sql - postgres 中使用不同计数的慢速查询

Question

我的目标是创建一个查询，返回 365 天窗口内进行过购买的唯一客户的计数。我在 postgres 中创建了下面的查询，结果查询非常慢。我的表有 812,024 行，仅包含订单日期和客户 ID。当我删除 unique 语句时，我可以让查询在大约 60 秒内返回结果，有了它，我还没有完成。我在 (order_date, id) 上创建了一个索引。我对 SQL 完全是个新手，这确实是我第一次用它做任何事情，在尝试了一整天寻找这个问题的解决方案之后，我找不到任何可以工作的东西，尽管我已经看到很多关于distinct 性能缓慢的情况。

SELECT
    (d1.Ordered) AS Ordered,
    COUNT(distinct d2.ID) Users
FROM
(
    SELECT order_date AS Ordered
    FROM orders
    GROUP BY order_date
) d1 
INNER JOIN
(
    SELECT order_date AS Ordered, id
    FROM orders
) d2
ON d2.Ordered BETWEEN d1.Ordered - 364 AND d1.Ordered
GROUP BY d1.Ordered
ORDER BY d1.Ordered

"Sort  (cost=3541596.30..3541596.80 rows=200 width=29)"
"  Sort Key: orders_1.order_date"
"  ->  HashAggregate  (cost=3541586.66..3541588.66 rows=200 width=29)"
"        ->  Nested Loop  (cost=16121.73..3040838.52 rows=100149627 width=29)"
"              ->  HashAggregate  (cost=16121.30..16132.40 rows=1110 width=4)"
"                    ->  Seq Scan on orders orders_1  (cost=0.00..14091.24 rows=812024 width=4)"
"              ->  Index Only Scan using x on orders  (cost=0.43..1822.70 rows=90225 width=29)"
"                    Index Cond: ((order_date >= (orders_1.order_date - 364)) AND (order_date <= orders_1.order_date))"

Answer 1

不需要自连接，使用generate_series

select
    g.order_date as "Ordered",
    count(distinct o.id) as "Users"
from
    generate_series(
        (select min(order_date) from orders),
        (select max(order_date) from orders),
        '1 day'
    ) g (order_date)
    left join
    orders o on o.order_date between g.order_date - 364 and g.order_date
group by 1
order by 1