python - 如何将具有数组数据的 csv 文件转换为 json 文件？

Question

我有一个包含许多列的 CSV 文件。 一些列是相同的，但我想将它们转换为一个 JSON 对象，它们都位于同一个数组下。

例如在 CSV 中:

firstname,lastname,pet,pet,pet
Joe, Dimaggio, dog, cat
Pete, Rose, turtle, cat
Jackie, Robinson, dog

我希望 JSON 是

{ firstname: Joe,
  lastname: Dimaggio,
  pets: ["dog", "cat"]
},
{ firstname: Pete,
  lastname: Rose,
  pets: ["turtle", "cat"]
},
{ firstname: Jackie,
  lastname: Robinson,
  pets: ["dog"]
}

我正在尝试编写一个简单的 Python 脚本来执行此操作，但我遇到了问题。

这是我到目前为止所得到的:

import csv
import json

csvfile = open('userdata.csv', 'r')
jsonfile = open('userdata.json', 'w')

fieldnames = ("firstname", "lastname", "pet", "pet", "pet");
reader = csv.DictReader( csvfile, fieldnames)
record = {}
for row in reader:
    record['firstname'] = row['firstname']
    record['lastname'] = row['lastname']
    record['pets'] = json.JSONEncoder().encode({"pets": [row['pet'], row['pet'], row['pet'], row['pet'], row['pet']]});
    json.dump(record, jsonfile, indent=4)
    ##json.dump(json.loads(json.JSONEncoder(record)), jsonfile, indent=4)
print "something worked"

但这很有趣，因为它将 pets 作为数组打印在一个名为 pets 的对象中。

我不知道如何在对象`pets 之外获取数组pets。它还向数组项添加反斜杠

{
    "firstname": "Joe",
    "lastname": "Dimaggio", 
    "pets": "{\"pets\": [\"dog\", \"cat\"]}"
}

Answer 1

这是因为您对其进行编码，然后使用 json.dumps，这基本上是对它进行两次编码。删除 json.JSONEncoder().encode(...) 它应该可以正常工作。

import csv
import json

csvfile = open('userdata.csv', 'r')
jsonfile = open('userdata.json', 'w')

fieldnames = ("firstname", "lastname", "pet", "pet", "pet");
reader = csv.DictReader( csvfile, fieldnames)
record = {}
for row in reader:
    record['firstname'] = row['firstname']
    record['lastname'] = row['lastname']
    record['pets'] = [[row['pet'], row['pet'], row['pet'], row['pet'], row['pet']]
    # Remove blank entries
    record['pets'] = [x for x in record['pets'] if x is not '']
    json.dumps(record, jsonfile, indent=4)
print "something worked"

您看到的反斜杠来自于对 json 字符串进行转义，这是对它进行两次序列化的结果。