python - 我可以使用 SocksiPy 在函数内更改 SOCKS 代理吗？

Question

我正在尝试编写一个函数，它接受一个 URL 并返回该 URL 的内容。还有一个附加参数 (useTor)，当设置为 True 时，将使用 SocksiPy 通过 SOCKS 5 代理服务器(在本例中为 Tor)路由请求。

我可以为所有连接设置全局代理，但我无法解决两件事:

1. 如何将此设置移动到一个函数中，以便它可以由 useTor 变量决定？我无法在函数内访问 socks，也不知道该怎么做。

2. 我假设如果我不设置代理，那么下次发出请求时它将直接进行。 SocksiPy 文档似乎没有说明如何重置代理。

谁能给个建议？我的(初学者)代码如下:

import gzip
import socks
import socket

def create_connection(address, timeout=None, source_address=None):
    sock = socks.socksocket()
    sock.connect(address)
    return sock

# next line works just fine if I want to set the proxy globally
# socks.setdefaultproxy(socks.PROXY_TYPE_SOCKS5, "127.0.0.1", 9050)
socket.socket = socks.socksocket
socket.create_connection = create_connection

import urllib2
import sys

def getURL(url, useTor=False):

    if useTor:
        print "Using tor..."
        # Throws- AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'setproxy'
        socks.setproxy(socks.PROXY_TYPE_SOCKS5, "127.0.0.1", 9050)
    else:
        print "Not using tor..."
        # Not sure how to cancel the proxy, assuming it persists

    opener = urllib2.build_opener()
    usock = opener.open(url)
    url = usock.geturl()

    encoding = usock.info().get("Content-Encoding")

    if encoding in ('gzip', 'x-gzip', 'deflate'):
        content = usock.read()
        if encoding == 'deflate':
            data = StringIO.StringIO(zlib.decompress(content))
        else:
            data = gzip.GzipFile('', 'rb', 9, StringIO.StringIO(content))
        result = data.read()
    else:
        result = usock.read()

    usock.close()

    return result

# Connect to the same site both with and without using Tor    

print getURL('https://check.torproject.org', False)
print getURL('https://check.torproject.org', True)

Answer 1

例子

只需调用不带参数的 socksocket.set_proxy，这将有效地删除任何先前设置的代理设置。

import socks
sck = socks.socksocket ()

# use TOR
sck.setproxy (socks.PROXY_TYPE_SOCKS5, "127.0.0.1", 9050)

# reset to normal use
sck.setproxy ()

---

详情

通过查看 socks.py 的源代码，并深入研究 socksocket.setproxy 的内容，我们很快意识到，为了丢弃任何以前的代理属性我们只是简单地调用函数而不需要额外的参数(self 除外)。

class socksocket(socket.socket):
    ... # additional functionality ignored

    def setproxy(self,proxytype=None,addr=None,port=None,rdns=True,username=None,password=None):
        """setproxy(proxytype, addr[, port[, rdns[, username[, password]]]])
        Sets the proxy to be used.
        proxytype - The type of the proxy to be used. Three types
                are supported: PROXY_TYPE_SOCKS4 (including socks4a),
                PROXY_TYPE_SOCKS5 and PROXY_TYPE_HTTP
        addr -      The address of the server (IP or DNS).
        port -      The port of the server. Defaults to 1080 for SOCKS
                servers and 8080 for HTTP proxy servers.
        rdns -      Should DNS queries be preformed on the remote side
                (rather than the local side). The default is True.
                Note: This has no effect with SOCKS4 servers.
        username -  Username to authenticate with to the server.
                The default is no authentication.
        password -  Password to authenticate with to the server.
                Only relevant when username is also provided.
        """
        self.__proxy = (proxytype,addr,port,rdns,username,password)

    ... # additional functionality ignored

^{Note: When a new connection is about to be negotiated, the implementation will use the contents of self.__proxy unless the potentially required element is None (in which case the setting is simply ignored).}