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我有随机颜色选择器的代码，但不是随机数字。我需要它在 5 到 20 之间选择一个随机数 15 次，但问题是所有 15 个数字的总和必须等于 227
我有一个随机颜色生成器的代码，但我不知道如何生成数字以及如何得到总数 227
import turtle
import random
turtle.bgcolor("black")
t = turtle.Pen()
t.width(4)
colours = ["yellow", "orange", "red"]
for i in range(60):
t.pencolor(colours[random.randint(0,2)])
t.forward(100)
t.back(100)
t.left(6)
最佳答案
我们来分析一下问题:
我们将生成 14 个数字并手动添加第 15 个数字以获得正确的总和。
但我会更改@jfaccioni 一次生成所有数字的方法并提前重新启动循环:例如如果我们生成 5 5 次，我们就已经知道我们无法得到正确的和! (5*5+20*(15-5) < 227)
def rng_list():
while True:
rng_list = []
current_sum = 0
for i in range(14):
r = random.randint(5, 20)
rng_list.append(r)
current_sum+= r
if not 5*(14-i) <= 227-current_sum <= 20*(14-i): #`i` goes from 0 to 14, so 14-i is how many (from 15) numbers are still not calculated
break
if len(rng_list) == 14:
rng_list.append(227-current_sum)
return rng_list
print("Pass failed with list {}, sum {} - trying again.".format(rng_list, current_sum)) #added to debug/show how it works
我添加了 print 来监控它在写作时的工作方式，您可以将其更改为一个计数器，您需要重新滚动列表的次数。但现在您还可以看到失败尝试的长度有何不同，因为我们每次都会监控当前总和!
>>> rng_list()
Pass failed with list [12, 7, 18, 20, 12, 12, 15, 7, 15, 16, 7], sum 141 - trying again.
Pass failed with list [17, 6, 20, 5, 16, 18, 5, 19, 19, 7, 8], sum 140 - trying again.
Pass failed with list [10, 15, 18, 10, 8, 8, 12, 12, 13], sum 106 - trying again.
Pass failed with list [9, 12, 8, 5, 17, 20, 20, 6, 8], sum 105 - trying again.
Pass failed with list [9, 16, 9, 16, 6, 17, 20, 15, 9, 11, 15], sum 143 - trying again.
Pass failed with list [5, 14, 13, 12, 12, 13, 13, 9, 8], sum 99 - trying again.
Pass failed with list [11, 9, 5, 11, 11, 13, 18, 7], sum 85 - trying again.
Pass failed with list [10, 12, 19, 9, 14, 16, 11, 19, 5, 5], sum 120 - trying again.
Pass failed with list [11, 10, 8, 10, 10, 17, 17, 9, 19, 14], sum 125 - trying again.
Pass failed with list [13, 11, 7, 15, 14, 7, 5, 10], sum 82 - trying again.
Pass failed with list [11, 6, 7, 20, 6, 17, 18, 12, 8], sum 105 - trying again.
Pass failed with list [16, 17, 9, 18, 7, 8, 17, 14, 13, 13, 14], sum 146 - trying again.
[19, 6, 18, 9, 19, 20, 15, 14, 16, 15, 11, 18, 11, 20, 16]
>>> rng_list()
Pass failed with list [17, 6, 8, 9, 14, 17, 13, 8, 10], sum 102 - trying again.
Pass failed with list [7, 16, 12, 8, 20, 19, 18, 15, 5, 5], sum 125 - trying again.
Pass failed with list [5, 7, 6, 15, 12, 17, 6, 10], sum 78 - trying again.
Pass failed with list [17, 18, 8, 17, 18, 6, 10, 16, 18, 18, 6, 5], sum 157 - trying again.
Pass failed with list [10, 13, 9, 11, 11, 5, 18, 17, 13, 12], sum 119 - trying again.
Pass failed with list [20, 8, 8, 7, 14, 16, 17, 15, 15, 19, 13, 15, 17], sum 184 - trying again.
Pass failed with list [19, 12, 10, 15, 12, 13, 20, 14, 12, 6, 9], sum 142 - trying again.
Pass failed with list [9, 5, 13, 10, 15, 10, 13, 14, 7], sum 96 - trying again.
Pass failed with list [15, 12, 5, 19, 6, 5, 5, 17], sum 84 - trying again.
Pass failed with list [8, 5, 7, 11, 15, 16, 12, 18, 13], sum 105 - trying again.
Pass failed with list [15, 14, 10, 9, 8, 6, 10, 15, 18], sum 105 - trying again.
Pass failed with list [14, 17, 10, 13, 16, 8, 5, 6, 14], sum 103 - trying again.
Pass failed with list [10, 12, 19, 9, 5, 18, 12, 8, 9], sum 102 - trying again.
Pass failed with list [15, 10, 11, 19, 12, 12, 18, 15, 13, 8, 19, 11], sum 163 - trying again.
Pass failed with list [10, 20, 17, 11, 20, 11, 14, 13, 18, 5, 5], sum 144 - trying again.
Pass failed with list [20, 8, 11, 16, 18, 16, 15, 12, 9, 14, 15, 18, 13], sum 185 - trying again.
Pass failed with list [16, 7, 20, 11, 12, 16, 11, 9, 5, 13], sum 120 - trying again.
Pass failed with list [10, 12, 19, 9, 14, 15, 17, 19, 7, 11, 17, 17, 7], sum 174 - trying again.
Pass failed with list [5, 5, 6, 12, 10, 16, 10], sum 64 - trying again.
Pass failed with list [16, 18, 20, 14, 20, 19, 16, 7, 5, 12, 9, 11, 15], sum 182 - trying again.
Pass failed with list [14, 7, 13, 15, 16, 12, 20, 5, 5, 13], sum 120 - trying again.
Pass failed with list [17, 16, 9, 20, 13, 9, 9, 17, 19, 19, 7, 13, 18], sum 186 - trying again.
Pass failed with list [16, 11, 18, 17, 14, 16, 9, 10, 14, 19, 17, 6, 17], sum 184 - trying again.
Pass failed with list [12, 9, 9, 16, 10, 12, 18, 17, 16, 12, 18, 15], sum 164 - trying again.
[15, 14, 11, 14, 13, 13, 18, 19, 19, 13, 14, 6, 19, 16, 23]
>>> rng_list()
[13, 8, 15, 5, 17, 19, 14, 15, 17, 19, 20, 14, 17, 15, 19]
(在输出中添加空行以提高可读性。)
关于python - 如何生成15个总和等于特定数的随机数，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/57556795/