python - Django 1.9 检查电子邮件是否已经存在

Question

我的站点已设置，因此没有用户名(或者说 user.username = user.email)。如果用户尝试输入数据库中已有的用户名，Django 会显示一条错误消息，但是由于我没有使用用户名进行注册，所以我不知道该怎么做。

就像默认设置一样，我不想重新加载页面以查看是否有电子邮件地址已与用户关联。我的猜测是使用 Ajax，但我不知道该怎么做。我看过其他帖子，但最近似乎没有任何内容。

我如何检查电子邮件地址是否已存在，如果存在，则给出错误消息让用户输入新的电子邮件地址？

模型.py:

class MyUsers(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(User)
    first_name = models.CharField(max_length=100, blank=True)
    last_name = models.CharField(max_length=100, blank=True)
    email = models.EmailField(max_length=100, blank=True, unique=True)
    company = models.CharField(max_length=100, blank=True, null=True)
    website = models.URLField(max_length=100, blank=True, null=True)
    phone_number = models.CharField(max_length=100, blank=True, null=True)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.user.username

表单.py:

class UserForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ('email',)


class UserProfileForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = UserProfile
        fields = ('first_name', 'last_name', 'company', 'website', 'phone_number')

views.py:

def index(request):
    registered = False

    if request.method == 'POST':
        user_form = UserForm(data=request.POST)
        profile_form = UserProfileForm(data=request.POST)

        if user_form.is_valid() and profile_form.is_valid():
            user = user_form.save()
            user.set_password(user.password)
            user.password = ""
            user.username = user.email
            user.save()

            profile = profile_form.save(commit=False)
            profile.user = user
            profile.email = user.email
            profile.save()

            user.first_name = profile.first_name
            user.last_name = profile.last_name
            user.save()

            registered = True
            return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('registration'))
        else:
            print user_form.errors, profile_form.errors
    else:
        user_form = UserForm()
        profile_form = UserProfileForm1()

    context = {'user_form': user_form, 'profile_form': profile_form, 'registered': registered}
    return render(request, 'mysite/register.html', context)

注册.html:

{% extends 'mysite/base.html' %}
{% load staticfiles %}

{% block title_block %}
    Register
{% endblock %}

{% block head_block %}
{% endblock %}

{% block body_block %}    
    <form id="user_form" method="post" action="/mysite/" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        {% csrf_token %}
        {{ user_form.as_p }}
        {{ profile_form.as_p }}

        <input type="submit" name="submit" value="Register" />
    </form>
{% endblock %}

Answer 1

您可以覆盖 clean_<INSERT_FIELD_HERE>() UserForm 上的方法检查这个特殊情况。它看起来像这样:

forms.py:

class UserForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ('email',)

    def clean_email(self):
        # Get the email
        email = self.cleaned_data.get('email')

        # Check to see if any users already exist with this email as a username.
        try:
            match = User.objects.get(email=email)
        except User.DoesNotExist:
            # Unable to find a user, this is fine
            return email

        # A user was found with this as a username, raise an error.
        raise forms.ValidationError('This email address is already in use.')

class UserProfileForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = UserProfile
        fields = ('first_name', 'last_name', 'company', 'website', 'phone_number')

您可以在 Django documentation 中阅读有关清理表单中特定字段的更多信息关于表格。

也就是说，我认为您应该考虑创建一个 custom user model而不是对待你的 User Profile类作为 User 的包装器.