ios - 使用可选的存储属性快速初始化结构

Question

我是 Swift 新手，我正在尝试使用具有可选属性的结构。我进行了相当多的搜索并得到了一些有用的东西，但感觉效率极低，所以想知道是否有更好/更易于管理的方法来实现我的目标。

我想使用 Structs 来表示一个企业，但我事先不知道任何特定企业可能具有哪些属性组合。这似乎意味着我必须为每个可能的参数组合创建一个 init()。

这是一个简化的例子(我有更多的属性):

import Foundation

struct Business {
    let name : String
    var web : String?
    var address: String?

    // just the business name
    init(busName: String) {
        self.name = busName
    }

    // business name + website
    init(busName: String, website: String) {
        self.name = busName
        self.web = website
    }

    // business name + address
    init(busName: String, address: String) {
        self.name = busName
        self.address = address
    }

    // business name + website + address
    init(busName: String, website: String, address: String) {
        self.name = busName
        self.web = website
        self.address = address
    }
}

然后我可以像这样初始化类:

Business(busName: "Dave's Cafe", website: "http://www.davescafe.com")

Business(busName: "Sarah's Brewhouse", address: "41 Acacia Ave, Smalltown")

没有办法创建某种参数可选的 init() 吗？如果您能指出要搜索的术语或概念的方向，那就太好了。

Answer 1

使用默认值:

init(busName: String, website: String? = nil, address: String? = nil) {
    self.name = busName
    self.web = website
    self.address = address
}

然后你可以这样调用init:

_ = Business(busName: "Foo")
_ = Business(busName: "Foo", website: "www.foo.bar")
_ = Business(busName: "Foo", address: "bar")
_ = Business(busName: "Foo", website: "www.foo.bar", address: "bar")