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我知道这个问题被问过很多次了。我已经尝试了所有已知的食谱，但仍然有问题。
所以，我创造了清晰的环境。然后pip install lxml报错:
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fno-strict-aliasing -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fPIC -I/usr/include/libxml2 -Isrc/lxml/includes -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c src/lxml/lxml.etree.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/src/lxml/lxml.etree.o -w
In file included from src/lxml/lxml.etree.c:85:0:
/usr/include/python2.7/Python.h:8:22: fatal error: pyconfig.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.
Compile failed: command 'x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1
creating tmp
cc -I/usr/include/libxml2 -I/usr/include/libxml2 -c /tmp/xmlXPathInitRwrJxg.c -o tmp/xmlXPathInitRwrJxg.o
/tmp/xmlXPathInitRwrJxg.c:2:1: warning: return type defaults to ‘int’ [-Wimplicit-int]
main (int argc, char **argv) {
^
cc tmp/xmlXPathInitRwrJxg.o -lxml2 -o a.out
error: command 'x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1
----------------------------------------
Cleaning up...
Command /home/andriy/PROJECTS/delete/env/bin/python2 -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-XHiH0Y/lxml/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-zuYS3W-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /home/andriy/PROJECTS/delete/env/include/site/python2.7 failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-XHiH0Y/lxml
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/andriy/PROJECTS/delete/env/bin/pip", line 11, in <module>
sys.exit(main())
File "/home/andriy/PROJECTS/delete/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/__init__.py", line 248, in main
return command.main(cmd_args)
File "/home/andriy/PROJECTS/delete/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 161, in main
text = '\n'.join(complete_log)
UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xe2 in position 68: ordinal not in range(128)
我应该说我已经在使用 Python3 的环境中成功安装了 lxml。此外，我已经成功地将 lxml 包安装到其他环境。但现在有些东西坏了。
有什么想法可以用 Python2.7 解决吗？
这是折磨的第二天，我要重新安装我的 Ubuntu。
解决方案
Padraic Cunningham 下面解决了我的问题。日志直接提示问题是系统中没有pyconfig.h文件引起的。它是python-dev包的文件。但是，此软件包已安装。因此，很自然地假设该软件包已损坏，应该使用 sudo apt-get install --reinstall python-dev libpython2.7-dev 重新安装。此外，还重新安装了 libpython2.7-dev。在该文件 pyconfig.h 出现在正确的位置之后，pip install lxlm 成功安装了 lxml 包。