我正在尝试使用 selenium 自动提交表单。但是单击登录时运行的 JavaScript 会导致调用提交时出现异常。 Selenium 将提交定向到本地主机，而不是表单操作。任何人都可以解释为什么会发生这种情况，并请提供如何克服这个问题的解决方案。
这是表格:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" dir="ltr">
<head>
<title>Sign On</title>
<base href="https://machine.place.domain.com:9031/"/>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/>
<meta name="viewport" content="initial-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="assets/css/main.css"/>
</head>
<body onload="setFocus()">
<div class="container signin">
<div class="header">
Sign On
</div>
<div class="body-container">
<div class="section-title">
Please sign on and we'll send you right along.
</div>
<div>
<form method="POST" action="/idp/L0YZK/resumeSAML20/idp/SSO.ping" autocomplete="off">
<div class="messages">
</div>
<div class="input-label">
Username
</div>
<div class="input-container">
<input id="username" type="text" size="36" name="pf.username" value="" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" onKeyPress="return postOnReturn(event)" placeholder="Username" /><!---->
</div>
<div class="input-label">
Password
</div>
<div class="input-container">
<input id="password" type="password" size="36" name="pf.pass" onKeyPress="return postOnReturn(event)" placeholder="Password" />
</div>
<div class="buttons">
<input type="hidden" name="pf.ok" value=""/>
<input type="hidden" name="pf.cancel" value=""/>
<a href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="postCancel();" class="button blue deny" title="Cancel">
Cancel
</a>
<a href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="postOk();" class="button normal allow" title="Sign On">
Sign On
</a>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</div>
<div class="footer-container">
<div class="footer">
<div class="credits">
<a href="http://www.example.com">Example</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
function postOk() {
document.forms[0]['pf.ok'].value = 'clicked';
document.forms[0].submit();
}
function postCancel() {
document.forms[0]['pf.cancel'].value = 'clicked';
document.forms[0].submit();
}
function postOnReturn(e) {
var keycode;
if (window.event) keycode = window.event.keyCode;
else if (e) keycode = e.which;
else return true;
if (keycode == 13) {
document.forms[0].submit();
return false;
} else {
return true;
}
}
function setFocus() {
var platform = navigator.platform;
if(platform != null && platform.indexOf("iPhone") == -1) {
document.getElementById('username').focus();
}
}
function setMobile(mobile) {
var className = ' mobile',
hasClass = (bodyTag.className.indexOf(className) !== -1);
if(mobile && !hasClass) {
bodyTag.className += className;
} else if (!mobile && hasClass) {
bodyTag.className = bodyTag.className.replace(className, '');
}
}
function getScreenWidth() {
return (window.outerHeight) ? window.outerWidth : document.body.clientWidth;
}
var bodyTag = document.getElementsByTagName('body')[0],
width = getScreenWidth(),
remember = false && false;
if(/Android|webOS|iPhone|iPod|BlackBerry|IEMobile|Opera Mini/i.test(navigator.userAgent)) {
setMobile(true);
} else {
setMobile((width <= 480));
window.onresize = function() {
width = getScreenWidth();
setMobile((width <= 480));
}
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
这是我的 Java 代码:
private final static String PF_BASE_URL = "https://machine.place.domain.com";
private final static String PF_PRIMARY_SSL_PORT = "9031";
private final static String PF_START_SSO_ENDPOINT = "/sp/startSSO.ping";
private final static String PARTNER_ENTITY_ID = "LDAPTest:SAML2:IDP";
try{
DesiredCapabilities capability = DesiredCapabilities.internetExplorer();
capability.setJavascriptEnabled(true);
WebDriver driver = new HtmlUnitDriver(capability);
driver.get(PF_BASE_URL + ":" + PF_PRIMARY_SSL_PORT + PF_START_SSO_ENDPOINT + "?" + "PartnerIdpId="+ PARTNER_ENTITY_ID);
HtmlUnitWebElement formElement = (HtmlUnitWebElement) driver.findElement(By.tagName("form"));
String actionURL = formElement.getAttribute("action");
String newactionURL = PF_BASE_URL + ":" + PF_PRIMARY_SSL_PORT + actionURL;
String script = "document.forms[0].action='"+newactionURL+"'";
if(driver instanceof JavascriptExecutor){
((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript(script);
}
HtmlUnitWebElement usernameElement = (HtmlUnitWebElement) driver.findElement(By.id("username"));
usernameElement.sendKeys("user");
HtmlUnitWebElement passwordElement = (HtmlUnitWebElement) driver.findElement(By.id("password"));
passwordElement.sendKeys("password");
List<WebElement> anchors = driver.findElements(By.tagName("a"));
for (int i = 0; i < anchors.size(); i++) {
String title = anchors.get(i).getAttribute("title");
if (title.equalsIgnoreCase("Sign on")) {
anchors.get(i).click();
break;
}
}
driver.close();
} catch (Exception e){
System.out.println(e.tostring());
}
这是堆栈跟踪:
Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.ScriptException: Exception invoking submit
Build info: version: '2.47.1', revision: '411b314', time: '2015-07-30 03:03:16'
System info: host: '********', ip: '***********', os.name: 'Windows 7', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.8.0_40'
Driver info: driver.version: HtmlUnitDriver
at org.openqa.selenium.htmlunit.HtmlUnitDriver.executeScript(HtmlUnitDriver.java:683)
at org.openqa.selenium.htmlunit.HtmlUnitWebElement.submitForm(HtmlUnitWebElement.java:213)
at org.openqa.selenium.htmlunit.HtmlUnitWebElement.submit(HtmlUnitWebElement.java:166)
at org.openqa.selenium.htmlunit.HtmlUnitWebElement.submit(HtmlUnitWebElement.java:184)
at WasteClass.main(WasteClass.java:61)
Caused by: com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.ScriptException: Exception invoking submit
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.javascript.JavaScriptEngine$HtmlUnitContextAction.run(JavaScriptEngine.java:847)
at net.sourceforge.htmlunit.corejs.javascript.Context.call(Context.java:628)
at net.sourceforge.htmlunit.corejs.javascript.ContextFactory.call(ContextFactory.java:513)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.javascript.JavaScriptEngine.callFunction(JavaScriptEngine.java:779)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.javascript.JavaScriptEngine.callFunction(JavaScriptEngine.java:751)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.html.HtmlPage.executeJavaScriptFunctionIfPossible(HtmlPage.java:1008)
at org.openqa.selenium.htmlunit.HtmlUnitDriver.executeScript(HtmlUnitDriver.java:677)
... 4 more
Caused by: com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.ScriptException: Exception invoking submit
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.javascript.JavaScriptEngine$HtmlUnitContextAction.run(JavaScriptEngine.java:847)
at net.sourceforge.htmlunit.corejs.javascript.Context.call(Context.java:628)
at net.sourceforge.htmlunit.corejs.javascript.ContextFactory.call(ContextFactory.java:513)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.javascript.JavaScriptEngine.callFunction(JavaScriptEngine.java:779)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.javascript.JavaScriptEngine.callFunction(JavaScriptEngine.java:751)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.html.HtmlPage.executeJavaScriptFunctionIfPossible(HtmlPage.java:1008)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.javascript.host.event.EventListenersContainer.executeEventHandler(EventListenersContainer.java:234)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.javascript.host.event.EventListenersContainer.executeBubblingListeners(EventListenersContainer.java:254)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.javascript.host.event.EventTarget.fireEvent(EventTarget.java:186)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.html.HtmlElement$1.run(HtmlElement.java:923)
at net.sourceforge.htmlunit.corejs.javascript.Context.call(Context.java:628)
at net.sourceforge.htmlunit.corejs.javascript.ContextFactory.call(ContextFactory.java:513)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.html.HtmlElement.fireEvent(HtmlElement.java:928)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.html.HtmlPage.executeEventHandlersIfNeeded(HtmlPage.java:1316)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.html.HtmlPage.initialize(HtmlPage.java:286)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.WebClient.loadWebResponseInto(WebClient.java:478)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.WebClient.loadDownloadedResponses(WebClient.java:2110)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.javascript.JavaScriptEngine.doProcessPostponedActions(JavaScriptEngine.java:875)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.javascript.JavaScriptEngine.access$500(JavaScriptEngine.java:104)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.javascript.JavaScriptEngine$HtmlUnitContextAction.run(JavaScriptEngine.java:842)
... 10 more
Caused by: com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.ScriptException: Exception invoking submit
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.javascript.JavaScriptEngine$HtmlUnitContextAction.run(JavaScriptEngine.java:847)
at net.sourceforge.htmlunit.corejs.javascript.Context.call(Context.java:628)
at net.sourceforge.htmlunit.corejs.javascript.ContextFactory.call(ContextFactory.java:513)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.javascript.JavaScriptEngine.callFunction(JavaScriptEngine.java:779)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.javascript.JavaScriptEngine.callFunction(JavaScriptEngine.java:751)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.html.HtmlPage.executeJavaScriptFunctionIfPossible(HtmlPage.java:1008)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.javascript.host.event.EventListenersContainer.executeEventHandler(EventListenersContainer.java:234)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.javascript.host.event.EventListenersContainer.executeBubblingListeners(EventListenersContainer.java:254)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.javascript.host.event.EventTarget.fireEvent(EventTarget.java:186)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.html.HtmlElement$1.run(HtmlElement.java:923)
at net.sourceforge.htmlunit.corejs.javascript.Context.call(Context.java:628)
at net.sourceforge.htmlunit.corejs.javascript.ContextFactory.call(ContextFactory.java:513)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.html.HtmlElement.fireEvent(HtmlElement.java:928)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.html.HtmlPage.executeEventHandlersIfNeeded(HtmlPage.java:1316)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.html.HtmlPage.initialize(HtmlPage.java:286)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.WebClient.loadWebResponseInto(WebClient.java:478)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.WebClient.loadDownloadedResponses(WebClient.java:2110)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.javascript.JavaScriptEngine.doProcessPostponedActions(JavaScriptEngine.java:875)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.javascript.JavaScriptEngine.access$500(JavaScriptEngine.java:104)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.javascript.JavaScriptEngine$HtmlUnitContextAction.run(JavaScriptEngine.java:842)
... 29 more
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Exception invoking submit
at net.sourceforge.htmlunit.corejs.javascript.MemberBox.invoke(MemberBox.java:181)
at net.sourceforge.htmlunit.corejs.javascript.FunctionObject.call(FunctionObject.java:449)
at net.sourceforge.htmlunit.corejs.javascript.Interpreter.interpretLoop(Interpreter.java:1536)
at net.sourceforge.htmlunit.corejs.javascript.Interpreter.interpret(Interpreter.java:798)
at net.sourceforge.htmlunit.corejs.javascript.InterpretedFunction.call(InterpretedFunction.java:105)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.javascript.host.event.EventHandler.call(EventHandler.java:82)
at net.sourceforge.htmlunit.corejs.javascript.ContextFactory.doTopCall(ContextFactory.java:411)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.javascript.HtmlUnitContextFactory.doTopCall(HtmlUnitContextFactory.java:309)
at net.sourceforge.htmlunit.corejs.javascript.ScriptRuntime.doTopCall(ScriptRuntime.java:3286)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.javascript.JavaScriptEngine$4.doRun(JavaScriptEngine.java:772)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.javascript.JavaScriptEngine$HtmlUnitContextAction.run(JavaScriptEngine.java:832)
... 48 more
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: org.apache.http.conn.HttpHostConnectException: Connect to localhost:80 [localhost/127.0.0.1, localhost/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1] failed: Connection refused: connect
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.WebClient.download(WebClient.java:2054)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.javascript.host.html.HTMLFormElement.submit(HTMLFormElement.java:355)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497)
at net.sourceforge.htmlunit.corejs.javascript.MemberBox.invoke(MemberBox.java:153)
... 58 more
Caused by: org.apache.http.conn.HttpHostConnectException: Connect to localhost:80 [localhost/127.0.0.1, localhost/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1] failed: Connection refused: connect
at org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator.connect(DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator.java:151)
at org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager.connect(PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager.java:353)
at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec.establishRoute(MainClientExec.java:380)
at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec.execute(MainClientExec.java:236)
at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.ProtocolExec.execute(ProtocolExec.java:184)
at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.RetryExec.execute(RetryExec.java:88)
at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.RedirectExec.execute(RedirectExec.java:110)
at org.apache.http.impl.client.InternalHttpClient.doExecute(InternalHttpClient.java:184)
at org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient.execute(CloseableHttpClient.java:71)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.HttpWebConnection.getResponse(HttpWebConnection.java:184)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.WebClient.loadWebResponseFromWebConnection(WebClient.java:1316)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.WebClient.loadWebResponse(WebClient.java:1233)
at com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.WebClient.download(WebClient.java:2050)
... 64 more
Caused by: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused: connect
at java.net.DualStackPlainSocketImpl.waitForConnect(Native Method)
at java.net.DualStackPlainSocketImpl.socketConnect(DualStackPlainSocketImpl.java:85)
at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.doConnect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:345)
at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connectToAddress(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:206)
at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:188)
at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.connect(PlainSocketImpl.java:172)
at java.net.SocksSocketImpl.connect(SocksSocketImpl.java:392)
at java.net.Socket.connect(Socket.java:589)
at org.apache.http.conn.socket.PlainConnectionSocketFactory.connectSocket(PlainConnectionSocketFactory.java:74)
at org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator.connect(DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator.java:134)
... 76 more
最佳答案
来自 Selenium wiki :
None of the popular browsers uses the javascript engine used by HtmlUnit (Rhino). If you test javascript using HtmlUnit the results may differ significantly from those browsers.
换句话说:如果您依赖 JavaScript，就不要使用 HtmlUnit。如果您需要 headless 浏览器，请考虑 PhantomJS .
关于javascript - Selenium 表格提交，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/32724664/