python - matplotlib barplot 的最后一个栏被填充了一半

Question

我正在使用 matplotlib 为我的论文创建图表。我正在使用以下代码:

import numpy as np
import numpy as np
import matplotlib as mpl
mpl.use('pgf')

fig_width_pt = 390  # Get this from LaTeX using \showthe\columnwidth
inches_per_pt = 1.0/72.27               # Convert pt to inch
golden_mean = (np.sqrt(5)-1.0)/2.0         # Aesthetic ratio
fig_width = fig_width_pt*inches_per_pt  # width in inches
fig_height = fig_width*golden_mean      # height in inches
fig_size =  [fig_width,fig_height]

pgf_with_latex = {                      # setup matplotlib to use latex for output
    "pgf.texsystem": "pdflatex",        # change this if using xetex or lautex
    "text.usetex": True,                # use LaTeX to write all text
    "font.family": "serif",
    "font.serif": [],                   # blank entries should cause plots to inherit fonts from the document
    "font.sans-serif": [],
    "font.monospace": [],
    "axes.labelsize": 10,               # LaTeX default is 10pt font.
    "text.fontsize": 10,
    "legend.fontsize": 8,               # Make the legend/label fonts a little smaller
    "xtick.labelsize": 8,
    "ytick.labelsize": 8,
    "figure.figsize": fig_size,
    'axes.linewidth': .5,
    'lines.linewidth': .5,
    'patch.linewidth': .5,
    "pgf.preamble": [
        r"\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc}",    # use utf8 fonts becasue your computer can handle it :)
        ]
    }
mpl.rcParams.update(pgf_with_latex)

import matplotlib.mlab as mlab
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import colorsys

def savefig(filename):
    plt.savefig('{}.pgf'.format(filename))
    plt.savefig('{}.pdf'.format(filename))

# setup
title = 'Clustering after salting out'
ylabel = '% of total colloids'
xlabel = 'Cluster size'
xticklabels = ('1','2','3','4','5','6','7','5+')
legend = ['10min', '20min','30min']

# read data from files
# skipped this part for legibility

# calculations with data, skipped for legibility

# plot it in a bar plot
N = len(ys[0])

ind = np.arange(0, N+1, 1.2)  # the x locations for the groups
width = 0.35       # the width of the bars

# generate colours
hsv_colours = [(x*1.0/N, 0.8, 0.8) for x in range(N)]
rgb_colours = map(lambda x: colorsys.hsv_to_rgb(*x), hsv_colours)

fig, ax = plt.subplots()
rects = [ax.bar([x+i*width for x in ind], y, width, color=rgb_colours[i], yerr=errors_percentage[i]) for i,y in enumerate(ys)]

# add some info
ax.set_ylabel(ylabel)
ax.set_xlabel(xlabel)
ax.set_title(title)
ax.set_xticks(ind+width)
ax.set_xticklabels(xticklabels)
ax.axis([0,7,0,60])
ax.legend(rects, legend)

savefig('tpm_cluster_statistics')

生成的输出如下所示:

如您所见，条形图的最后一个条没有完全填满。我需要一些其他设置才能使其正常工作吗？ 目标是创建一个 PGF 文件以包含在 LaTex 文档中。 PDF 文件仅供预览。部分填充的条在 PDF 和 PGF 文件中都有。 非常感谢任何帮助!

编辑: 回复 tcaswell:这是您可以在计算机上尝试的最小工作示例:

import numpy as np
import numpy as np
import matplotlib as mpl
mpl.use('pgf')

pgf_with_latex = {                      # setup matplotlib to use latex for output
    "pgf.texsystem": "pdflatex",        # change this if using xetex or lautex
    "text.usetex": True,                # use LaTeX to write all text
    }
mpl.rcParams.update(pgf_with_latex)

import matplotlib.mlab as mlab
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import colorsys

def savefig(filename):
    plt.savefig('{}.pgf'.format(filename))
    plt.savefig('{}.pdf'.format(filename))

# setup
title = 'Title'
ylabel = 'x'
xlabel = 'y'
xticklabels = ('1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8')
legend = ['1', '2','3']

#data
ys = [[51.63593099345628, 28.911362284354553, 12.135633551457465, 4.521118381915526, 1.189767995240928, 0.7138607971445567, 0.41641879833432477, 0.4759071980963712], [46.66359871145882, 21.445006902899216, 14.496088357109988, 7.363092498849516, 4.1417395306028535, 3.313391624482283, 0.0, 2.577082374597331], [52.642595499738356, 22.39665096807954, 12.087912087912088, 7.744636316064887, 2.3547880690737837, 1.5698587127158554, 0.3663003663003663, 0.837257980115123]]

# plot it in a bar plot
N = len(ys[0])

ind = np.arange(0, N+1, 1.2)  # the x locations for the groups
width = 0.35       # the width of the bars

fig, ax = plt.subplots()
rects = [ax.bar([x+i*width for x in ind], y, width) for i,y in enumerate(ys)]

# add some info
ax.set_ylabel(ylabel)
ax.set_xlabel(xlabel)
ax.set_title(title)
ax.set_xticks(ind+width)
ax.set_xticklabels(xticklabels)
ax.axis([0,7,0,60])
ax.legend(rects, legend)

savefig('tpm_cluster_statistics')

然后结果是这样的:

但是当我删除这些行时:

mpl.use('pgf')

pgf_with_latex = {                      # setup matplotlib to use latex for output
    "pgf.texsystem": "pdflatex",        # change this if using xetex or lautex
    "text.usetex": True,                # use LaTeX to write all text
    }
mpl.rcParams.update(pgf_with_latex)

只需使用 plt.show() 显示输出，结果看起来确实正确。

Answer 1

我不知道是什么真正导致了它，但是在没有 mpl.use('pgf') 的情况下切换到仅 PDF 输出解决了这个问题。现在我会坚持使用 PDF，这也很好。感谢所有的帮助!