java - 如何使用 javascript 但没有 deployJava.js 找出 java 版本？

Question

这是一个准后续

Detect version of Java using JavaScript

出于安全原因，我有一个限制，即 javascript 不应初始化 java 插件(也不使用 deployJava，后者又会使用该插件)。

也不应该使用小程序。

我还能如何检测 java 版本？

Answer 1

这是我从 only answer 中拼凑的一些原始脚本在接近有用且不使用部署工具包脚本的链接线程上。

当前的尝试对于支持 navigator 对象的 mimeTypes 和 plugins 的浏览器来说效果很好。对于 IE，它使用 ActiveX(可以检测 JRE 系列)。

javainfo.js

// As a version string, this might be '1.4.2_31'.  
// I.E. it is not a 'number' but a 'string' and therefore must be treated as a string.
var highestVersion = 'undefined';

// not available in IE, but all other known desktop browsers
var mimes = window.navigator.mimeTypes;
// not available in IE, but all other known desktop browsers
var plugins = window.navigator.plugins; 

function isJava() {
    return (
        typeof(navigator.javaEnabled) !== 'undefined' &&
        navigator.javaEnabled());
}

function getVersion() {
    var version = 0;
    if (isJava()) {
        version = 1.1;
    }
    for (var ii=0; ii<mimes.length; ii++) {
        var t = mimes[ii].type;
        if (t.indexOf("java")>0 &&
            t.indexOf("jpi")>0 &&
            t.indexOf("applet")>0
            ) {
            var parts = t.split("=");
            version = parts[parts.length-1];
        }
    }
    if (highestVersion=='undefined') highestVersion = version;
    return version;
}

function isJWS() {
    var ver = highestVersion;
    var className = false;
    if (ver>'1.0') {
        className = undefined;
    }
    if (ver>'1.4.2') {
        className = true;
    }
    return className;
}

function isPlugin2() {
    var ver = highestVersion;
    var className = false;
    if (ver>'1.0') {
        className = undefined;
    }
    if (ver>'1.6.0_10') {
        className = true;
    }
    return className;
}

function getIEVersion() {
    if (testUsingActiveX('1.9.0')) {
        return '1.9.0';
    } else if (testUsingActiveX('1.8.0')) {
        return '1.8.0';
    } else if (testUsingActiveX('1.7.0')) {
        return '1.7.0';
    } else if (testUsingActiveX('1.6.0')) {
        return '1.6.0';
    } else if (testUsingActiveX('1.5.0')) {
        return '1.5.0';
    } else if (testUsingActiveX('1.4.2')) {
        return '1.4.2';
    }
    return false;
}

if (supportsActiveX() && getVersion()=='1.1') {
    highestVersion = getIEVersion();
}

/** This checks directly for the support for ActiveX.  
Internet Explorer 11 completely dropped support for ActiveX. */
function supportsActiveX() {
    return typeof window.ActiveXObject != 'undefined';
}

/*
A fragile way to determine either 'IE' or 'ActiveX support'.
function isIE() {
    // return navigator.appName=='Microsoft Internet Explorer';
    // return navigator.appVersion.indexOf(".NET CLR")>0
    return supportsActiveX();
}
*/

function testUsingActiveX(version) {
    var objectName = 'JavaWebStart.isInstalled.' + version + '.0';

    // we need the typeof check here for this to run on FF/Chrome
    // the check needs to be in place here - cannot even pass ActiveXObject
    // as arg to another function
    if (typeof ActiveXObject == 'undefined' || !ActiveXObject) {
        alert('[testUsingActiveX()] Browser claims to be IE, but no ActiveXObject object?');
        return false;
    }

    try {
        return (new ActiveXObject(objectName) != null);
    } catch (exception) {
        return false;
    }
}

function get3CellRow(cell1, cell2, cell3) {
    var s = "" +
        "<tr>" +
        "<td class='" +
        getClassName(cell1) +
        "'>" +
        cell1 +
        "</td>" +
        getDataStyledCell(cell2) +
        "<td class='" +
        getClassName(cell3) +
        "'>" +
        cell3 +
        "</td>" +
        "</tr>" +
        "";

    return s;
}

function getDataStyledCell(value) {
    var s = "<td class='datum " +
        getClassName(value) +
        "'>" +
        value +
        "</td>";

    return s;
}

function getClassName(val) {
    var className = undefined;

    if (
        (val) ||
        (!val) ||
        (val!=="undefined")
        ) {
        className = val;
    }

    return className;
}

function getBrowserInfo() {
    var s = "";

    var props = [
        'appCodeName','appName','appVersion',
        'userAgent',
        'platform','cookieEnabled'
    ];

    s += "<table border='1'>";
    for (var i=0; i<props.length; i++) {
        s+= "<tr>";
        s+= "<td><b>";
        s+= props[i];
        s+= "</b></td>";
        s+= "<td>";
        s+= navigator[props[i]];
        s+= "</td>";
        s+= "</tr>";
    }
    s += "</table>";

    return s;
}

这是我用来查看结果信息的典型 HTML。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Java Information - Non Deployment Toolkit Script</title>
<meta name='author' content='Andrew Thompson'>
<meta name='description' content='Non Deployment Toolkit Script'>
<script src='javainfo.js'></script>
<style type='text/css'>
.true {
    background-color: #6F6;
}
.false {
    background-color: #FB0;
}
.undefined {
    background-color: #FF0;
}
.datum {
    font-family: monospace;
}

td {
    padding: 4px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>

<h1>Java on this PC</h1>

<h2>Overview</h2>
<p>This page endeavors to ascertain the installation, availability
&amp; version of the Java installed on the client PC.
More importantly, it attempts to discover the information <b>without
invoking the Java Plug-In</b> itself.
The last part is what makes it different
to the Deployment Toolkit Script supplied by Oracle.
</p>

<script type='text/javascript'>

document.write("<h2>Browser Info.</h2>");
document.write(getBrowserInfo());


document.write("<h2>Basic Info.</h2>");
document.write("<table border='1'>");

document.write(get3CellRow('<b>Enabled</b>', isJava(), 'Java is enabled (1.1+) - IE info. (short of ActiveX) stops here'));
document.write(get3CellRow('<b>Version</b>', getVersion(), 'Maximum version reliably <em>known</em> to be available'));
if (supportsActiveX()) {
    document.write(get3CellRow('<b>MSIE</b>', getIEVersion(), 'Maximum version reliably known to be available in IE, tested using ActiveX'));
}
document.write(get3CellRow('<b>JWS</b>', isJWS(), 'Java Web Start available (1.4.2+)'));
document.write(get3CellRow('<b>Plug-In 2</b>', isPlugin2(), 'Plug-In 2 available (1.6.0_10+)'));

document.write("</table>");

if (plugins.length>0) {
    document.write("<h2>Navigator Plug-Ins</h2>");
    document.write("<table border='1'>");
    document.write("<tr><th>Name</th><th>Version</th><th>File Name</th><th>Description</th></tr>");
    for (var ii=0; ii<plugins.length; ii++) {
        var t = plugins[ii].name;
        if (t.indexOf("Java")>-1) {
            document.write("<tr>");
            document.write("<td>" + plugins[ii].name + "</td>");
            document.write(getDataStyledCell(plugins[ii].version));
            document.write("<td>" + plugins[ii].filename + "</td>");
            document.write("<td>" + plugins[ii].description + "</td>");
            document.write("</tr>");
        }
    }
    document.write("</table>");
}

if (mimes.length>0) {
    document.write("<h2>Navigator Mime-Types</h2>");
    document.write("<table border='1'>");
    document.write("<tr><th>Mime</th><th>Description</th><th>Types</th></tr>");
    for (var ii=0; ii<mimes.length; ii++) {
        var t = mimes[ii].type;
        if (t.indexOf("java")>0 &&
            ((t.indexOf("jpi")>0 || t.indexOf("deploy")>0 || t.indexOf("vm")>0) ||
            mimes[ii].description.length>0)
            ) {
            document.write("<tr>");
            document.write("<td>" + mimes[ii].type + "</td>");
            document.write("<td>" + mimes[ii].description + "</td>");
            document.write("<td>" + mimes[ii].suffixes + "</td>");
            document.write("</tr>");
        }
    }
    document.write("</table>");
}
</script>

<hr>

<h2>Description</h2>
<p>In order (if available) the information is:

<ul>
<li><b>Browser info. Table:</b>  Not strictly related to Java - the
information in the other tables is determined without
further reference to any information shown in this table (except for the <code>appName</code> used for
identifying IE).
OTOH it is an helpful guide
as to what we should be <em>expecting</em>
from the other information. E.G.  IE
will not show the Plug-In or Mime Type tables.  <em>Only</em>
FF displays the plug-in version numbers.
</li>
<li><b>Basic info. Table</b>
    <ul>
    <li><b>Enabled</b>:  Java is known to this browser and enabled, according to JavaScript <code>navigator.javaEnabled()</code>.</li>
    <li><b>Version</b>:  The maximum Java version known to be supported in this browser/PC.
    It is set to <code>1.1</code> if the previous check is <code>true</code>, since the MSVM
    was the first Java version the public could get in a browser, and the MSVM
    implemented Java 1.1.  Goes on to check
    <code>application/x-java-applet;jpi-version</code>
    in the mime types if available
    (i.e. typically browsers that are <em>not</em> IE).
    </li>
    <li><b>MSIE</b> (IE Only):  The maximum Java version known to be supported by this instance of Internet Explorer
    as determined using ActiveX.  It runs from 1.4.2, 1.5.0.. through 1.9.0.
    </li>
    <li><b>JWS</b>:
    Inferred from a comparison of the version to the Sun JRE in which
    it was co-bundled or introduced.</li>
    <li><b>Plug-In 2</b>:
    Inferred from a comparison of the version to the Sun JRE in which
    it was co-bundled or introduced.</li>
    </ul>
</li>
<li><b>Navigator Object Tables:</b>
    <em>The rest of the info. is gleaned from the <code>navigator</code> object.
    IE does not include this information.</em>
    <ul>
    <li><b>Plug-Ins</b>: More details of the Java related plugins.
    Filtered for <code>Java</code> in the <code>name</code>.
    A <code>description</code> showing "Next Generation Java Plug-in" or <code>name</code>
    "Java Deployment Toolkit" should be 1.6.0_10+.</li>
    <li><b>Mime-Types</b>: More information on the Java related Mime-Types.
    Filtered in <code>mime</code> field for <code>'java'</code> + <code>('jpi'||'vm'||'deploy')</code>
    or a non-empty <code>description</code>.
    The value <code>java-deployment-toolkit</code> in the <code>mime</code>
    is a good indicator of 1.6.0_10+.
    </li>
    </ul>
</li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>

输出

火狐

Browser Info.
appCodeName Mozilla
appName Netscape
appVersion  5.0 (Windows)
userAgent   Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:23.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/23.0
platform    Win32
cookieEnabled   true

Basic Info.
Enabled true    Java is enabled (1.1+) - IE info. stops here
Version 1.7.0_25    Maximum version reliably known to be available
JWS true    Java Web Start available (1.4.2+)
Plug-In 2   true    Plug-In 2 available (1.6.0_10+)

Navigator Plug-Ins
Name    Version File Name   Description
Java(TM) Platform SE 7 U25  10.25.2.17  npjp2.dll   Next Generation Java Plug-in 10.25.2 for Mozilla browsers
Java Deployment Toolkit 7.0.250.17  10.25.2.17  npdeployJava1.dll   NPRuntime Script Plug-in Library for Java(TM) Deploy

Navigator Mime-Types
Mime    Description Types
application/x-java-applet   Java Applet 
application/x-java-bean JavaBeans   
application/x-java-vm       
application/x-java-applet;jpi-version=1.7.0_25      
application/x-java-bean;jpi-version=1.7.0_25        
application/x-java-vm-npruntime     
application/x-java-applet;deploy=10.25.2        
application/java-deployment-toolkit     

Chrome

Browser Info.
appCodeName Mozilla
appName Netscape
appVersion  5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/28.0.1500.95 Safari/537.36
userAgent   Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/28.0.1500.95 Safari/537.36
platform    Win32
cookieEnabled   true

Basic Info.
Enabled true    Java is enabled (1.1+) - IE info. stops here
Version 1.7.0_25    Maximum version reliably known to be available
JWS true    Java Web Start available (1.4.2+)
Plug-In 2   true    Plug-In 2 available (1.6.0_10+)

Navigator Plug-Ins
Name    Version File Name   Description
Java(TM) Platform SE 7 U25  undefined   npjp2.dll   Next Generation Java Plug-in 10.25.2 for Mozilla browsers
Java Deployment Toolkit 7.0.250.17  undefined   npDeployJava1.dll   NPRuntime Script Plug-in Library for Java(TM) Deploy

Navigator Mime-Types
Mime    Description Types
application/x-java-applet   Java Applet 
application/x-java-bean JavaBeans   
application/x-java-vm       
application/x-java-applet;jpi-version=1.7.0_25      
application/x-java-bean;jpi-version=1.7.0_25        
application/x-java-vm-npruntime     
application/x-java-applet;deploy=10.25.2        
application/java-deployment-toolkit     

(注意: Navigator Mime-Types 从图像中裁剪，因为它与 FF 的信息相同。)

互联网浏览器

Browser Info.
appCodeName Mozilla 
appName Microsoft Internet Explorer 
appVersion 5.0 (compatible; MSIE 10.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/6.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; AskTbORJ/5.15.25.36191) 
userAgent Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 10.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/6.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; AskTbORJ/5.15.25.36191) 
platform Win32 
cookieEnabled true 

Basic Info.
Enabled true Java is enabled (1.1+) - IE info. (short of ActiveX) stops here 
Version 1.1 Maximum version reliably known to be available 
MSIE 1.7.0 Maximum version reliably known to be available in IE, tested using ActiveX 
JWS true Java Web Start available (1.4.2+) 
Plug-In 2 true Plug-In 2 available (1.6.0_10+) 

Internet Explorer 11+

Internet Explorer 11 已放弃对 ActiveX 的支持，因此它可能会这样显示。

从好的方面来说，如果这是 Internet Explorer 11+ 并且启用了 Java，则至少会安装 Java 1.7.0。 Java 自 Java 1.6 以来一直默认为自动更新。所以这个浏览器在逻辑上(至少在默认选项下)会拥有最新的 JRE 版本。