我正在尝试从 .xlsx 文件生成 json 文件。
到目前为止,我能够从文件中获取数据,但我不确定如何使用 jinja2 将它们放入 json 中。模板结构有问题。我该如何解决这个问题?
输出应该是这样的
"Matches": {
"1": {
"time": "19:00",
"teams": "Team 1 - Team 2"
},
"2": {
"time": "21:00",
"teams": "Team 3 - Team 4"
},
...
...
...
}
我的代码是这样的。显然模板部分是错误的。
from openpyxl import load_workbook
from jinja2 import Template
start_coloumn_of_matches = 3
end_coloumn_of_matches = 20
wb = load_workbook(filename = 'myfile.xlsx')
sheet_ranges = wb['Sheet1']
keys = []
teams = []
times = []
for x in range(start_coloumn_of_matches, end_coloumn_of_matches + 1):
team_column = 'A' + str(x)
time_column = 'D' + str(x)
teams.append(sheet_ranges[team_column].value)
times.append(sheet_ranges[time_column].value)
keys.append(x)
template = Template('''
"Matches": {
{% for key in keys %}
"{{key}}":
{% endfor %}
{
{% for team in teams %}
"teams": "{{team}}",
{% endfor %}
{% for time in times %}
"time": "{{time}}"
{% endfor %}
}
},
''' )
print(template.render(teams = teams, times = times, keys = keys))
最佳答案
手动构建 json 存在意外生成无效 json 字符串的风险。使用工具来执行此操作更安全,并且可以使您的模板不那么困惑。
如果您使用的是 Jinja 2.9 或更高版本,您可以使用内置的 tojson过滤以自动将 Python 对象* 转换为 json。
>>> import pprint
>>> # Construct some test data
>>> matches = ['1', '2', '3']
>>> times = ['19:00', '21:00', '23:00']
>>> teams = ['Team 1 - Team 2', 'Team 3 - Team 4', 'Team 5 - Team 6']
>>> # Combine the data structures to match the required output
>>> match_data = [dict(zip(['time', 'team'], pair)) for pair in zip(times, teams)]
>>> combined = {x: y for x, y in zip(matches, match_data)}
>>> pprint.pprint(combined)
{'1': {'team': 'Team 1 - Team 2', 'time': '19:00'},
'2': {'team': 'Team 3 - Team 4', 'time': '21:00'},
'3': {'team': 'Team 5 - Team 6', 'time': '23:00'}}
>>> template = jinja2.Template("""{{ matches | tojson(indent=2) }}""")
>>> print(template.render(matches=combined))
{
"1": {
"team": "Team 1 - Team 2",
"time": "19:00"
},
"2": {
"team": "Team 3 - Team 4",
"time": "21:00"
},
"3": {
"team": "Team 5 - Team 6",
"time": "23:00"
}
}
对于早期的 Jinja 版本,使用 json 构造 json在 Python 的标准库中打包,然后在您的模板中呈现 json。
>>> import json
>>> # Serialise our object as json; setting the indent argument gives
>>> # the pretty printed format that we want.
>>> jdata = json.dumps(combined, indent=2)
>>> print(jdata)
{
"1": {
"time": "19:00",
"team": "Team 1 - Team 2"
},
"2": {
"time": "21:00",
"team": "Team 3 - Team 4"
},
"3": {
"time": "23:00",
"team": "Team 5 - Team 6"
}
}
>>> # Pass the json to the template for rendering.
>>> template = jinja2.Template("""{{ matches }}""")
>>> print(template.render(matches=jdata))
{
"1": {
"time": "19:00",
"team": "Team 1 - Team 2"
},
"2": {
"time": "21:00",
"team": "Team 3 - Team 4"
},
"3": {
"time": "23:00",
"team": "Team 5 - Team 6"
}
}
* 过滤器仅处理原语 AFAICT;例如,如果您的数据包括日期时间,您需要先将它们字符串化。
关于python - 如何使用 Jinja2 模板引擎生成 json,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/48632585/