我正在尝试为使用自定义 ModelChoiceField 的表单编写测试:
from django.forms import ModelChoiceField
class CycleModelChoiceField(ModelChoiceField):
def label_from_instance(self, cycle):
return str(cycle.begin_date)
无论用户在此字段中选择什么，都需要通过覆盖 clean() 方法传递到其他 2 个字段(DateField 和 radio ChoiceField)。这是我需要测试的复杂逻辑。
到目前为止，这是我在测试中尝试过的内容:
self.client.login(username='user', password='1234')
response = self.client.get(reverse('my_form'), follow=True)
cyc = list(CycleDate.objects.all())[0]
form_data = {'type_of_input': '0', 'cycle': cyc,'usage_type': 'E',}
form = EnergyUsageForm(data=form_data, user=response.context['user'])
但是 form.is_valid() 返回 false 并且 form.errors 说:
{'cycle': [u'Select a valid choice. That choice is not one of the available choices.']}
我的表单构造一定有问题。 'cycle': cyc 显然没有按预期工作。我也试过 'cycle': '0' 和 'cycle': '1'。
构造这样一个表单的正确方法是什么？
编辑:
我应该解释可用的选择是什么。数据库中只有一个 CycleDate，而且只有一个选择。在 shell 中运行我的测试行后，我输入 form.fields['cycle'].choices.choice(cyc) 返回 (1, '2015-05-01' )。奇怪的是 form.fields['cycle'].queryset 返回 []。也许问题与此有关？
编辑 2: 这是我使用那种复杂(阅读:凌乱、可怕和可耻)干净方法的表格:
class EnergyUsageForm(forms.Form):
# Override init so that we can pass the user as a parameter.
# Then put the cycle form inside init so that it can access the current user variable
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
user = kwargs.pop('user', None)
super(EnergyUsageForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
# Get the last 12 cycle dates for the current user
td = datetime.date.today
cycle_dates = CycleDate.objects.filter(cycle_ref=Account.objects.get(holder__user=user).cycle,
begin_date__lte=td).order_by('begin_date')
self.fields['cycle'] = CycleModelChoiceField(queryset = cycle_dates,
required = False,
widget = forms.Select(attrs={"onChange":'changeCalendar()'}),
label = "Choose a billing cycle")
type_of_input = forms.ChoiceField(required=False,
widget=forms.Select(attrs={"onChange": "switchInput()"}),
choices=INPUT,
initial='0',
label="Choose a way to display usage", )
end_date = forms.DateField(widget=forms.TextInput(attrs=
{
'class':'datepicker'
}),
label="Choose start date",
help_text='Choose a beginning date for displaying usage',
required=True,
initial=datetime.date.today,)
period = forms.ChoiceField(required=True,
widget=forms.RadioSelect,
choices=DISPLAY_PERIOD,
initial='01',
label="Choose period to display",)
usage_type = forms.ChoiceField(required=True,
widget=forms.RadioSelect,
choices=USAGE_TYPE,
initial='E',
label="Choose type of usage to display",)
def clean_end_date(self):
data = self.cleaned_data['end_date']
if datetime.date.today() < data:
raise forms.ValidationError("Don't choose a future date")
# Always return the cleaned data, whether you have changed it or
# not.
return data
def clean(self):
cleaned_data = super(EnergyUsageForm, self).clean()
selection = cleaned_data['type_of_input']
# Check if the user wants to use cycle_dates instead
if selection == '0':
# Set the end_date and period
cleaned_data['end_date'] = cleaned_data['cycle'].begin_date #MUST BE CHANGED TO END_DATE LATER
cleaned_data['period'] = cleaned_data['cycle'].duration
return cleaned_data
编辑3 修正了我测试中的一个拼写错误，还有我的测试的 setUp 方法:
client = Client()
def setUp(self):
user = User.objects.create_user(username = 'user', password = '1234')
user.save()
profile = UserProfile.objects.create(user = user)
profile.save()
account = Account(number=1, first_name='test',
last_name='User',
active=True,
holder=profile,
holder_verification_key=1)
account.save()
the_cycle = Cycle.objects.create(name = 'test cycle')
the_cycle.save()
cd = CycleDate.objects.create(begin_date = datetime.date(2015, 5, 1),
end_date = datetime.date.today(),
cycle_ref = the_cycle)
cd.save()
编辑 4:
除了所有这些困惑之外，每当我调用 form.is_valid() 时，我现在都会收到 KeyError: 'cycle'。可能是由于 clean() 方法在循环字段具有无效选择时尝试访问 cleaned_data['cycle']。
最佳答案
self.client.login(username='user', password='1234')
response = self.client.get(reverse('my_form'), follow=True)
cyc = list(CycleDate.objects.all())[0]
form_data = {'type_of_input': '0', 'cycle': cyc,'usage_type': 'E',}
form = EnergyUsageForm(data=form_data, user=response.context['user'])
尤其是线
cyc = list(CycleDate.objects.all())[0]
- 首先你得到所有 CycleDates 的迭代器(好吧，或多或少好吧......)
- 然后你把所有的东西都读到内存里(为什么!)
- 最后..您选择第一个列表元素(当然，如果列表为空，您将得到异常...)
为什么不呢:
cyc = CycleDate.objects.first()
if cyc:
# cycle is a ModelChoice - in html it stores primary key!
form_data = {'type_of_input': '0', 'cycle': cyc.pk, 'usage_type': 'E'}
form = EnergyUsageForm(data=form_data, user=response.context['user'])
EnergyUsageForm 的初始化:
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
user = kwargs.pop('user', None)
super(EnergyUsageForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
# today is a function!
td = datetime.date.today()
account = Account.objects.get(holder__user=user)
cycle_dates = CycleDate.objects.filter(cycle_ref=account.cycle,
begin_date__lte=td)
.order_by('begin_date')
self.fields['cycle'] = CycleModelChoiceField(queryset=cycle_dates,
required=False,
widget=forms.Select(attrs={"onChange":'changeCalendar()'}),
label = "Choose a billing cycle")
关于python - 如何构建具有 ModelChoiceField 的 Django 表单？，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/37548503/