_service &io_service, ssl::context &context, tcp::resolver::iterator endpoint_iterator) : socket_(io_service, context) { ba::async_connect(socket_.lowest_layer(), endpoint_iterator, boost::bind(&client::handle_connect, this, bap::error)); } void handle_connect(const boost::system::error_code &error) { std::cout << "handle_connect\n"; if (!error) { std::cout << "handle_connect No error\n"; socket_.async_handshake(ssl::stream_base::client, boost::bind(&client::handle_handshake, this, bap::error)); } else { std::cout << "Connect failed: " << error.message() << "\n"; } }
整个迭代器都在跳舞。但不易出错。
使用 namespace 别名获得可读/可管理的行
using boost::asio::ip::tcp; namespace ba = boost::asio; namespace bap = boost::asio::placeholders; namespace ssl = boost::asio::ssl;
使用智能指针(
删除这个
?呃)考虑使用 1 个 io_service。使用两个并没有增加任何东西,真的,名字也没有澄清任何事情。事实上,盯着你的代码的第一分钟让我理清了客户端和服务器的代码,煞费苦心地验证它们没有错误地使用错误的服务,导致
run()
过早完成.考虑竞争条件。在您的代码中,服务器和客户端独立运行,不同步。 至少添加一个延迟:
boost::this_thread::sleep_for(boost::chrono::seconds(1));
避免
client
在开始接受连接之前连接到server
。优先选择
boost::thread_group
而不是丢失线程:boost::thread_group tg; // ... tg.create_thread(boost::bind(&ba::io_service::run, &io_service_1)); // ... tg.create_thread(boost::bind(&ba::io_service::run, &io_service_2)); // ... tg.join_all();
事实上,使用 1 个 io_service 和 1 个线程,您可以避开上述所有操作(由于 implicit strand,异步操作是同步的)
使用更高级别的标准库功能(例如
std::to_string(int)
而不是std::ostringstream
;如果您不能使用 c++11,使用boost::lexical_cast
或编写您自己的to_string
类型的辅助函数)。如果地址被硬编码为环回,则无需“解析”任何内容:只需连接到
tcp::endpoint{{}, port}
考虑将
ctx
移动到client
中(就像您将server
的 ssl 参数也移动到该类中一样)比原始数组更喜欢 boost::array/std::array(
request_
和reply_
)为什么您读取的字节数与您发送的字节数一样多?你是说
ba::async_read(socket_, ba::buffer(reply_, bytes_transferred), boost::bind(&client::handle_read, this, bap::error, bap::bytes_transferred));
我希望是这样的
ba::async_read(socket_, ba::buffer(reply_, reply.size()), // assuming array<>, see previous boost::bind(&client::handle_read, this, bap::error, bap::bytes_transferred));
再次考虑对
read_some
的组合操作。read_some
可能无法读取完整的请求。考虑预先添加成帧协议(protocol)或发送请求长度。避免代码重复:
async_accept
被编码了两次。而是将其作为一个单独的函数并调用它两次:void do_accept() { session::ptr new_session = boost::make_shared<session>(io_service_, context_); acceptor_.async_accept(new_session->socket(), boost::bind(&server::handle_accept, this, new_session, bap::error)); }
奖金
为接受添加一个截止日期,以便我们可以在某个空闲时间间隔停止服务器
既然您现在正在使用智能指针(不是吗?),那么在此位置添加 session 关闭也很容易 (
session::close()
)让我们以一个的价格做两个客户端,只是为了好玩
//#define BOOST_ASIO_ENABLE_HANDLER_TRACKING 1
#include <boost/asio.hpp>
#include <boost/asio/ssl.hpp>
#include <boost/bind.hpp>
#include <boost/enable_shared_from_this.hpp>
#include <boost/make_shared.hpp>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <iostream>
using boost::asio::ip::tcp;
namespace ba = boost::asio;
namespace bap = boost::asio::placeholders;
namespace ssl = boost::asio::ssl;
namespace bt {
enum { max_length = 1024, idle_timeout_seconds = 2 };
class client {
public:
client(ba::io_service &io_service, tcp::resolver::iterator endpoint_iterator, std::string const& request)
: ctx_(io_service, ssl::context::sslv23),
socket_(io_service, ctx_),
request_(request)
{
ctx_.set_verify_mode(ssl::context::verify_peer);
ctx_.load_verify_file("server.crt");
ba::async_connect(socket_.lowest_layer(), endpoint_iterator,
boost::bind(&client::handle_connect, this, bap::error));
}
void handle_connect(const boost::system::error_code &error) {
std::cout << "handle_connect\n";
if (!error) {
std::cout << "handle_connect No error\n";
socket_.async_handshake(ssl::stream_base::client, boost::bind(&client::handle_handshake, this, bap::error));
} else {
std::cout << "Connect failed: " << error.message() << "\n";
}
}
void handle_handshake(const boost::system::error_code &error) {
std::cout << "client handle_handshake\n";
if (!error) {
ba::async_write(socket_, ba::buffer(request_),
boost::bind(&client::handle_write, this, bap::error, bap::bytes_transferred));
} else {
std::cout << "Handshake failed: " << error.message() << "\n";
}
}
void handle_write(const boost::system::error_code &error, size_t bytes_transferred) {
if (!error) {
ba::async_read(socket_, ba::buffer(reply_, bytes_transferred),
boost::bind(&client::handle_read, this, bap::error, bap::bytes_transferred));
} else {
std::cout << "Write failed: " << error.message() << "\n";
}
}
void handle_read(const boost::system::error_code &error, size_t bytes_transferred) {
if (!error) {
std::cout << "Reply: ";
std::cout.write(reply_.data(), bytes_transferred);
std::cout << "\n";
} else {
std::cout << "Read failed: " << error.message() << "\n";
}
}
private:
ssl::context ctx_;
ssl::stream<tcp::socket> socket_;
std::string request_;
std::array<char, max_length> reply_;
};
class session : public boost::enable_shared_from_this<session> {
public:
using ptr = boost::shared_ptr<session>;
session(ba::io_service &io_service, ssl::context &context) : socket_(io_service, context) {}
typedef ssl::stream<tcp::socket> ssl_socket;
ssl_socket::lowest_layer_type &socket() { return socket_.lowest_layer(); }
void start() {
std::cout << "session start->handshake\n";
socket_.async_handshake(ssl::stream_base::server, boost::bind(&session::handle_handshake, shared_from_this(), bap::error));
}
void handle_handshake(const boost::system::error_code &error) {
std::cout << "session handle_handshake\n";
if (error) return;
socket_.async_read_some(ba::buffer(data_),
boost::bind(&session::handle_read, shared_from_this(), bap::error, bap::bytes_transferred));
}
void handle_read(const boost::system::error_code &error, size_t bytes_transferred) {
if (error) return;
ba::async_write(socket_, ba::buffer(data_, bytes_transferred),
boost::bind(&session::handle_write, shared_from_this(), bap::error));
}
void handle_write(const boost::system::error_code &error) {
if (error) return;
socket_.async_read_some(ba::buffer(data_),
boost::bind(&session::handle_read, shared_from_this(), bap::error, bap::bytes_transferred));
}
void close() {
socket_.get_io_service().post([this] {
std::cout << "session::close()\n";
socket_.lowest_layer().cancel();
socket_.lowest_layer().close();
});
}
~session() { std::cout << "Deleting session\n"; }
private:
ssl_socket socket_;
std::array<char, max_length> data_;
};
class server {
public:
server(ba::io_service &io_service, unsigned short port)
: io_service_(io_service), acceptor_(io_service, tcp::endpoint(tcp::v4(), port)),
context_(io_service, ssl::context::sslv23),
deadline_(io_service)
{
// std::cout << "server()\n";
context_.set_options(ssl::context::default_workarounds | ssl::context::no_sslv2 | ssl::context::single_dh_use);
context_.set_password_callback(boost::bind(&server::get_password, this));
context_.use_certificate_chain_file("server.crt");
context_.use_private_key_file("server.crt", ssl::context::pem);
context_.use_tmp_dh_file("dh2048.pem");
do_accept();
}
~server() { std::cout << "Deleting server\n"; }
std::string get_password() const { return "test"; }
void do_accept() {
session::ptr new_session = boost::make_shared<session>(io_service_, context_);
deadline_.expires_from_now(boost::posix_time::seconds(idle_timeout_seconds));
deadline_.async_wait(boost::bind(&server::handle_deadline, this, bap::error()));
acceptor_.async_accept(new_session->socket(), boost::bind(&server::handle_accept, this, new_session, bap::error));
}
void handle_accept(session::ptr new_session, const boost::system::error_code &error) {
std::cout << "server() handle_accept\n";
if (!error) {
std::cout << "server() handle_accept ok\n";
sessions_.push_back(new_session);
new_session->start();
do_accept();
} else {
std::cout << "server() handle_accept error:" << error.message() << std::endl;
}
}
void handle_deadline(boost::system::error_code ec) {
if (!ec) {
io_service_.post([this] {
// assuming 1 thread runs io_service, no more locking required
std::cout << "server() shutdown after idle timeout\n";
acceptor_.cancel();
acceptor_.close();
for (auto weak_sess : sessions_)
if (auto sess = weak_sess.lock())
sess->close();
});
}
}
private:
ba::io_service &io_service_;
tcp::acceptor acceptor_;
ssl::context context_;
ba::deadline_timer deadline_;
std::vector<boost::weak_ptr<session> > sessions_;
};
} // namespace bt
void accept_ssl_connection_1() {
ba::io_service svc;
int port = 6767;
std::cout << "Port is:" << port << std::endl;
// server
bt::server s(svc, port);
// client
tcp::resolver resolver(svc);
bt::client c(svc, resolver.resolve({"127.0.0.1", std::to_string(port)}), "Hello, I'm Bob");
bt::client d(svc, resolver.resolve({"127.0.0.1", std::to_string(port)}), "Hello, I'm Cindy");
svc.run();
}
int main() {
accept_ssl_connection_1();
}
打印
Port is:6767
server() handle_accept
server() handle_accept ok
session start->handshake
handle_connect
handle_connect No error
handle_connect
handle_connect No error
server() handle_accept
server() handle_accept ok
session start->handshake
session handle_handshake
client handle_handshake
session handle_handshake
client handle_handshake
Reply: Hello, I'm Bob
Reply: Hello, I'm Cindy
server() shutdown after idle timeout
server() handle_accept
server() handle_accept error:Operation canceled
Deleting session
session::close()
session::close()
Deleting session
Deleting session
Deleting server
关于c++ - boost ssl 连接过程失败,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/45812850/