go - Go 中的相对导入

Question

我有一个go项目，目录结构如下

utils(pkg)
   | auth.go (has a function names test1)
controllers(pkg)
   | login.go (has a function names test2)

我正在尝试从 login.go 访问函数 test1。这是我所做的

import "../utils"

func test2(c *gin.Context) bool{
      utils.test1()
}

但我总是得到 Unresolved reference test1。我是新来的。谁能帮助我为什么会收到此错误？

Answer 1

Go 中没有相对导入。
考虑到 GOPATH，你应该使用绝对路径:

GOPATH 环境变量指定工作区的位置。它可能是您在开发 Go 代码时需要设置的唯一环境变量。首先，创建一个工作区目录并相应地设置 GOPATH。见:https://golang.org/doc/code.html#GOPATH

Import paths

An import path is a string that uniquely identifies a package. A package's import path corresponds to its location inside a workspace or in a remote repository (explained below).

The packages from the standard library are given short import paths such as "fmt" and "net/http". For your own packages, you must choose a base path that is unlikely to collide with future additions to the standard library or other external libraries.

If you keep your code in a source repository somewhere, then you should use the root of that source repository as your base path. For instance, if you have a GitHub account at github.com/user, that should be your base path.

Note that you don't need to publish your code to a remote repository before you can build it. It's just a good habit to organize your code as if you will publish it someday. In practice you can choose any arbitrary path name, as long as it is unique to the standard library and greater Go ecosystem.

示例:

本示例假设您已在操作系统环境中设置 GOPATH=/goworkdir。

文件:goworkdir/src/project1/utils/auth.go

package utils

func Test1() string {
    return "Test1"
}

文件:goworkdir/src/project1/controllers/login.go

package controllers

import "project1/utils"

func Test2() string {
    return utils.Test1()
}

文件:goworkdir/src/project1/main.go

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "project1/controllers"
)

func main() {
    fmt.Println(controllers.Test2())
}

现在如果你 go run main.go 你应该会看到输出:

Test1