python - 无法在 Django 上使用 SSL 连接到 PostgreSQL

Question

我的 Django 应用程序托管在一台服务器上，我的 PostgreSQL 数据库托管在另一台服务器上。我希望两台服务器之间的通信强制通过 SSL。

我在Django的settings.py中的数据库配置:

'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
        'NAME': os.environ.get("DB_NAME"),
        'USER': os.environ.get("DB_USER"),
        'PASSWORD': os.environ.get("DB_PASS"),
        'HOST': os.environ.get("DB_HOST"),
        'PORT': '5432',
        'OPTIONS': {
                 'sslmode': 'verify-full',
                 'sslrootcert': '/home/{user}/.postgresql/default_root.crt',
                 'sslcert': '/home/{user}/.postgresql/default.crt',
                 'sslkey': '/home/{user}/.postgresql/default.key',
                },
    }

我在 pg_hba.conf 文件中的配置:

hostssl {DB_NAME}   {DB_USER}   {DJANGO_SERVER_IP}        md5 clientcert=1

运行 python manage.py dbshel​​l --database default 会抛出以下错误:

psql: FATAL:  connection requires a valid client certificate
FATAL:  no pg_hba.conf entry for host "{DB_HOST}", user "{DB_USER}", database "{DB_NAME}", SSL off

完整的错误回溯:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 20, in <module>
    main()
  File "manage.py", line 16, in main
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "/home/{user}/.virtualenvs/{project_name}/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 381, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/home/{user}/.virtualenvs/{project_name}/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 375, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "/home/{user}/.virtualenvs/{project_name}/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 323, in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
  File "/home/{user}/.virtualenvs/{project_name}/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 364, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "/home/{user}/.virtualenvs/{project_name}/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/dbshell.py", line 22, in handle
    connection.client.runshell()
  File "/home/{user}/.virtualenvs/{project_name}/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/postgresql/client.py", line 71, in runshell
    DatabaseClient.runshell_db(self.connection.get_connection_params())
  File "/home/{user}/.virtualenvs/{project_name}/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/postgresql/client.py", line 61, in runshell_db
    subprocess.check_call(args)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/subprocess.py", line 311, in check_call
    raise CalledProcessError(retcode, cmd)
subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command '['psql', '-U', '{DB_USER}', '-h', '{DB_HOST}', '-p', '5432', '{DB_NAME}']' returned non-zero exit status 2.

但是，当我运行 psycopg2.connect("host={DB_HOST} dbname={DB_NAME} user={DB_USER} password={DB_PASS} sslmode=verify-full sslcert=/home/{user}/.postgresql/default.crt sslkey=/home/{user}/.postgresql/default.key sslrootcert=/home/{user}/.postgresql/default_root.crt") 在Django python shell中，连接即可成立。

此外，openssl verify -CAfile default_root.crt default.crt 显示 default.crt: OK。

任何帮助将不胜感激。提前致谢!

Answer 1

这个错误(对于 dbshel​​l)似乎在 6 个月前解决了， https://code.djangoproject.com/ticket/30370

你能检查一下你的django版本吗，也许是旧版本

我还注意到，在代码测试中，他们对 ssl 模式使用了“verify-ca”