python - Linux/bash/awk 读取部分文件名作为变量

Question

我们编写了一个 awk one liner 将输入的 csv 文件 (Assay_51003_target_pairs.csv) 拆分为多个文件。对于任何行，如果它们的第 1 列等于另一列第 1 列，第 2 列等于另一个第 2 列，等等，这些行将被分类到一个新文件中。新文件将使用列值命名。

这是一个类轮

awk -F "," 'NF>1 && NR>1 && $1==$1 && $2==$2 && $9==$9 && $10==$10{print $0 >> ("Assay_"$1"_target_"$3"_assay_" $9 "_bcassay_" $10 "_bcalt_assay.csv");close("Assay_"$1"_target_"$3"_assay_" $9 "_bcassay_" $10 "_bcalt_assay.csv")}' Assay_51003_target_pairs.csv

这将生成以下示例输出 (Assay_$1_target_$3_assay_$9_bcassay_$10_bcalt_assay.csv):

Assay_51003_target_1645_assay_7777_bcassay_8888_bcalt_assay.csv

51003,666666,1645,11145,EC50,,0.2,uM,7777,8888,IC50,,1,uM,,3,2.0555,3011-02-0100:00:00,1911-04-1100:00:00,Cell,Biochemical
51003,666666,1645,1680,EC50,<,0.1,uM,7777,8888,IC50,,1,uM,,2,2.8579,3004-06-0300:00:00,3000-04-1100:00:00,Cell,Biochemical

Assay_51003_target_1645_assay_7777_bcassay_9999_bcalt_assay.csv

51003,666666,1645,11145,EC50,,0.2,uM,7777,9999,IC50,,1,uM,,3,2.0555,3011-02-0100:00:00,1911-04-1100:00:00,Cell,Biochemical
51003,666666,1645,1680,EC50,<,0.1,uM,7777,9999,IC50,,1,uM,,2,2.8579,3004-06-0300:00:00,3000-04-1100:00:00,Cell,Biochemical

Assay_51003_target_1688_assay_7777_bcassay_9999_bcalt_assay.csv

51003,666666,1688,11145,EC50,,0.2,uM,7777,9999,IC50,,1,uM,,3,2.0555,3011-02-0100:00:00,1911-04-1100:00:00,Cell,Biochemical
51003,666666,1688,1680,EC50,<,0.1,uM,7777,9999,IC50,,1,uM,,2,2.8579,3004-06-0300:00:00,3000-04-1100:00:00,Cell,Biochemical

稍后我们想做，例如，

awk -F, -f max_min.awk Assay_51003_target_1645_assay_7777_bcassay_8888_bcalt_assay.csv

awk -F, -f max_min.awk Assay_51003_target_1645_assay_7777_bcassay_9999_bcalt_assay.csv

awk -F, -f max_min.awk Assay_51003_target_1688_assay_7777_bcassay_9999_bcalt_assay.csv

#################################################

for b in 1645 1688

do

     for c in 8888 9999

     do

     awk -F, -f max_min.awk Assay_51003_target_$b_assay_7777_bcassay_$c_bcalt_assay.csv

     done

done  

但是，不知道有没有办法为后续的工作写一个循环，因为输出文件名是“随机的”。请问linux/bash有没有办法把部分文件名解析成循环变量(比如把1645和1688解析成b，把8888和9999解析成c)？

Answer 1

使用 Bash 应该非常容易，因为值总是数字:

shopt -s nullglob

FILES=(Assay_*_target_*_assay_*_bcassay_*_bcalt_assay.csv)  ## No need to do +([[:digit:]]). The difference is unlikely.
for FILE in "${FILES[@]}"; do
    IFS=_ read -a A <<< "$FILE"
    # Do something with ${A[1]} ${A[3]} ${A[5]} and ${A[7]}
    ...

    # Or

    IFS=_ read __ A __ B __ C __ D __ <<< "$FILE"
    # Do something with $A $B $C and $D
    ...
done