python - 如何网络抓取 NBA 的首发阵容？

Question

我是网络抓取的新手，需要一些帮助。我想使用 Xpath 抓取 NBA 的首发阵容、球队和球员的位置。我只从名字开始，因为我遇到了一个问题。

到目前为止，这是我的代码:

from urllib.request import urlopen
from lxml.html import fromstring 


url = "https://www.lineups.com/nba/lineups"

content = str(urlopen(url).read())
comment = content.replace("-->","").replace("<!--","")
tree = fromstring(comment)


for nba, bball_row in enumerate(tree.xpath('//tr[contains(@class,"t-content")]')):
    names = bball_row.xpath('.//span[@_ngcontent-c5="long-player-name"]/text()')[0]
    print(names)

看起来程序运行没有错误，但名字没有打印出来。非常感谢有关如何更有效地使用 Xpath 进行解析的任何提示。我尝试搞乱 Xpath 助手和 Xpath Finder。也许那里有一些技巧可以使过程更容易。预先感谢您的时间和精力!

Answer 1

所需内容位于 script 节点内，看起来像

<script nonce="STATE_TRANSFER_TOKEN">window['TRANSFER_STATE'] = {...}</script>

您可以尝试执行以下操作以将数据提取为简单的 Python 字典:

import re
import json
import requests

source = requests.get("https://www.lineups.com/nba/lineups").text
dictionary = json.loads(re.search(r"window\['TRANSFER_STATE'\]\s=\s(\{.*\})<\/script>", source).group(1))

可选:粘贴字典的输出here然后单击“美化”以将数据视为可读的 JSON

然后您可以通过键访问所需的值，例如

for player in dictionary['https://api.lineups.com/nba/fetch/lineups/gateway']['data'][0]['home_players']:
    print(player['name'])

Kyrie Irving
Jaylen Brown
Jayson Tatum
Gordon Hayward
Al Horford

for player in dictionary['https://api.lineups.com/nba/fetch/lineups/gateway']['data'][0]['away_players']:
    print(player['name'])

D.J. Augustin
Evan Fournier
Jonathan Isaac
Aaron Gordon
Nikola Vucevic

更新

我想我只是把它弄得太复杂了:)

它应该像下面这样简单:

import requests

source = requests.get("https://api.lineups.com/nba/fetch/lineups/gateway").json()
for player in source['data'][0]['away_players']:
        print(player['name'])

更新 2

要让所有球队阵容使用以下:

import requests

source = requests.get("https://api.lineups.com/nba/fetch/lineups/gateway").json()

for team in source['data']:
    print("\n%s players\n" % team['home_route'].capitalize())
    for player in team['home_players']:
        print(player['name'])
    print("\n%s players\n" % team['away_route'].capitalize())
    for player in team['away_players']:
        print(player['name'])