python - Macbook 上的 scrapy 错误 : Module 'tutorial' already exists

Question

安装scrapy后， 我使用“scrapy startproject 教程”开始，但它显示如下:

Icelesss-MacBook-Pro:tutorial iceless$ scrapy startproject tutorial
Error: Module 'tutorial' already exists

当我输入 import scrapy 时，它显示:

Icelesss-MacBook-Pro:~ iceless$ import scrapy
-bash: import: command not found
Icelesss-MacBook-Pro:~ iceless$ scrapy.item
-bash: scrapy.item: command not found
Icelesss-MacBook-Pro:~ iceless$ create scrapy.Item
-bash: create: command not found
Icelesss-MacBook-Pro:~ iceless$ items.py
-bash: items.py: command not found
Icelesss-MacBook-Pro:~ iceless$ cd tutorial
Icelesss-MacBook-Pro:tutorial iceless$ import scrapy
-bash: import: command not found

Answer 1

这应该是一个相对简单的修复。在某些平台上，安装 scrapy 时似乎没有创建符号链接(symbolic link)，或者没有将 cli 工具添加到您的 $PATH 中。需要做的第一件事是找到当前 Python 和版本的位置:

$ which python
/opt/local/bin/python # your python location may be different

$ python -V
Python 3.6.5 # your version may be different (we need the first two digits)

获取 which python 命令的前两条路径并将其添加到:

/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/bin/scrapy

所以你最终得到:

/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/bin/scrapy

现在最后一步是为 ~/.bash_profile 中的命令创建一个别名:

alias scrapy="/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/bin/scrapy"

I've created a Bash script which should (hopefully) automate this process:

scrapy_alias.sh

#!/bin/bash

a=$(command -v python)
b=$(python -V | grep -oE "\\d\\.\\d")
c="${a%/bin*}/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/${b}/bin/scrapy"

printf "\\n# Scrapy alias\\nalias scrapy=\"${c}\"\\n" | sudo tee -a ~/.bash_profile

在终端运行脚本，然后将更改源到 ~/.bash_profile:

$ ./scrapy_alias.sh
$ . ~/.bash_profile

现在您应该可以开始教程了:

$ scrapy startproject tutorial

New Scrapy project 'tutorial', using template directory '/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/scrapy/templates/project', created in:
    /Users/Username/Desktop/Scrapy_Tutorial

You can start your first spider with:
    cd tutorial
    scrapy genspider example example.com