c - 即使在 IPv6 中使用 SO_REUSEADDR 后，套接字绑定(bind)也会失败

Question

我的应用程序需要在具有相同 IPv6 地址的同一端口上绑定(bind)一个套接字。我正在使用下面的代码来实现相同的目的。但是，第二次绑定(bind)会引发错误“地址已在使用中”。 顺便说一句，只有当我包含第一个套接字的监听调用时，我才会收到此错误。如果没有监听调用，第二个套接字就可以很好地绑定(bind)。

我做错了什么？请帮我理解。

谢谢

int fd1 = ::socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (fd1 < 0)
{
    perror("fd1 socket()");
    return -1;
}

// Set SO_REUSEADDR for both sockets
int reuse = 1;
if (fcntl(fd1, F_SETFL, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK) <0)
{
    perror("fd1 fcntl64 failed");
    return -1;
}
if (::setsockopt(fd1, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &reuse, sizeof(reuse)) < 0)
{
    perror("fd1 SO_REUSEADDR failed");
    return -1;
}
if (::setsockopt(fd1, SOL_IPV6, IPV6_V6ONLY, &reuse, sizeof(reuse)) < 0)
{
    perror("fd1 SO_REUSEADDR failed");
    return -1;
}


sockaddr_storage storage;
socklen_t addrlen = sizeof(storage);
memset(&storage, 0, addrlen);
sockaddr_in6& addr = reinterpret_cast<sockaddr_in6&>(storage);
addr.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
addr.sin6_port = 143;
addr.sin6_addr = in6addr_any;
sockaddr* pAddr = reinterpret_cast<sockaddr*>(&storage);

int val = 2;
socklen_t len = sizeof(val);

if (::getsockopt(fd1, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &val, &len) < 0)
{
    perror("fd1 getsock failed");
    return -1;
}

printf("Getsockopt returned %d at %d\n",val, __LINE__);

if (::bind(fd1, pAddr, sizeof(sockaddr_in6)) < 0)
{
    perror("bind fd1 failed");
    return -1;
}

if (::getsockopt(fd1, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &val, &len) < 0)
{
    perror("fd1 getsock failed");
    return -1;
}

printf("Getsockopt returned %d at %d\n",val, __LINE__);
if (listen(fd1, 128) < 0)
{
    perror("fd1, listen");
        return -1;
}
if (::getsockopt(fd1, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &val, &len) < 0)
{
    perror("fd1 getsock failed");
    return -1;
}

printf("Getsockopt returned %d at %d\n",val, __LINE__);
// Get the local address for fd1
addrlen = sizeof(storage);
if (::getsockname(fd1, pAddr, &addrlen))
{
    perror("getsockname for fd1 failed");
    return -1;
}
char straddr[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
if (!inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &addr.sin6_addr, straddr, sizeof(straddr)))
{
    perror("inet_ntop for fd1 failed");
    return -1;
}
printf("fd1=%d addr=%s:%d\n", fd1, straddr, addr.sin6_port);

addrlen = sizeof(storage);
addr.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
addr.sin6_port = 143;
int fd2 = ::socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (fd2 < 0)
{
    perror("fd2 socket()");
    return -1;
}
if (::setsockopt(fd2, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &reuse, sizeof(reuse)) < 0)
{
    perror("fd2 SO_REUSEADDR failed");
    return -1;
}
if (::setsockopt(fd2, SOL_IPV6, IPV6_V6ONLY, &reuse, sizeof(reuse)) < 0)
{
    perror("fd1 SO_REUSEADDR failed");
    return -1;
}

if (::bind(fd2, pAddr, sizeof(sockaddr_in6)) < 0)
{
    perror("bind fd2 failed");
    return -1;
}

// Get the local address for fd2
if (::getsockname(fd2, pAddr, &addrlen))
{
    perror("getsockname for fd2 failed");
    return -1;
}
if (!inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &addr.sin6_addr, straddr, sizeof(straddr)))
{
    perror("inet_ntop for fd2 failed");
    return -1;
}
printf("fd2=%d addr=%s:%d\n", fd2, straddr, addr.sin6_port);

return 0;

Answer 1

来自 socket(7) 手册页:

SO_REUSEADDR - Indicates that the rules used in validating addresses supplied in a bind(2) call should allow reuse of local addresses. For AF_INET sockets this means that a socket may bind, except when there is an active listening socket bound to the address. When the listening socket is bound to INADDR_ANY with a specific port then it is not possible to bind to this port for any local address. Argument is an integer boolean flag.

(强调我的)

您的第一个套接字绑定(bind)到相当于 INADDR_ANY 的 IPv6 上的端口 143，然后将其置于监听状态。因此，只要第一个套接字保持打开状态，就无法在端口 143 上绑定(bind)其他套接字。