python-3.x - 连接拒绝在 docker 上使用 Postgresql

Question

我正在尝试通过 psycopg2 连接到 postgres docker 容器，但我一直收到同样的错误。

我在 jupyter(docker 容器)上执行此操作，我重新启动了几次 postgres 容器，并将 postgresql.config listen_addresses = '*' 更改为 listen_addresses = 'localhost' 还是一样的错误。

这是 docker 运行命令:

docker run --name postgres -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=xxxxxxx -d -p 5432:5432 -v $HOME/docker/volumes/postgres:/var/lib/postgresql/data  postgres

python

import psycopg2 as pg
connection = pg.connect("host=localhost dbname=easy_cleaning user=root")

我希望连接，但出现此错误:

----> 3 connection = pg.connect("host=localhost dbname=easy_cleaning user=root")

/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/psycopg2/__init__.py in connect(dsn, connection_factory, cursor_factory, **kwargs)
    124 
    125     dsn = _ext.make_dsn(dsn, **kwargs)
--> 126     conn = _connect(dsn, connection_factory=connection_factory, **kwasync)
    127     if cursor_factory is not None:
    128         conn.cursor_factory = cursor_factory

OperationalError: could not connect to server: Connection refused
    Is the server running on host "localhost" (127.0.0.1) and accepting
    TCP/IP connections on port 5432?
could not connect to server: Cannot assign requested address
    Is the server running on host "localhost" (::1) and accepting
    TCP/IP connections on port 5432?

Answer 1

在您的配置中，您的容器不在本地主机上，Docker 为它创建了一个私有(private) IP。所以你需要运行:

docker inspect postgres

然后寻找要在您的连接中使用的 IPAddress 字段:

connection = pg.connect("host=<DOCKER_IP_ADDRESS> dbname=easy_cleaning user=root")

或

您可以使用 docker-compose 将图像作为服务运行，并且每个服务都有自己的名称，可以在您的连接中用作主机名，例如:

connection = pg.connect("host=postgres dbname=easy_cleaning user=root")

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