python - 是否可以使用 Django 的固定装置更改现有数据？

Question

我在测试中使用 Django 的固定装置。我需要创建 UserProfile fixture。第一个问题是它指向用户条目。为了处理它，我使用自然键。所以我只是说 UserProfile fixture 的用户字段是 User fixture 的实际用户名。

[
    {
        "pk": 8002,
        "model": "auth.user",
        "fields": {
            "date_joined": "2012-08-28 10:00:00.000000+00:00",
            "email": "",
            "first_name": "",
            "groups": [],
            "is_active": true,
            "is_staff": false,
            "is_superuser": false,
            "last_login": "2012-08-28 10:00:00.000000+00:00",
            "last_name": "",
            "password": "pbkdf2_sha256$10000$ltmEKsdCPjuK$74ZwNUh8rqFAPZ6+Cmi3tc8A94ueeXTplFqOQKlY4hc=",
            "user_permissions": [],
            "username": "user8002"
        }
    },
    {
        "pk": null,
        "model": "spam_and_eggs.userprofile",
        "fields": {
            "user": ["user8002"],
            "language": "",
            "email_activated": true
        }
     }
]

不幸的是，它返回一个错误:

IntegrityError: Could not load share4you.UserProfile(pk=None): column user_id is not unique

第二个问题来了。我认为它可能会失败，因为在使用 Django 的信号创建用户时会自动创建 UserProfile，而 fixture 会失败，因为该用户的 UserProfile 已经创建。会是这个原因吗？有什么办法可以解决吗？

感谢任何建议!

编辑#1:

模型和信号:

class UserProfile(models.Model):
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, unique=True)
    language = models.CharField(max_length=255, null=True, blank=True)
    email_activated = models.BooleanField()

@receiver(post_save, sender=User)
def create_profile(instance, created, **kwargs):
    if created:
        UserProfile.objects.get_or_create(user=instance)

用户模型是 django.contrib.auth.models.User。

Answer 1

Is it possible to alter existing data with Django's fixtures?

当然，如果 fixture 有一个存在于数据库中的 pk，django 将进行更新。

user = models.ForeignKey(User, unique=True)

这很有趣，在那种情况下为什么不用 OneToOneField 呢？

>>> a=User.objects.all()[0]

>>> a.userprofile_set.all()
[<UserProfile: UserProfile object>]

>> a.userprofile_set.create(language='bar')
IntegrityError: column user_id is not unique

IntegrityError: Could not load share4you.UserProfile(pk=None): column user_id is not unique

• 代替pk=null，设置一个实数
• 您应该设置 "user": 8002 而不是 "user": ["user8002"]。

I think that it may fail because UserProfile is automatically created when user is created using Django's signals and fixture fails because UserProfile for that User is already created.

我无法重现此行为。这些装置可以很好地加载和重新加载您的模型:

[
    {
        "pk": 1,
        "model": "auth.user",
        "fields": {
            "username": "jpic",
            "first_name": "",
            "last_name": "",
            "is_active": true,
            "is_superuser": true,
            "is_staff": true,
            "last_login": "2012-06-11T06:44:57.637Z",
            "groups": [],
            "user_permissions": [],
            "password": "pbkdf2_sha256$10000$KzsUTACvZgJU$qvywXdVv/N3s5lifS/gQxSGog36ExGbuj2U+IQ6aUNk=",
            "email": "t@tt.tt",
            "date_joined": "2012-06-11T06:44:57.637Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "pk": 1,
        "model": "test_app.userprofile",
        "fields": {
            "language": "example.com",
            "user": 1
        }
    }
]

此外，这里还有另一种创建 UserProfile 类的可能性，使用 django-annoying :

from annoying.fields import AutoOneToOneField


class UserProfile(models.Model):
    user = AutoOneToOneField('auth.User', primary_key=True)
    home_page = models.URLField(max_length=255, blank=True)