这几天一直困扰着我。我正在尝试将我的实用程序 LScreamer 迁移到 Windows 7，但它似乎不合作。
此实用程序将 Atmega 固件文件传输到在 atmega 中运行的引导加载程序。在 Linux 中，当我运行这个实用程序时，它能够发送整个文件，只需要几次重新传输。在 Windows 中，几乎所有其他传输都是重新传输，并且大多数时候它会导致处理器无法获取完整的固件。
我对 python 和 pyserial 的理解是它们应该可以在操作系统之间移植。但是由于我在使用 Python 方面缺乏经验，也许我在做一些奇怪的事情。
下面附带的 LScreamer 实用程序中是否存在任何可观察到的错误？感谢您的帮助!
#! /usr/bin/env python
""" This program is a port of Screamer V2.0 produced on Sparkfun.com which is
useful for wirelessly downloading code to an arduino.
The problem with the original code was that it was written for Windows,
whereas there may be many Linux users that would like to use the program.
Currently this port only supports ATmega168 and ATmega1280, but it has
been written to easily add more processors. Questions and contributions
can be submitted back to the developer at dustin.robotics@gmail.com
This has been updated to work on Windows as well, but it will still be
called LScreamer.
Here is the sparkfun page: http://www.sparkfun.com/tutorials/122#Step2
Usage: python LScreamer.py [options] [input file]
Options:
-h, --help show this help
-v, --verbose show additional information
-p Processor,
available arguments 'ATMEGA168', 'ATMEGA328' or 'ATMEGA1280'
default: ATMEGA168
-i, --interface Specify serial interface to broadcast
firmware file over, default /dev/ttyUSB0
Examples:
LScreamer.py -p ATMEGA168 -v -i /dev/ttyUSB0 ~/file.hex
Wirelessly downloads file.hex to an ATMEGA168 processor
LScreamer.py -p ATMEGA328 -v -i COM1 C:/Project/file.hex
Wirelessly downloads file.hex to an ATMEGA328 processor
LScreamer.py
Lists this information as well as the available ports on the system.
This could be ran before inserting serial device, and after, to
determine which port it has been connected to.
"""
import serial
import glob
import sys
import getopt
import platform
from time import sleep
def scan():
"""scan for available ports. return a list of device names."""
if is_windows:
# scan for available ports. return a list of tuples (num, name)
available = []
for i in range(256):
try:
s = serial.Serial(i)
available.append( (i, s.portstr))
s.close()
except serial.SerialException:
pass
return available
else:
return glob.glob('/dev/ttyS*') + glob.glob('/dev/ttyUSB*')
def usage():
print __doc__
class FileProc:
"File processing utilities"
def __init__(self, fileloc):
"""Main processing occurs within the FileProc class"""
#define global variables modified in this def
self.setArc()
pfile = self.parse(fileloc)
if _parsed_file == 0:
print "Problem parsing hex file, please check file again"
sys.exit()
#file parsed successfully, initiate remote reset
print "Waiting for target IC to boot into bootloader"
if _verbose == 1: print "Open port " + _iface + ' with baud rate = 19200, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, 1 sign bit with a 1 second timeout'
ser = serial.Serial(_iface, 19200, timeout=1)
#toggle RTS line to restart remote device
ser.setRTS(1) #set RTS
ser.setRTS(0) #Clear RTS
ser.setRTS(1) #set RTS
ser.setRTS(0) #Clear RTS
#sleep(1) #wait for 1 seconds with RTS set
print " To quit waiting, do Cnrl + C"
if _verbose == 1:
print " If target IC does not boot into bootloader and start outputting a 5, not '5', then the target should be checked"
while ser.read(1) != '\x05':
pass
#target is in bootloader, send 6, not '6', to start firmware transmission
ser.write('\x06')
print "Target has successfully booted into bootloader, starting transmission of firmware"
current_memory_address = 0
while current_memory_address < _lastmem:
#wait until target IC sends confirmation
while (ser.inWaiting() == 0):
pass
target_status = ser.read()
if target_status == 'T':
#everything working correctly
pass
elif target_status == '\x07':
#need to resend line
print "resending last line"
current_memory_address -= _pagesize
else:
print target_status
print "incorrect response from target IC, will now exit"
sys.exit()
#show progress in terminal
print str(current_memory_address) + " of " + str(_lastmem)
#start processing hex file for output
#convert 16 bit current_memory_address into two 8-bit characters
memory_address_high = current_memory_address / 256
memory_address_low = current_memory_address % 256
#calculate checksum of this line
checksum = 0
checksum = checksum + _pagesize
checksum += memory_address_high
checksum += memory_address_low
for x in range(_pagesize):
checksum += pfile[current_memory_address + x]
#reduce checksum so that it is only 8 bits
while checksum > 256:
checksum -= 256
#take two's compliment of checksum
checksum = 256 - checksum
#start sending current line to target ic
#start character
ser.write(":")
#record length
if _pagesize < 256:
ser.write(chr(_pagesize))
else: #split up into high and low byte
ser.write(chr(_pagesize >> 8))
ser.write(chr(_pagesize % 256))
#send this block's address
ser.write(chr(memory_address_low))
ser.write(chr(memory_address_high))
#send this blocks checksum
ser.write(chr(checksum))
#now send the block
for x in range(_pagesize):
ser.write(chr(pfile[current_memory_address + x]))
#update current memory address
current_memory_address += _pagesize
#we have completed transmitting, tell target ic. Multiple S's for redundancy
ser.write(":")
ser.write("S")
ser.write("S")
ser.write("S")
ftemp.write(":SSS")
ftemp.close()
#tell user that transmission completed successfully
print "LScreamer has successfully sent " + str(_lastmem) + " bytes to the target " + _type
#close serial port
ser.close()
#exit gracefully
def setArc(self):
global _memsize
global _pagesize
global _parsed_file
global _maxsize
global _lastmem
global _type
_parsed_file = 0
if _type == 'ATMEGA168':
_memsize = 16384
_pagesize = 128 #words
_maxsize = _memsize - 1
elif _type == 'ATMEGA1280':
_memsize = 131072
_pagesize = 256 #words
_maxsize = _memsize - 1
elif _type == 'ATMEGA328':
_memsize = 32768
_pagesize = 128 #words
_maxsize = _memsize - 1
def parse(self, fileloc):
"""remove formatting and checksums, sort into rows of 128 bytes"""
#define global variables modified in this def
global _lastmem
global _parsed_file
try:
fhex = open(fileloc,"r")
except IOError:
print "File could not be opened"
sys.exit()
"""file is open, enter loop reading in hex lines"""
li=[] #initialize list, so can start adding elements by extending it
if _verbose == 1: print "reading input file '" + fileloc + "' now."
while 1:
lines = fhex.readlines(100000)
if not lines:
break
for line in lines:
#remove colon and new line
if(line[0]!=':'): #if line has no : then ignore
continue
s = line.split(":")
s = s[1].split("\r\n")
if(s[7:9]=='04'):
continue
if(len(s[0])!=0): #remove empty lines
li.extend([s[0]])
#Hex file is cleaned up now, stored in list li
#prefill hex_array with 0xFF
hex_array=[]
hex_array = [255 for i in range(_memsize)]
if _verbose == 1: print " processing hex file..."
#step through cleaned file and load into hex array
for line in li:
record_length = int(line[0:2], 16) # int('A',16) returns 10
#find memory address to store this line
memory_address_high = int(line[2:4], 16)
memory_address_low = int(line[4:6], 16)
memory_address = memory_address_high * 256 + memory_address_low
#check for end of file tag
if int(line[6:8], 16) == 1:
break
#save last memory location
_lastmem = memory_address + record_length
for x in range(record_length): #Save values to
lower_byte = 8+x*2
upper_byte = 10+x*2
#print "lower %d upper %d x %d" % (lower_byte, upper_byte, x)
hex_array[memory_address + x]= int(line[lower_byte:upper_byte], 16)
#print "int(line[lb:ub},16 = %d" % (int(line[lower_byte:upper_byte], 16))
#print hex_array
#sleep(1)
#file was successfully parsed
fhex.close()
_parsed_file = 1
return hex_array
def main(argv):
#determine OS
global is_windows
is_windows = (platform.system().lower().find("win") > -1)
try:
#To test this in python, do args = '-hvp ATMEGA168 /home/test'.split()
#then do getopt.getopt(argv, "hvp:", ["help", "--verbose"])
opts, args = getopt.getopt(argv, 'hvp:i:', ['help', 'verbose', 'interface'])
#detect if no inputs are given
if len(args) == 0:
usage()
print "\nThe available interfaces are: " + str(scan()) + "\n"
sys.exit(2)
except getopt.GetoptError:
usage()
sys.exit(2)
#setup global variables
global _verbose ; _verbose = 0
global _iface ; _iface = '/dev/ttyUSB0'
global _type ; _type = 'ATMEGA168'
for opt, arg in opts:
if opt in ("-h", "--help"):
usage()
sys.exit()
if opt in ('-v', '--verbose'):
_verbose = 1
if opt in ('-p'):
_type = arg
if opt in ('-i', '--interface'):
_iface = arg
hex = "".join(args)
FileProc(hex)
if __name__=='__main__':
main(sys.argv[1:])
"""
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it *
* under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free *
* Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) *
* any later version. *
* *
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT *
* ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or *
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for *
* more details. *
* *
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along *
* with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. *"""
最佳答案
我连接了一个 MAX3232 并发现 XBee 正在丢弃数据包，所以我打算研究为它找到一个更好的驱动程序。当 MCU 通过串行电缆连接到计算机时，程序下载正常。所以它似乎是一个 xbee，而不是 python 问题。感谢您的帮助!
关于Python - 将程序从 Linux 迁移到 Windows，在 Windows 中它不起作用，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9320178/