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我的 .csv 列中的数据有时包含逗号和换行符。如果我的数据中有逗号，我会用双引号将整个字符串括起来。在考虑换行符和逗号的情况下，我将如何将该列的输出解析为 .txt 文件。
不适用于我的命令的示例数据:
,"This is some text with a , in it.", #data with commas are enclosed in double quotes
,line 1 of data
line 2 of data, #data with a couple of newlines
,"Data that may a have , in it and
also be on a newline as well.",
这是我目前所拥有的:
awk -F "\"*,\"*" '{print $4}' file.csv > column_output.txt
最佳答案
$ cat decsv.awk
BEGIN { FPAT = "([^,]*)|(\"[^\"]+\")"; OFS="," }
{
# create strings that cannot exist in the input to map escaped quotes to
gsub(/a/,"aA")
gsub(/\\"/,"aB")
gsub(/""/,"aC")
# prepend previous incomplete record segment if any
$0 = prev $0
numq = gsub(/"/,"&")
if ( numq % 2 ) {
# this is inside double quotes so incomplete record
prev = $0 RT
next
}
prev = ""
for (i=1;i<=NF;i++) {
# map the replacement strings back to their original values
gsub(/aC/,"\"\"",$i)
gsub(/aB/,"\\\"",$i)
gsub(/aA/,"a",$i)
}
printf "Record %d:\n", ++recNr
for (i=0;i<=NF;i++) {
printf "\t$%d=<%s>\n", i, $i
}
print "#######"
.
$ awk -f decsv.awk file
Record 1:
$0=<,"This is some text with a , in it.", #data with commas are enclosed in double quotes>
$1=<>
$2=<"This is some text with a , in it.">
$3=< #data with commas are enclosed in double quotes>
#######
Record 2:
$0=<,"line 1 of data
line 2 of data", #data with a couple of newlines>
$1=<>
$2=<"line 1 of data
line 2 of data">
$3=< #data with a couple of newlines>
#######
Record 3:
$0=<,"Data that may a have , in it and
also be on a newline as well.",>
$1=<>
$2=<"Data that may a have , in it and
also be on a newline as well.">
$3=<>
#######
Record 4:
$0=<,"Data that \"may\" a have ""quote"" in it and
also be on a newline as well.",>
$1=<>
$2=<"Data that \"may\" a have ""quote"" in it and
also be on a newline as well.">
$3=<>
#######
上面使用 GNU awk 进行 FPAT 和 RT。我不知道有任何 CSV 格式可以让您在未用引号引起来的字段中间有一个换行符(如果有，您将永远不知道任何记录在哪里结束)，因此脚本不允许那。以上是在此输入文件上运行的:
$ cat file
,"This is some text with a , in it.", #data with commas are enclosed in double quotes
,"line 1 of data
line 2 of data", #data with a couple of newlines
,"Data that may a have , in it and
also be on a newline as well.",
,"Data that \"may\" a have ""quote"" in it and
also be on a newline as well.",
关于linux - Awk 获取包含逗号和换行符的 .csv 列，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/38731863/