linux - Bash 列更改

Question

我在列中有一些数据，但是有些数据混淆了我的列号，使 bash 操作变得困惑，下面的数据是我正在使用的数据(但是有超过 100 万行)。我对第 8 和第 9 列中的数字感兴趣:

2014-05-10 08:47:57.373  3600.633 UDP      114.31.255.90:57844 ->      42.209.2.47:52436    1.3 M    1.8 G     1
2014-05-10 09:50:39.609  3601.385 UDP      114.31.255.90:57844 ->   60.120.101.149:47403    1.0 M    1.5 G     1
2014-05-10 10:00:14.064  3607.106 UDP      114.31.255.90:57844 ->    46.83.205.250:32307    2.0 M    3.0 G     1
2014-05-10 10:03:04.263  3644.192 UDP      114.31.255.90:57844 ->       1.32.33.64:10933   987743    1.4 G     1
2014-05-10 11:07:16.247   546.764 TCP      105.51.244.36:80    ->   114.31.255.222:55580   797919    1.2 G     1
2014-05-10 10:46:15.190  2332.334 UDP      114.31.255.90:57844 ->     43.95.27.215:53394    1.1 M    1.7 G     1
2014-05-10 11:00:49.005  1458.456 UDP      114.31.255.90:57844 ->   39.150.172.138:39326    1.2 M    1.7 G     1
2014-05-09 23:53:03.625    56.271 ICMP    61.114.116.140:3     ->    114.31.255.88:0.3          2      318     1
2014-05-09 23:53:59.833     0.000 UDP      114.31.255.88:15360 ->    24.56.237.230:24752        1      131     1
2014-05-09 23:53:59.835     0.000 UDP      114.31.255.88:15360 ->    154.115.89.25:28904        1      131     1
2014-05-09 23:53:59.767     0.174 TCP      105.51.244.40:80    ->    114.31.255.41:28520       13     6675     1
2014-05-09 23:53:59.409     0.000 UDP      114.31.255.70:53    ->   114.31.255.244:54604        1      536     1
2014-05-09 23:53:59.621     0.333 TCP      105.51.244.40:80    ->    114.31.255.41:28519       16     7034     1

我使用 tr 通过将所有空间变成一个空间来简化数据处理:

tr -s ' ' 

这使得使用(下面)更容易:

cut -f [column number(s)] -d ' '

然而，当一个值有 G 或 M 时，它会混淆列编号。我想改变例如:

2014-05-10 11:00:49.005  1458.456 UDP      114.31.255.90:57844 ->   39.150.172.138:39326    1.2 M    1.7 G   1

到

2014-05-10 11:00:49.005  1458.456 UDP      114.31.255.90:57844 ->   39.150.172.138:39326    1.2M    1.7G   1

我试过了

tr ' G ' 'G '
tr ' M ' 'M '

也在不同的配置中使用 [:space:] 但是我没有成功。

Answer 1

tr 不像 sed 那样工作，因为它逐个字符地转换。像这样使用 sed:

sed 's/ \([MG] \)/\1/g'

解释:

/ \([MG] \)/  # match space followed by letter M or G and followed by another space.
              # Also capture matched letter in matched group #1
\1            # replace by back-reference #1