python - 在树莓派 3 上运行 librosa 和 numba

Question

我正在尝试在我的树莓派 3 上运行 librosa。 在互联网上搜索了几个小时后，我终于能够安装它，但是当我尝试导入它时它仍然会抛出错误。首先，我在安装依赖项 llvmlite 时遇到了问题。我最终使用以下代码安装了它:conda install -c numba llvmlite。我使用带有 miniconda 的 python 3.4 构建。

安装 llvmlite 后，我可以使用 pip 安装 librosa(使用 conda 是不可能的)

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ pip install librosa
Collecting librosa
Using cached https://www.piwheels.hostedpi.com/simple/librosa/librosa-
0.5.1-py3-none-any.whl
Requirement already satisfied: resampy>=0.1.2 in 
./miniconda3/lib/python3.4/site-packages (from librosa)
Requirement already satisfied: scipy>=0.13.0 in 
...
Installing collected packages: librosa
Successfully installed librosa-0.5.1

显然 librosa 已安装。

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ pip list
DEPRECATION: The default format will switch to columns in the future. 
You can use --format=(legacy|columns) (or define a format=
(legacy|columns) in your pip.conf under the [list] section) to disable 
this warning.
anaconda-client (1.0.2)
audioread (2.1.5)
awscli (1.11.170)
boto3 (1.4.7)
botocore (1.7.28)
clyent (0.4.0)
colorama (0.3.7)
conda (3.16.0)
conda-env (2.4.2)
Cython (0.27.1)
decorator (4.1.2)
docutils (0.14)
jmespath (0.9.3)
joblib (0.11)
librosa (0.5.1)
llvmlite (0.7.0.dev0+21.gcda19bd.dirty)
mock (2.0.0)
numba (0.35.0)
numpy (1.13.3)
pbr (3.1.1)
Pillow (2.9.0)
pip (9.0.1)
protobuf (3.4.0)
pyasn1 (0.3.7)
PyAudio (0.2.11)
pycosat (0.6.1)
pycrypto (2.6.1)    
python-dateutil (2.6.1)
pytz (2015.4)
PyYAML (3.12)
requests (2.7.0)
resampy (0.2.0)
rsa (3.4.2)
s3transfer (0.1.11)
scikit-learn (0.18.2)
scipy (0.19.1)
setuptools (18.1)
six (1.11.0)
tensorflow (1.1.0)
Werkzeug (0.12.2)
wheel (0.30.0)

尽管尝试导入 librosa 会引发以下错误:

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ python
Python 3.4.3 |Continuum Analytics, Inc.| (default, Aug 21 2015, 00:53:08) 
[GCC 4.6.3] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import librosa
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/home/pi/miniconda3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/librosa/__init__.py", line 12, in <module>
    from . import core
  File "/home/pi/miniconda3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/librosa/core/__init__.py", line 108, in <module>
    from .time_frequency import *  # pylint: disable=wildcard-import
  File "/home/pi/miniconda3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/librosa/core/time_frequency.py", line 10, in <module>
    from ..util.exceptions import ParameterError
  File "/home/pi/miniconda3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/librosa/util/__init__.py", line 70, in <module>
    from . import decorators
  File "/home/pi/miniconda3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/librosa/util/decorators.py", line 67, in <module>
    from numba.decorators import jit as optional_jit
  File "/home/pi/miniconda3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/numba/__init__.py", line 12, in <module>
    from .special import typeof, prange
  File "/home/pi/miniconda3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/numba/special.py", line 4, in <module>
    from .parfor import prange
  File "/home/pi/miniconda3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/numba/parfor.py", line 20, in <module>
    from numba import array_analysis, postproc, typeinfer
  File "/home/pi/miniconda3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/numba/array_analysis.py", line 9, in <module>
    from numba import ir, analysis, types, config, cgutils, typing
  File "/home/pi/miniconda3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/numba/cgutils.py", line 22, in <module>
    true_bit = bool_t(1)
TypeError: 'IntType' object is not callable
>>> 

尝试导入 numba 会引发以下错误:

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ python
Python 3.4.3 |Continuum Analytics, Inc.| (default, Aug 21 2015, 00:53:08) 
[GCC 4.6.3] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import numba
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/home/pi/miniconda3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/numba/__init__.py", line 12, in <module>
    from .special import typeof, prange
  File "/home/pi/miniconda3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/numba/special.py", line 4, in <module>
    from .parfor import prange
  File "/home/pi/miniconda3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/numba/parfor.py", line 20, in <module>
    from numba import array_analysis, postproc, typeinfer
  File "/home/pi/miniconda3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/numba/array_analysis.py", line 9, in <module>
    from numba import ir, analysis, types, config, cgutils, typing
  File "/home/pi/miniconda3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/numba/cgutils.py", line 22, in <module>
    true_bit = bool_t(1)
TypeError: 'IntType' object is not callable
>>> 

有人知道问题出在哪里吗？ 我很感激任何提示或提示。 谢谢!!!!!!

Answer 1

在撰写本文时，最新的 Raspbian 版本具有 llvm-3.8，因此根据 this github comment你需要安装 llvmlite v0.15.0 和 numba v0.30.1。如果您在不同的 llvm 上，那么您将需要探索哪些版本的 llvmlite 和 numba 与该版本的 llvm 一起使用。 以下是让我设置成功 import librosa 的命令:

sudo apt install libblas-dev llvm python3-pip python3-scipy
virtualenv --system-site-packages -p python3 env
source env/bin/activate
pip install llvmlite==0.15.0
pip install numba==0.30.1
pip install librosa

请注意，我正在使用 virtualenv 并从系统包中拖入 scipy 和 numpy，否则很难获得正确的 fortran 和 c 依赖项，而且在 RPi 上编译这些依赖项需要很长时间。如果你想在系统范围内安装，那么删除第 2 行和第 3 行并将 sudo 放在 pip 命令的前面。我也卡住了我在此 requirements.txt 中的要求文件，所以如果你下载它，那么你可以运行一个命令 pip install -r requirements.txt