c++ - 系统范围的 libxml2 不工作，从源代码编译在配置中失败

Question

系统级 libxml2

我想在 IBM BlueGene/Q 安装的 JUQUEEN super 计算机上编译 Chroma 物理模拟套件。前端在 RedHat Linux 6 上运行。架构在前端和计算节点上都是 PowerPC 7。它们使用的 CPU 不同，前端有 IBM Power 740，计算节点是 IBM Power A2 芯片。使用 mpigcc 和 mpig++ 等编译器自动为计算节点交叉编译。

可以使用 module 将程序的现代版本加载到路径中。存在对其他两个必须编译的库的依赖性。我现在已经完成了 qmp。 qdpxx 也依赖于 libxml2，这就是我卡住的地方:

chroma --- qdpxx --- qmp
                 \-- libxml2

在我的 Fedora 24 工作站上，我可以使用 libxml2 的系统范围安装来编译 qdpxx。我刚刚安装了 RPM 包 libxml2 和 libxml2-devel 并且不必为 指定任何 -with-libxml2=DIR 参数>qdpxx/配置。

在 super 计算机前端，我得到这个:

+ ./configure --prefix=/homec/hbn28/hbn28e/local/ --host=powerpc64-bgq-linux --build=powerpc64-unknown-linux-gnu --enable-bgq-thread-binding --enable-openmp --enable-parallel-arch=parscalar --enable-precision=double --enable-parallel-io --enable-qdp-alignment=128 --with-qmp=/homec/hbn28/hbn28e/local/ 'CFLAGS=-O2 -finline-limit=50000 -I/usr/local/bg_soft/mpich3/include -Wall -Wpedantic -fdiagnostics-color=auto --std=c99 -fopenmp --std=gnu99' 'CXXFLAGS=-O2 -finline-limit=50000 -I/usr/local/bg_soft/mpich3/include -Wall -Wpedantic -fdiagnostics-color=auto --std=c++11 -fopenmp' LDFLAGS= LIBS= CC=/bgsys/local/gcc/4.9.3/bin/mpigcc CXX=/bgsys/local/gcc/4.9.3/bin/mpig++
checking for C++ compiler default output file name... a.out
checking whether the C++ compiler works... yes
checking whether we are cross compiling... yes
checking for suffix of executables... 
checking for suffix of object files... o
checking whether we are using the GNU C++ compiler... yes
checking whether /bgsys/local/gcc/4.9.3/bin/mpig++ accepts -g... yes
checking for powerpc64-bgq-linux-ranlib... no
checking for ranlib... ranlib
configure: WARNING: using cross tools not prefixed with host triplet
checking for powerpc64-bgq-linux-ar... no
checking for ar... ar
checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c
checking whether build environment is sane... yes
checking for powerpc64-bgq-linux-strip... no
checking for strip... strip
checking for a thread-safe mkdir -p... /bin/mkdir -p
checking for gawk... gawk
checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... yes
checking for style of include used by make... GNU
checking dependency style of /bgsys/local/gcc/4.9.3/bin/mpig++... gcc3
configure: Configuring QDP++ for Nd = 4
configure: Configuring QDP++ for Nc = 3
configure: Configuring QDP++ for Ns = 4
configure: Configuring QDP++ Alignment size=16
configure: Fallback to generic C routines if needed: yes
configure: Enabling BGQ Thread Binding
configure: Configuring for double precision  
configure: Configuring QDP++ with cb2 layout
configure:  Parscalar build! Checking for QMP 
checking for qmp-config... /homec/hbn28/hbn28e/local//bin/qmp-config
configure: Found QMP configuration program /homec/hbn28/hbn28e/local//bin/qmp-config
configure: QMP compile flags: -I/homec/hbn28/hbn28e/local/include
configure: QMP linking flags: -L/homec/hbn28/hbn28e/local/lib
configure: QMP libraries flags: -lqmp
checking if we can compile/link of a simple QMP C++ program... yes
Value of with_libxml2 is XX
checking for xml2-config... /usr/bin/xml2-config
configure: Found libxml2 configuration program 
configure: libxml2 compile flags: -I/usr/include/libxml2
configure: libxml2 libraries flags: -lxml2 -lz -lm
checking if we can compile/link a simple libxml2 program... no
configure: error: Cannot compile/link a program with libxml2.
    Use --with-libxml2=<dir> to select a working version.

在qdpxx/config.log中，相关部分在这里:

configure:4321: checking for xml2-config
configure:4339: found /usr/bin/xml2-config
configure:4351: result: /usr/bin/xml2-config
configure:4370: Found libxml2 configuration program 
configure:4374: libxml2 compile flags: -I/usr/include/libxml2
configure:4378: libxml2 libraries flags: -lxml2 -lz -lm
configure:4386: checking if we can compile/link a simple libxml2 program
configure:4434: /bgsys/local/gcc/4.9.3/bin/mpig++ -o conftest -O2 -finline-limit=50000 -I/usr/local/bg_soft/mpich3/include -Wall -Wpedantic -fdiagnostics-color=auto --std=c++11 -fopenmp -I/usr/include/libxml2    conftest.cpp  -lxml2 -lz -lm >&5
conftest.cpp: In function 'int main()':
conftest.cpp:30:16: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to 'char*' [-Wwrite-strings]
  char *docname="foo";
                ^
conftest.cpp:28:13: warning: unused variable 'argc' [-Wunused-variable]
         int argc ; char **argv ;
             ^
conftest.cpp:28:27: warning: unused variable 'argv' [-Wunused-variable]
         int argc ; char **argv ;
                           ^
conftest.cpp:29:19: warning: variable 'doc' set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable]
         xmlDocPtr doc;
                   ^
/usr/local/bg_soft/gcc/4.9.3/bin/../lib/gcc/powerpc64-bgq-linux/4.9.3/../../../../powerpc64-bgq-linux/bin/ld: cannot find -lxml2
/usr/local/bg_soft/gcc/4.9.3/bin/../lib/gcc/powerpc64-bgq-linux/4.9.3/../../../../powerpc64-bgq-linux/bin/ld: cannot find -lz
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
configure:4441: $? = 1
configure: failed program was:
| /* confdefs.h.  */
| #define PACKAGE_NAME "qdp++"
| #define PACKAGE_TARNAME "qdp--"
| #define PACKAGE_VERSION "1.44.0"
| #define PACKAGE_STRING "qdp++ 1.44.0"
| #define PACKAGE_BUGREPORT "edwards@jlab.org"
| #define PACKAGE "qdp--"
| #define VERSION "1.44.0"
| #define QDP_ND 4
| #define QDP_NC 3
| #define QDP_NS 4
| #define QDP_AC_ALIGNMENT_SIZE 16
| #define QDP_USE_GENERIC_OPTS 1
| #define QDP_USE_BLUEGENEL 1
| #define BASE_PRECISION 64
| #define QDP_USE_CB2_LAYOUT 1
| #define ARCH_PARSCALAR 1
| #define QDP_USE_LIBXML2 1
| /* end confdefs.h.  */
| 
|         #include <libxml/xmlmemory.h>
|       #include <libxml/parser.h>
| 
| int
| main ()
| {
| 
|         int argc ; char **argv ;
|         xmlDocPtr doc;
|       char *docname="foo";
|       doc = xmlParseFile(docname);
|          ;
|          ;
| 
|   ;
|   return 0;
| }
configure:4483: result: no
configure:4486: error: Cannot compile/link a program with libxml2.
    Use --with-libxml2=<dir> to select a working version.

cannot find -lxml2 听起来好像没有 /usr/lib/libxml2.so。事实上，那里没有。运行 locate libxml 会得到以下有趣的行:

/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/xpath.h
...
/usr/include/libxml2/libxml/xpointer.h
/usr/lib/libxml2.so.2
/usr/lib/libxml2.so.2.7.6
/usr/lib64/libxml2.so
/usr/lib64/libxml2.so.2
/usr/lib64/libxml2.so.2.7.6

显然 32 位版本有一个奇怪的别名，只有 64 位版本有一个常规的别名。尝试添加 -L/usr/lib64 结果破坏了其他东西:

+ ./configure --prefix=/homec/hbn28/hbn28e/local/ --host=powerpc64-bgq-linux --build=powerpc64-unknown-linux-gnu --enable-bgq-thread-binding --enable-openmp --enable-parallel-arch=parscalar --enable-precision=double --enable-parallel-io --enable-qdp-alignment=128 --with-qmp=/homec/hbn28/hbn28e/local/ 'CFLAGS=-O2 -finline-limit=50000 -I/usr/local/bg_soft/mpich3/include -Wall -Wpedantic -fdiagnostics-color=auto --std=c99 -fopenmp --std=gnu99' 'CXXFLAGS=-O2 -finline-limit=50000 -I/usr/local/bg_soft/mpich3/include -Wall -Wpedantic -fdiagnostics-color=auto --std=c++11 -fopenmp' LDFLAGS=-L/usr/lib64/ LIBS= CC=/bgsys/local/gcc/4.9.3/bin/mpigcc CXX=/bgsys/local/gcc/4.9.3/bin/mpig++
checking for C++ compiler default output file name... 
configure: error: in `/homec/hbn28/hbn28e/qdpxx':
configure: error: C++ compiler cannot create executables
See `config.log' for more details.

在日志文件中，它说如下:

configure:2159: /bgsys/local/gcc/4.9.3/bin/mpig++ -O2 -finline-limit=50000 -I/usr/local/bg_soft/mpich3/include -Wall -Wpedantic -fdiagnostics-color=auto --std=c++11 -fopenmp  -L/usr/lib64/ conftest.cpp  >&5
/usr/local/bg_soft/gcc/4.9.3/bin/../lib/gcc/powerpc64-bgq-linux/4.9.3/../../../../powerpc64-bgq-linux/lib/crt1.o: In function `_start_no_magic':
(.text+0x58): undefined reference to `__libc_no_magic_start_main'
/bgsys/local/gcc/4.9.3/powerpc64-bgq-linux/lib/libdl.so.2: undefined reference to `_dl_addr_range@GLIBC_PRIVATE'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
configure:2163: $? = 1
configure:2201: result: 
configure: failed program was:
| /* confdefs.h.  */
| #define PACKAGE_NAME "qdp++"
| #define PACKAGE_TARNAME "qdp--"
| #define PACKAGE_VERSION "1.44.0"
| #define PACKAGE_STRING "qdp++ 1.44.0"
| #define PACKAGE_BUGREPORT "edwards@jlab.org"
| /* end confdefs.h.  */
| 
| int
| main ()
| {
| 
|   ;
|   return 0;
| }
configure:2207: error: in `/homec/hbn28/hbn28e/qdpxx':
configure:2210: error: C++ compiler cannot create executables

似乎我刚刚丢弃了库可以驻留的所有其他路径，因此不再构建任何内容。

尝试创建从 /usr/lib/libxml2.so.2 到 $HOME/libxml2.so 的符号链接(symbolic link)并添加 -L$HOME 也没有用。

尝试从 Git 编译 libxml2

在这一点上，我停止追求系统范围的安装，并尝试从 Git 存储库安装 libxml2。所以我克隆了存储库并输入了 ./autogen.sh。这个失败的说法:

Checking zlib
./configure: line 12546: syntax error near unexpected token `Z,zlib,'
./configure: line 12546: `    PKG_CHECK_MODULES(Z,zlib,'

那里的 autotools 声称是 2.69 版。这是安装在大学集群上的相同版本(它也失败了)。在我的 Fedora 24 工作站上安装了相同的版本，但 ./autogen.sh 只是运行并创建了一个 Makefile。

---

我现在有点迷茫。 libxml2 的构建脚本是否在 ppc64 RedHat 和 amd64 Debian 大学集群上失败但不是我的x86_64 Fedora 笔记本电脑？

如何让 qdpxx 的 configure 脚本使用 libxml2 的系统范围安装？它确实已经使用 xml2-config 提取了正确的标志:

configure: libxml2 compile flags: -I/usr/include/libxml2
configure: libxml2 libraries flags: -lxml2 -lz -lm

如何进一步编译我的程序？

Answer 1

在源目录中运行 ln -fs/usr/share/aclocal/pkg.m4 . 使 configure 找到 PKG_PROG_PKG_CONFIG。但是，仍然存在语法错误。重新运行 autoreconf 创建了一个 configure 文件，现在不再有任何语法错误。