python - Selenium WebDriver 选择和输入文本

Question

我最近能够启动并运行一个 headless 网络驱动程序，并且一直在修补一些。目前，我无法通过 xpath 定位元素并更改其文本。下面，我试图将“在此处输入文本”返回到控制台，然后将文本更改为“hello world”之类的内容，然后显示新更改的元素文本。

HTML:

<div id="textfield" class="newInput">
    <div>ENTER TEXT HERE</div>
</div>

在选择 xpath 后，我得到了这个:

//*[@id='textfield']/div

一切都很好，但我对如何更改文本感到困惑。 尝试将“在此处输入文本”存储在我尝试过的变量中:

python :

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys

defaultText = browser.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id='textfield']/div").getText()
print defaultText
browser.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id='textfield']/div").textContent = "hello world"
defaultText = browser.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id='textfield']/div").getText()
print defaultText


#Attempt to store "ENTER TEXT HERE" into variable
#Attempt to print ENTER TEXT HERE in console
#Change text to "hello world"
#Update string in variable
#Attempt to print hello world in console

任何帮助或见解将不胜感激。谢谢!

编辑:

感谢 Richard 指出 send_keys()， 我现在处于困境，如果默认情况下没有文本并且您尝试发送字符串，它会抛出异常。跟踪导致 webdriver 错误处理程序中的 .check_response。

Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "test.py", line 116, in <module>
        browser.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id='textfield']/div").send_keys("hello world")
      File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webelement.py", line 293, in send_keys
          self._execute(Command.SEND_KEYS_TO_ELEMENT, {'value': typing})
      File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webelement.py", line 370, in _execute
          return self._parent.execute(command, params)
      File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webdriver.py", line 173, in execute
          self.error_handler.check_response(response)
      File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\errorhandler.py", line 164, in check_response
          raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)
selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: u'{"errorMessage":"\'undefined\'             
is not an object (evaluating \'b.value.length\')","request":{"headers":   
{"Accept":"application/json","Accept-Encoding":"identity","Connection":"close","Content-    
Length":"147","Content-Type":"application/json;charset=UTF8","Host":"127.0.0.1:XXXXX",
"User-Agent":"Python-urllib/2.6"},"httpVersion":"1.1","
method":"POST","post":"{\\"sessionId\\": \\"561558d0-36a9-11e4-c9e7-c90efed32dfc\\",     
\\"id\\": \\":wdc:1410101175394\\", \\"value\
\": [\\"h\\", \\"e\\", \\"l\\", \\"l\\", \\"o\\", \\" \\", \\"w\\", \\"o\\", \\"r\\",     
\\"l\\", \\"d\\"]}","url":"/value","urlParsed":
{"anchor":"","query":"","file":"value","directory":"/","path":"/value","relative":"/value",
"port":"","host":"","password":"","user":"","userInfo":"","authority":"","protocol":"",
"source":"/value","queryKey":{},"chunks":["value"]},"urlOriginal":"/session/561
558d0-36a9-11e4-c9e7-c90efed32dfc/element/%3Awdc%3A1410101175394/value"}}' ; 
Screenshot: available via screen

Answer 1

不能给文本设置值，需要使用send_keys()来设置元素的文本。此外，getText() 是从元素中获取文本的 java 方法，您需要在 python 中使用 text。

defaultText = browser.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id='textfield']/div").text
print defaultText
browser.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id='textfield']/div").send_keys("hello world")
defaultText = browser.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id='textfield']/div").text
print defaultText