我一直在尝试编译加速度计的代码，该代码可从两个来源获得，但引用了 github 上的相同代码:
https://github.com/ayildirim/OpenVR
https://github.com/ptrbrtz/razor-9dof-ahrs/
这两个源都包含以下 arduino 代码(c++):
#define HW__VERSION_CODE 10736 // SparkFun "9DOF Razor IMU" version "SEN-10736" (HMC5883L magnetometer)
// OUTPUT OPTIONS
/*****************************************************************/
// Set your serial port baud rate used to send out data here!
#define OUTPUT__BAUD_RATE 57600
// Sensor data output interval in milliseconds
// This may not work, if faster than 20ms (=50Hz)
// Code is tuned for 20ms, so better leave it like that
#define OUTPUT__DATA_INTERVAL 20 // in milliseconds
// Output mode definitions (do not change)
#define OUTPUT__MODE_CALIBRATE_SENSORS 0 // Outputs sensor min/max values as text for manual calibration
#define OUTPUT__MODE_ANGLES 1 // Outputs yaw/pitch/roll in degrees
#define OUTPUT__MODE_SENSORS_CALIB 2 // Outputs calibrated sensor values for all 9 axes
#define OUTPUT__MODE_SENSORS_RAW 3 // Outputs raw (uncalibrated) sensor values for all 9 axes
#define OUTPUT__MODE_SENSORS_BOTH 4 // Outputs calibrated AND raw sensor values for all 9 axes
// Output format definitions (do not change)
#define OUTPUT__FORMAT_TEXT 0 // Outputs data as text
#define OUTPUT__FORMAT_BINARY 1 // Outputs data as binary float
// Select your startup output mode and format here!
int output_mode = OUTPUT__MODE_ANGLES;
int output_format = OUTPUT__FORMAT_TEXT;
// Select if serial continuous streaming output is enabled per default on startup.
#define OUTPUT__STARTUP_STREAM_ON true // true or false
// If set true, an error message will be output if we fail to read sensor data.
// Message format: "!ERR: reading <sensor>", followed by "\r\n".
boolean output_errors = false; // true or false
// Bluetooth
// You can set this to true, if you have a Rovering Networks Bluetooth Module attached.
// The connect/disconnect message prefix of the module has to be set to "#".
// (Refer to manual, it can be set like this: SO,#)
// When using this, streaming output will only be enabled as long as we're connected. That way
// receiver and sender are synchronzed easily just by connecting/disconnecting.
// It is not necessary to set this! It just makes life easier when writing code for
// the receiving side. The Processing test sketch also works without setting this.
// NOTE: When using this, OUTPUT__STARTUP_STREAM_ON has no effect!
#define OUTPUT__HAS_RN_BLUETOOTH false // true or false
// SENSOR CALIBRATION
/*****************************************************************/
// How to calibrate? Read the tutorial at http://dev.qu.tu-berlin.de/projects/sf-razor-9dof-ahrs
// Put MIN/MAX and OFFSET readings for your board here!
// Accelerometer
// "accel x,y,z (min/max) = X_MIN/X_MAX Y_MIN/Y_MAX Z_MIN/Z_MAX"
#define ACCEL_X_MIN ((float) -289)
#define ACCEL_X_MAX ((float) 294)
#define ACCEL_Y_MIN ((float) -268)
#define ACCEL_Y_MAX ((float) 288)
#define ACCEL_Z_MIN ((float) -294)
#define ACCEL_Z_MAX ((float) 269)
// Magnetometer (standard calibration)
// "magn x,y,z (min/max) = X_MIN/X_MAX Y_MIN/Y_MAX Z_MIN/Z_MAX"
//#define MAGN_X_MIN ((float) -600)
//#define MAGN_X_MAX ((float) 600)
//#define MAGN_Y_MIN ((float) -600)
//#define MAGN_Y_MAX ((float) 600)
//#define MAGN_Z_MIN ((float) -600)
//#define MAGN_Z_MAX ((float) 600)
// Magnetometer (extended calibration)
// Uncommend to use extended magnetometer calibration (compensates hard & soft iron errors)
#define CALIBRATION__MAGN_USE_EXTENDED true
const float magn_ellipsoid_center[3] = {
3.80526, -16.4455, 87.4052};
const float magn_ellipsoid_transform[3][3] = {
{
0.970991, 0.00583310, -0.00265756 }
, {
0.00583310, 0.952958, 2.76726e-05 }
, {
-0.00265756, 2.76726e-05, 0.999751 }
};
// Gyroscope
// "gyro x,y,z (current/average) = .../OFFSET_X .../OFFSET_Y .../OFFSET_Z
#define GYRO_AVERAGE_OFFSET_X ((float) 23.85)
#define GYRO_AVERAGE_OFFSET_Y ((float) -53.41)
#define GYRO_AVERAGE_OFFSET_Z ((float) -15.32)
/*
// Calibration example:
// "accel x,y,z (min/max) = -278.00/270.00 -254.00/284.00 -294.00/235.00"
#define ACCEL_X_MIN ((float) -278)
#define ACCEL_X_MAX ((float) 270)
#define ACCEL_Y_MIN ((float) -254)
#define ACCEL_Y_MAX ((float) 284)
#define ACCEL_Z_MIN ((float) -294)
#define ACCEL_Z_MAX ((float) 235)
// "magn x,y,z (min/max) = -511.00/581.00 -516.00/568.00 -489.00/486.00"
//#define MAGN_X_MIN ((float) -511)
//#define MAGN_X_MAX ((float) 581)
//#define MAGN_Y_MIN ((float) -516)
//#define MAGN_Y_MAX ((float) 568)
//#define MAGN_Z_MIN ((float) -489)
//#define MAGN_Z_MAX ((float) 486)
// Extended magn
#define CALIBRATION__MAGN_USE_EXTENDED true
const float magn_ellipsoid_center[3] = {91.5, -13.5, -48.1};
const float magn_ellipsoid_transform[3][3] = {{0.902, -0.00354, 0.000636}, {-0.00354, 0.9, -0.00599}, {0.000636, -0.00599, 1}};
// Extended magn (with Sennheiser HD 485 headphones)
//#define CALIBRATION__MAGN_USE_EXTENDED true
//const float magn_ellipsoid_center[3] = {72.3360, 23.0954, 53.6261};
//const float magn_ellipsoid_transform[3][3] = {{0.879685, 0.000540833, -0.0106054}, {0.000540833, 0.891086, -0.0130338}, {-0.0106054, -0.0130338, 0.997494}};
//"gyro x,y,z (current/average) = -32.00/-34.82 102.00/100.41 -16.00/-16.38"
#define GYRO_AVERAGE_OFFSET_X ((float) -34.82)
#define GYRO_AVERAGE_OFFSET_Y ((float) 100.41)
#define GYRO_AVERAGE_OFFSET_Z ((float) -16.38)
*/
// DEBUG OPTIONS
/*****************************************************************/
// When set to true, gyro drift correction will not be applied
#define DEBUG__NO_DRIFT_CORRECTION false
// Print elapsed time after each I/O loop
#define DEBUG__PRINT_LOOP_TIME false
/*****************************************************************/
/****************** END OF USER SETUP AREA! *********************/
/*****************************************************************/
// Check if hardware version code is defined
#ifndef HW__VERSION_CODE
// Generate compile error
#error YOU HAVE TO SELECT THE HARDWARE YOU ARE USING! See "HARDWARE OPTIONS" in "USER SETUP AREA" at top of Razor_AHRS.pde (or .ino)!
#endif
#include <Wire.h>
#include <Compass.h>
#include <DCM.h>
#include <Math.h>
#include <Output.h>
#include <Sensors.h>
// Sensor calibration scale and offset values
#define ACCEL_X_OFFSET ((ACCEL_X_MIN + ACCEL_X_MAX) / 2.0f)
#define ACCEL_Y_OFFSET ((ACCEL_Y_MIN + ACCEL_Y_MAX) / 2.0f)
#define ACCEL_Z_OFFSET ((ACCEL_Z_MIN + ACCEL_Z_MAX) / 2.0f)
#define ACCEL_X_SCALE (GRAVITY / (ACCEL_X_MAX - ACCEL_X_OFFSET))
#define ACCEL_Y_SCALE (GRAVITY / (ACCEL_Y_MAX - ACCEL_Y_OFFSET))
#define ACCEL_Z_SCALE (GRAVITY / (ACCEL_Z_MAX - ACCEL_Z_OFFSET))
#define MAGN_X_OFFSET ((MAGN_X_MIN + MAGN_X_MAX) / 2.0f)
#define MAGN_Y_OFFSET ((MAGN_Y_MIN + MAGN_Y_MAX) / 2.0f)
#define MAGN_Z_OFFSET ((MAGN_Z_MIN + MAGN_Z_MAX) / 2.0f)
#define MAGN_X_SCALE (100.0f / (MAGN_X_MAX - MAGN_X_OFFSET))
#define MAGN_Y_SCALE (100.0f / (MAGN_Y_MAX - MAGN_Y_OFFSET))
#define MAGN_Z_SCALE (100.0f / (MAGN_Z_MAX - MAGN_Z_OFFSET))
// Gain for gyroscope (ITG-3200)
#define GYRO_GAIN 0.06957 // Same gain on all axes
#define GYRO_SCALED_RAD(x) (x * TO_RAD(GYRO_GAIN)) // Calculate the scaled gyro readings in radians per second
// DCM parameters
#define Kp_ROLLPITCH 0.02f
#define Ki_ROLLPITCH 0.00002f
#define Kp_YAW 1.2f
#define Ki_YAW 0.00002f
// Stuff
#define STATUS_LED_PIN 13 // Pin number of status LED
#define GRAVITY 256.0f // "1G reference" used for DCM filter and accelerometer calibration
#define TO_RAD(x) (x * 0.01745329252) // *pi/180
#define TO_DEG(x) (x * 57.2957795131) // *180/pi
// Sensor variables
float accel[3]; // Actually stores the NEGATED acceleration (equals gravity, if board not moving).
float accel_min[3];
float accel_max[3];
float magnetom[3];
float magnetom_min[3];
float magnetom_max[3];
float magnetom_tmp[3];
float gyro[3];
float gyro_average[3];
int gyro_num_samples = 0;
// DCM variables
float MAG_Heading;
float Accel_Vector[3]= {
0, 0, 0}; // Store the acceleration in a vector
float Gyro_Vector[3]= {
0, 0, 0}; // Store the gyros turn rate in a vector
float Omega_Vector[3]= {
0, 0, 0}; // Corrected Gyro_Vector data
float Omega_P[3]= {
0, 0, 0}; // Omega Proportional correction
float Omega_I[3]= {
0, 0, 0}; // Omega Integrator
float Omega[3]= {
0, 0, 0};
float errorRollPitch[3] = {
0, 0, 0};
float errorYaw[3] = {
0, 0, 0};
float DCM_Matrix[3][3] = {
{
1, 0, 0 }
, {
0, 1, 0 }
, {
0, 0, 1 }
};
float Update_Matrix[3][3] = {
{
0, 1, 2 }
, {
3, 4, 5 }
, {
6, 7, 8 }
};
float Temporary_Matrix[3][3] = {
{
0, 0, 0 }
, {
0, 0, 0 }
, {
0, 0, 0 }
};
// Euler angles
float yaw;
float pitch;
float roll;
// DCM timing in the main loop
unsigned long timestamp;
unsigned long timestamp_old;
float G_Dt; // Integration time for DCM algorithm
// More output-state variables
boolean output_stream_on;
boolean output_single_on;
int curr_calibration_sensor = 0;
boolean reset_calibration_session_flag = true;
int num_accel_errors = 0;
int num_magn_errors = 0;
int num_gyro_errors = 0;
void read_sensors() {
Read_Gyro(); // Read gyroscope
Read_Accel(); // Read accelerometer
Read_Magn(); // Read magnetometer
}
// Read every sensor and record a time stamp
// Init DCM with unfiltered orientation
// TODO re-init global vars?
void reset_sensor_fusion() {
float temp1[3];
float temp2[3];
float xAxis[] = {
1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f };
read_sensors();
timestamp = millis();
// GET PITCH
// Using y-z-plane-component/x-component of gravity vector
pitch = -atan2(accel[0], sqrt(accel[1] * accel[1] + accel[2] * accel[2]));
// GET ROLL
// Compensate pitch of gravity vector
Vector_Cross_Product(temp1, accel, xAxis);
Vector_Cross_Product(temp2, xAxis, temp1);
// Normally using x-z-plane-component/y-component of compensated gravity vector
// roll = atan2(temp2[1], sqrt(temp2[0] * temp2[0] + temp2[2] * temp2[2]));
// Since we compensated for pitch, x-z-plane-component equals z-component:
roll = atan2(temp2[1], temp2[2]);
// GET YAW
Compass_Heading();
yaw = MAG_Heading;
// Init rotation matrix
init_rotation_matrix(DCM_Matrix, yaw, pitch, roll);
}
// Apply calibration to raw sensor readings
void compensate_sensor_errors() {
// Compensate accelerometer error
accel[0] = (accel[0] - ACCEL_X_OFFSET) * ACCEL_X_SCALE;
accel[1] = (accel[1] - ACCEL_Y_OFFSET) * ACCEL_Y_SCALE;
accel[2] = (accel[2] - ACCEL_Z_OFFSET) * ACCEL_Z_SCALE;
// Compensate magnetometer error
#if CALIBRATION__MAGN_USE_EXTENDED == true
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
magnetom_tmp[i] = magnetom[i] - magn_ellipsoid_center[i];
Matrix_Vector_Multiply(magn_ellipsoid_transform, magnetom_tmp, magnetom);
#else
magnetom[0] = (magnetom[0] - MAGN_X_OFFSET) * MAGN_X_SCALE;
magnetom[1] = (magnetom[1] - MAGN_Y_OFFSET) * MAGN_Y_SCALE;
magnetom[2] = (magnetom[2] - MAGN_Z_OFFSET) * MAGN_Z_SCALE;
#endif
// Compensate gyroscope error
gyro[0] -= GYRO_AVERAGE_OFFSET_X;
gyro[1] -= GYRO_AVERAGE_OFFSET_Y;
gyro[2] -= GYRO_AVERAGE_OFFSET_Z;
}
// Reset calibration session if reset_calibration_session_flag is set
void check_reset_calibration_session()
{
// Raw sensor values have to be read already, but no error compensation applied
// Reset this calibration session?
if (!reset_calibration_session_flag) return;
// Reset acc and mag calibration variables
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
accel_min[i] = accel_max[i] = accel[i];
magnetom_min[i] = magnetom_max[i] = magnetom[i];
}
// Reset gyro calibration variables
gyro_num_samples = 0; // Reset gyro calibration averaging
gyro_average[0] = gyro_average[1] = gyro_average[2] = 0.0f;
reset_calibration_session_flag = false;
}
void turn_output_stream_on()
{
output_stream_on = true;
digitalWrite(STATUS_LED_PIN, HIGH);
}
void turn_output_stream_off()
{
output_stream_on = false;
digitalWrite(STATUS_LED_PIN, LOW);
}
// Blocks until another byte is available on serial port
char readChar()
{
while (Serial.available() < 1) {
} // Block
return Serial.read();
}
void setup()
{
// Init serial output
Serial.begin(OUTPUT__BAUD_RATE);
// Init status LED
pinMode (STATUS_LED_PIN, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(STATUS_LED_PIN, LOW);
// Init sensors
delay(50); // Give sensors enough time to start
I2C_Init();
Accel_Init();
Magn_Init();
Gyro_Init();
// Read sensors, init DCM algorithm
delay(20); // Give sensors enough time to collect data
reset_sensor_fusion();
// Init output
#if (OUTPUT__HAS_RN_BLUETOOTH == true) || (OUTPUT__STARTUP_STREAM_ON == false)
turn_output_stream_off();
#else
turn_output_stream_on();
#endif
}
// Main loop
void loop()
{
// Read incoming control messages
if (Serial.available() >= 2)
{
if (Serial.read() == '#') // Start of new control message
{
int command = Serial.read(); // Commands
if (command == 'f') // request one output _f_rame
output_single_on = true;
else if (command == 's') // _s_ynch request
{
// Read ID
byte id[2];
id[0] = readChar();
id[1] = readChar();
// Reply with synch message
Serial.print("#SYNCH");
Serial.write(id, 2);
Serial.println();
}
else if (command == 'o') // Set _o_utput mode
{
char output_param = readChar();
if (output_param == 'n') // Calibrate _n_ext sensor
{
curr_calibration_sensor = (curr_calibration_sensor + 1) % 3;
reset_calibration_session_flag = true;
}
else if (output_param == 't') // Output angles as _t_ext
{
output_mode = OUTPUT__MODE_ANGLES;
output_format = OUTPUT__FORMAT_TEXT;
}
else if (output_param == 'b') // Output angles in _b_inary format
{
output_mode = OUTPUT__MODE_ANGLES;
output_format = OUTPUT__FORMAT_BINARY;
}
else if (output_param == 'c') // Go to _c_alibration mode
{
output_mode = OUTPUT__MODE_CALIBRATE_SENSORS;
reset_calibration_session_flag = true;
}
else if (output_param == 's') // Output _s_ensor values
{
char values_param = readChar();
char format_param = readChar();
if (values_param == 'r') // Output _r_aw sensor values
output_mode = OUTPUT__MODE_SENSORS_RAW;
else if (values_param == 'c') // Output _c_alibrated sensor values
output_mode = OUTPUT__MODE_SENSORS_CALIB;
else if (values_param == 'b') // Output _b_oth sensor values (raw and calibrated)
output_mode = OUTPUT__MODE_SENSORS_BOTH;
if (format_param == 't') // Output values as _t_text
output_format = OUTPUT__FORMAT_TEXT;
else if (format_param == 'b') // Output values in _b_inary format
output_format = OUTPUT__FORMAT_BINARY;
}
else if (output_param == '0') // Disable continuous streaming output
{
turn_output_stream_off();
reset_calibration_session_flag = true;
}
else if (output_param == '1') // Enable continuous streaming output
{
reset_calibration_session_flag = true;
turn_output_stream_on();
}
else if (output_param == 'e') // _e_rror output settings
{
char error_param = readChar();
if (error_param == '0') output_errors = false;
else if (error_param == '1') output_errors = true;
else if (error_param == 'c') // get error count
{
Serial.print("#AMG-ERR:");
Serial.print(num_accel_errors);
Serial.print(",");
Serial.print(num_magn_errors);
Serial.print(",");
Serial.println(num_gyro_errors);
}
}
}
#if OUTPUT__HAS_RN_BLUETOOTH == true
// Read messages from bluetooth module
// For this to work, the connect/disconnect message prefix of the module has to be set to "#".
else if (command == 'C') // Bluetooth "#CONNECT" message (does the same as "#o1")
turn_output_stream_on();
else if (command == 'D') // Bluetooth "#DISCONNECT" message (does the same as "#o0")
turn_output_stream_off();
#endif // OUTPUT__HAS_RN_BLUETOOTH == true
}
else
{
} // Skip character
}
// Time to read the sensors again?
if((millis() - timestamp) >= OUTPUT__DATA_INTERVAL)
{
timestamp_old = timestamp;
timestamp = millis();
if (timestamp > timestamp_old)
G_Dt = (float) (timestamp - timestamp_old) / 1000.0f; // Real time of loop run. We use this on the DCM algorithm (gyro integration time)
else G_Dt = 0;
// Update sensor readings
read_sensors();
if (output_mode == OUTPUT__MODE_CALIBRATE_SENSORS) // We're in calibration mode
{
check_reset_calibration_session(); // Check if this session needs a reset
if (output_stream_on || output_single_on) output_calibration(curr_calibration_sensor);
}
else if (output_mode == OUTPUT__MODE_ANGLES) // Output angles
{
// Apply sensor calibration
compensate_sensor_errors();
// Run DCM algorithm
Compass_Heading(); // Calculate magnetic heading
Matrix_update();
Normalize();
Drift_correction();
Euler_angles();
if (output_stream_on || output_single_on) output_angles();
}
else // Output sensor values
{
if (output_stream_on || output_single_on) output_sensors();
}
output_single_on = false;
#if DEBUG__PRINT_LOOP_TIME == true
Serial.print("loop time (ms) = ");
Serial.println(millis() - timestamp);
#endif
}
#if DEBUG__PRINT_LOOP_TIME == true
else
{
Serial.println("waiting...");
}
#endif
}
而且，代码只包含用于 I2C 通信的库，但还有 5 个文件(.ino，只是一个 .cpp)，其中声明的函数很少。
仅仅尝试编译代码，就会出现以下错误:
Final_arduino_code.ino: In function ‘void read_sensors()’:
Final_arduino_code:427: error: ‘Read_Gyro’ was not declared in this scope
Final_arduino_code:428: error: ‘Read_Accel’ was not declared in this scope
Final_arduino_code:429: error: ‘Read_Magn’ was not declared in this scope
Final_arduino_code.ino: In function ‘void reset_sensor_fusion()’:
Final_arduino_code:450: error: ‘Vector_Cross_Product’ was not declared in this scope
Final_arduino_code:458: error: ‘Compass_Heading’ was not declared in this scope
Final_arduino_code:462: error: ‘init_rotation_matrix’ was not declared in this scope
Final_arduino_code.ino: In function ‘void compensate_sensor_errors()’:
Final_arduino_code:476: error: ‘Matrix_Vector_Multiply’ was not declared in this scope
Final_arduino_code.ino: In function ‘void setup()’:
Final_arduino_code:541: error: ‘I2C_Init’ was not declared in this scope
Final_arduino_code:542: error: ‘Accel_Init’ was not declared in this scope
Final_arduino_code:543: error: ‘Magn_Init’ was not declared in this scope
Final_arduino_code:544: error: ‘Gyro_Init’ was not declared in this scope
Final_arduino_code.ino: In function ‘void loop()’:
Final_arduino_code:675: error: ‘output_calibration’ was not declared in this scope
Final_arduino_code:683: error: ‘Compass_Heading’ was not declared in this scope
Final_arduino_code:684: error: ‘Matrix_update’ was not declared in this scope
Final_arduino_code:685: error: ‘Normalize’ was not declared in this scope
Final_arduino_code:686: error: ‘Drift_correction’ was not declared in this scope
Final_arduino_code:687: error: ‘Euler_angles’ was not declared in this scope
Final_arduino_code:689: error: ‘output_angles’ was not declared in this scope
Final_arduino_code:693: error: ‘output_sensors’ was not declared in this scope
好吧，大多数函数已在该主代码同一文件夹中的其他文件中声明，但是，我尝试为每个文件创建一个 header (.h)，只是声明函数，它不起作用，我尝试按原样包含文件，但不起作用，尝试将它们更改为 .cpp 并包含，但不起作用。
我将问题发布到两个 github 页面，但仍然没有得到答复。
请帮助我修复这些错误，提前致谢。
最佳答案
but there are 5 more files (.ino which is simply an .cpp)
事情没那么简单，它们不是 .cpp 文件。它们应该使用 Ino 工具包(项目主页 is here)构建。 。从您得到的编译器错误来看，您没有使用这个工具包。
缺少的核心部分是 .h 文件，编译器通常需要这些文件来了解 Read_Gyro() 等函数的外观。目前您列出的项目没有 .h 文件，也没有相应的 #include 指令。实际上不确定 Ino 是如何工作的，但我猜它的作用就像一个预处理器，在让编译器丢失之前将 .ino 文件合并到一大堆源代码中。
强烈建议使用该工具包来取得成功并避免重大更改。
关于c++ - Arduino IDE下编译错误(Missing Library)，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24948648/