我的定制硬件基于 imax6q 处理器。我正在使用的内核 - Linux-boundary 4.1.15。在我的自定义硬件设计上运行 linux 应用程序时，我遇到了内核错误。那么我该如何调试才能弄清楚这是硬件相关问题还是软件问题？或者如何解决哪个内存正在损坏？
目前我正在使用 addr2line -e vmlinux_with_debug_info 804a47e8 来解码内核崩溃消息。但它仅在发生 panic 时(程序计数器停止的地方)显示内核源代码。
1) 作为以下内核日志的示例，当我解码 [804a47e8] 时，它只提供内核源代码。那么您知道如何识别哪个内存将要损坏吗？或者我们可以获得更多详细信息吗？
例如:
使用 addr2line>>
root@osboxes:/home/debug# addr2line -e vmlinux 804a47e8
/yocto/fsl-community-bsp/build/workspace/sources/linux-
boundary/lib/rbtree.c:457
所以源是 rbtree.c，第 457 行会崩溃。
if (node->rb_right) {
node = node->rb_right;
while (node->rb_left) **//Line 457**
node=node->rb_left;
return (struct rb_node *)node;
}
在文件 entry-armv.S 中，第 1219 行指向 addr2line
vectors_start:
>>W(b) vector_rst **//Line 1219**
W(b) vector_und
W(ldr) pc, __vectors_start + 0x1000
W(b) vector_pabt
W(b) vector_dabt
W(b) vector_addrexcptn
W(b) vector_irq
W(b) vector_fiq
像这样我可以识别一些文件；
entry-armv.S
timerqueue.c
thread_info.h
spinlock.c
和他们的台词。有了这个我怎么知道内核或内存出了什么问题？
2) 如果内核崩溃日志指向上述文件，当崩溃发生时我们可以从中找出什么？我们可以找到内存为什么会损坏以及这些信息的原因吗？
内核崩溃日志
[ 6814.239517] Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual
address 00000408
[ 6814.247646] pgd = 80004000
[ 6814.250364] [00000408] *pgd=00000000
[ 6814.253979] Internal error: Oops: 17 [#1] PREEMPT SMP ARM
[ 6814.259387] Modules linked in: mxc_v4l2_capture ipu_bg_overlay_sdc tw6869
videobuf2_dma_contig ipu_still ipu_prp_enc videobuf2_memops ipu_csi_enc
adv7610_video ipu_fg_overlay_sdc v4l2_int_device galcore(O)[ 6814.276790]
DEBUG: ADV7610 HDMI cable detected TENGRI-RC
[ 6814.280811] DEBUG: ADV7610 read 1280x720p
[ 6814.282531] DEBUG: ADV7610 returned 1280x720p@61
[ 6814.291626]
[ 6814.293327] CPU: 1 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/1 Tainted: G O 4.1.15-2.0.0-
ga+yocto+gff4e28b #1
[ 6814.302558] Hardware name: Freescale i.MX6 Quad/DualLite (Device Tree)
[ 6814.309096] task: ce11b200 ti: ce14a000 task.ti: ce14a000
[ 6814.314520] PC is at rb_next+0x2c/0x6c
[ 6814.318282] LR is at timerqueue_del+0x48/0x80
[ 6814.322647] pc : [<804a47e8>] lr : [<804a7128>] psr: 20030193
[ 6814.322647] sp : ce14bd80 ip : ce14bd90 fp : ce14bd8c
[ 6814.334128] r10: 00000002 r9 : 00000001 r8 : ce14be40
[ 6814.339356] r7 : d0f0f650 r6 : 00000000 r5 : d0f0f404 r4 : d0f0f650
[ 6814.345887] r3 : 00000400 r2 : d0f0f650 r1 : d0f0f650 r0 : 00000400
[ 6814.352419] Flags: nzCv IRQs off FIQs on Mode SVC_32 ISA ARM Segment
kernel
[ 6814.359819] Control: 10c5387d Table: 5e96404a DAC: 00000015
[ 6814.365569] Process swapper/1 (pid: 0, stack limit = 0xce14a210)
[ 6814.371580] Stack: (0xce14bd80 to 0xce14c000)
[ 6814.375945] bd80: ce14bdac ce14bd90 804a7128 804a47c8 d0f0f650 d0f0f3f8
00000000 d0f0f650
[ 6814.384128] bda0: ce14bddc ce14bdb0 8018fa6c 804a70ec 00000000 d0f0f650
00000632 d0f0f3f8
[ 6814.392311] bdc0: d0f0f3c0 ce14be40 00000001 d0f0f4d8 ce14be04 ce14bde0
8019025c 8018fa30
[ 6814.400494] bde0: 8a653461 00000632 d0f0f3f8 00000000 d0f0f3c0 00000001
ce14be7c ce14be08
[ 6814.408677] be00: 80190894 80190210 8a653461 00000632 80e02508 d0f0f4d0
d0f0f498 d0f0f460
[ 6814.416860] be20: 00000003 d0f0f3f8 ffffffff 7fffffff 8a653461 00000632
8a653461 00000632
[ 6814.425042] be40: 8a653461 00000632 ce14be6c dc8ba30f 00008648 80d98648
80d99c34 00000001
[ 6814.433225] be60: 80e88b48 00000000 00000001 80e02508 ce14be94 ce14be80
801a061c 80190768
[ 6814.441407] be80: 80d99c34 80d99c34 ce14bec4 ce14be98 8010ff50 801a05e0
ce14bee8 f4a0010c
[ 6814.449590] bea0: 80e02f7c ce14bee8 f4a00100 d0f11ed0 80e08b14 80e02508
ce14bee4 ce14bec8
[ 6814.457772] bec0: 80101594 8010fd60 806fb0b0 60030013 ffffffff ce14bf1c
ce14bf8c ce14bee8
[ 6814.465955] bee0: 8010d240 80101538 00000000 80ed4c20 dc8ba30f dc8ba30f
89d010b1 00000632
[ 6814.474137] bf00: 80e89160 00000004 d0f11ed0 80e08b14 80e02508 ce14bf8c
ce14bed0 ce14bf30
[ 6814.482320] bf20: 80944994 806fb0b0 60030013 ffffffff 8a652374 00000632
89d010b1 00000632
[ 6814.490502] bf40: 00000004 00000000 0094f441 00000001 8a652374 00000632
00000000 dc8ba30f
[ 6814.498685] bf60: 80d97320 ce14a000 80e025e8 80e89160 d0f11ed0 80e08a74
80a02970 ce14bfa0
[ 6814.506868] bf80: ce14bf9c ce14bf90 806fb390 806faffc ce14bfdc ce14bfa0
80171a74 806fb378
[ 6814.515050] bfa0: 80d9b880 80d9b880 00000000 80e02e00 80e025f0 80e888ea
00000001 80c137fc
[ 6814.523233] bfc0: 80d9aec8 80d97300 10c0387d 80e8e35c ce14bff4 ce14bfe0
8010fae0 801717d8
[ 6814.531416] bfe0: 5e13006a 00000015 00000000 ce14bff8 1010162c 8010f994
5b3c779b 85ac6ed7
[ 6814.539594] Backtrace:
[ 6814.542068] [<804a47bc>] (rb_next) from [<804a7128>]
(timerqueue_del+0x48/0x80)
[ 6814.549393] [<804a70e0>] (timerqueue_del) from [<8018fa6c>]
(__remove_hrtimer+0x48/0xdc)
[ 6814.557487] r7:d0f0f650 r6:00000000 r5:d0f0f3f8 r4:d0f0f650
[ 6814.563218] [<8018fa24>] (__remove_hrtimer) from [<8019025c>]
(__run_hrtimer+0x58/0x284)
[ 6814.571310] r10:d0f0f4d8 r9:00000001 r8:ce14be40 r7:d0f0f3c0 r6:d0f0f3f8
r5:00000632
[ 6814.579220] r4:d0f0f650 r3:00000000
[ 6814.582837] [<80190204>] (__run_hrtimer) from [<80190894>]
(hrtimer_interrupt+0x138/0x344)
[ 6814.591104] r9:00000001 r8:d0f0f3c0 r7:00000000 r6:d0f0f3f8 r5:00000632
r4:8a653461
[ 6814.598940] [<8019075c>] (hrtimer_interrupt) from [<801a061c>]
(tick_receive_broadcast+0x48/0x60)
[ 6814.607813] r10:80e02508 r9:00000001 r8:00000000 r7:80e88b48 r6:00000001
r5:80d99c34
[ 6814.615721] r4:80d98648
[ 6814.618283] [<801a05d4>] (tick_receive_broadcast) from [<8010ff50>]
(handle_IPI+0x1fc/0x2f8)
[ 6814.626723] r5:80d99c34 r4:80d99c34
[ 6814.630337] [<8010fd54>] (handle_IPI) from [<80101594>]
(gic_handle_irq+0x68/0x6c)
[ 6814.637909] r10:80e02508 r9:80e08b14 r8:d0f11ed0 r7:f4a00100 r6:ce14bee8
r5:80e02f7c
[ 6814.645818] r4:f4a0010c r3:ce14bee8
[ 6814.649431] [<8010152c>] (gic_handle_irq) from [<8010d240>]
(__irq_svc+0x40/0x74)
[ 6814.656917] Exception stack(0xce14bee8 to 0xce14bf30)
[ 6814.661974] bee0: 00000000 80ed4c20 dc8ba30f dc8ba30f 89d010b1 00000632
[ 6814.670157] bf00: 80e89160 00000004 d0f11ed0 80e08b14 80e02508 ce14bf8c
ce14bed0 ce14bf30
[ 6814.678338] bf20: 80944994 806fb0b0 60030013 ffffffff
[ 6814.683392] r7:ce14bf1c r6:ffffffff r5:60030013 r4:806fb0b0
[ 6814.689129] [<806faff0>] (cpuidle_enter_state) from [<806fb390>]
(cpuidle_enter+0x24/0x28)
[ 6814.697395] r10:ce14bfa0 r9:80a02970 r8:80e08a74 r7:d0f11ed0 r6:80e89160
r5:80e025e8
[ 6814.705304] r4:ce14a000
[ 6814.707865] [<806fb36c>] (cpuidle_enter) from [<80171a74>]
(cpu_startup_entry+0x2a8/0x43c)
[ 6814.716137] [<801717cc>] (cpu_startup_entry) from [<8010fae0>]
(secondary_start_kernel+0x158/0x164)
[ 6814.725184] r7:80e8e35c
[ 6814.727743] [<8010f988>] (secondary_start_kernel) from [<1010162c>]
(0x1010162c)
[ 6814.735142] r5:00000015 r4:5e13006a
[ 6814.738754] Code: e5923004 e3530000 0a000004 e1a00003 (e5933008)
[ 6814.744855] ---[ end trace 4a16766634a9d08f ]---
[ 6814.749478] Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception in interrupt
[ 6814.755842] CPU0: stopping
[ 6814.758566] CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Tainted: G D O 4.1.15-2.0.0-
ga+yocto+gff4e28b #1
[ 6814.767789] Hardware name: Freescale i.MX6 Quad/DualLite (Device Tree)
[ 6814.774320] Backtrace:
[ 6814.776799] [<8010c358>] (dump_backtrace) from [<8010c5d4>]
(show_stack+0x20/0x24)
[ 6814.784372] r7:80e88b48 r6:80e45d94 r5:00000000 r4:80e45d94
[ 6814.790107] [<8010c5b4>] (show_stack) from [<8093ee58>]
(dump_stack+0x7c/0xbc)
[ 6814.797338] [<8093eddc>] (dump_stack) from [<80110038>]
(handle_IPI+0x2e4/0x2f8)
[ 6814.804737] r7:80e88b48 r6:00000005 r5:80d99c34 r4:80d99c34
[ 6814.810469] [<8010fd54>] (handle_IPI) from [<80101594>]
(gic_handle_irq+0x68/0x6c)
[ 6814.818041] r10:80e02508 r9:80e08b14 r8:d0f04ed0 r7:f4a00100 r6:80e01e98
r5:80e02f7c
[ 6814.825955] r4:f4a0010c r3:80e01e98
[ 6814.829571] [<8010152c>] (gic_handle_irq) from [<8010d240>]
(__irq_svc+0x40/0x74)
[ 6814.837057] Exception stack(0x80e01e98 to 0x80e01ee0)
[ 6814.842114] 1e80: 00000000 d0f084c0
[ 6814.850299] 1ea0: dc8ba30f dc8ba30f a8cb74e4 00000632 80e89160 00000004
d0f04ed0 80e08b14
[ 6814.858483] 1ec0: 80e02508 80e01f3c 80e01e80 80e01ee0 80944994 806fb0b0
600f0013 ffffffff
[ 6814.866662] r7:80e01ecc r6:ffffffff r5:600f0013 r4:806fb0b0
[ 6814.872399] [<806faff0>] (cpuidle_enter_state) from [<806fb390>]
(cpuidle_enter+0x24/0x28)
[ 6814.880665] r10:80e01f50 r9:80a02970 r8:80e08a74 r7:d0f04ed0 r6:80e89160
r5:80e025e8
[ 6814.888581] r4:80e00000
[ 6814.891140] [<806fb36c>] (cpuidle_enter) from [<80171a74>]
(cpu_startup_entry+0x2a8/0x43c)
[ 6814.899418] [<801717cc>] (cpu_startup_entry) from [<8093cb20>]
(rest_init+0x98/0x9c)
[ 6814.907165] r7:80e02500
[ 6814.909731] [<8093ca88>] (rest_init) from [<80d00d9c>]
(start_kernel+0x404/0x424)
[ 6814.917216] r5:80e8e000 r4:80e8e04c
[ 6814.920833] [<80d00998>] (start_kernel) from [<1000807c>] (0x1000807c)
[ 6814.927366] CPU3: stopping
[ 6814.930085] CPU: 3 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/3 Tainted: G D O 4.1.15-2.0.0-
ga+yocto+gff4e28b #1
[ 6814.939309] Hardware name: Freescale i.MX6 Quad/DualLite (Device Tree)
[ 6814.945839] Backtrace:
[ 6814.948315] [<8010c358>] (dump_backtrace) from [<8010c5d4>]
(show_stack+0x20/0x24)
[ 6814.955888] r7:80e88b48 r6:80e45d94 r5:00000000 r4:80e45d94
[ 6814.961621] [<8010c5b4>] (show_stack) from [<8093ee58>]
(dump_stack+0x7c/0xbc)
[ 6814.968852] [<8093eddc>] (dump_stack) from [<80110038>]
(handle_IPI+0x2e4/0x2f8)
[ 6814.976250] r7:80e88b48 r6:00000005 r5:80d99c34 r4:80d99c34
[ 6814.981983] [<8010fd54>] (handle_IPI) from [<80101594>]
(gic_handle_irq+0x68/0x6c)
[ 6814.989555] r10:80e02508 r9:80e08b14 r8:d0f2bed0 r7:f4a00100 r6:ce14fee8
r5:80e02f7c
[ 6814.997471] r4:f4a0010c r3:ce14fee8
[ 6815.001087] [<8010152c>] (gic_handle_irq) from [<8010d240>]
(__irq_svc+0x40/0x74)
[ 6815.008572] Exception stack(0xce14fee8 to 0xce14ff30)
[ 6815.013631] fee0: 00000000 d0f2f4c0 dc8ba30f dc8ba30f a8cc0d3c 00000632
[ 6815.021815] ff00: 80e89160 00000004 d0f2bed0 80e08b14 80e02508 ce14ff8c
ce14fed0 ce14ff30
[ 6815.029996] ff20: 80944994 806fb0b0 60010013 ffffffff
[ 6815.035050] r7:ce14ff1c r6:ffffffff r5:60010013 r4:806fb0b0
[ 6815.040786] [<806faff0>] (cpuidle_enter_state) from [<806fb390>]
(cpuidle_enter+0x24/0x28)
[ 6815.049052] r10:ce14ffa0 r9:80a02970 r8:80e08a74 r7:d0f2bed0 r6:80e89160
r5:80e025e8
[ 6815.056967] r4:ce14e000
[ 6815.059525] [<806fb36c>] (cpuidle_enter) from [<80171a74>]
(cpu_startup_entry+0x2a8/0x43c)
[ 6815.067798] [<801717cc>] (cpu_startup_entry) from [<8010fae0>]
(secondary_start_kernel+0x158/0x164)
[ 6815.076846] r7:80e8e35c
[ 6815.079404] [<8010f988>] (secondary_start_kernel) from [<1010162c>]
(0x1010162c)
[ 6815.086803] r5:00000015 r4:5e13006a
[ 6815.090414] CPU2: stopping
[ 6815.093135] CPU: 2 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/2 Tainted: G D O 4.1.15-2.0.0-
ga+yocto+gff4e28b #1
[ 6815.102358] Hardware name: Freescale i.MX6 Quad/DualLite (Device Tree)
[ 6815.108888] Backtrace:
[ 6815.111364] [<8010c358>] (dump_backtrace) from [<8010c5d4>]
(show_stack+0x20/0x24)
[ 6815.118937] r7:80e88b48 r6:80e45d94 r5:00000000 r4:80e45d94
[ 6815.124669] [<8010c5b4>] (show_stack) from [<8093ee58>]
(dump_stack+0x7c/0xbc)
[ 6815.131901] [<8093eddc>] (dump_stack) from [<80110038>]
(handle_IPI+0x2e4/0x2f8)
[ 6815.139300] r7:80e88b48 r6:00000005 r5:80d99c34 r4:80d99c34
[ 6815.145032] [<8010fd54>] (handle_IPI) from [<80101594>]
(gic_handle_irq+0x68/0x6c)
[ 6815.152604] r10:80e02508 r9:80e08b14 r8:d0f1eed0 r7:f4a00100 r6:ce14dee8
r5:80e02f7c
[ 6815.160519] r4:f4a0010c r3:ce14dee8
[ 6815.164134] [<8010152c>] (gic_handle_irq) from [<8010d240>]
(__irq_svc+0x40/0x74)
[ 6815.171620] Exception stack(0xce14dee8 to 0xce14df30)
[ 6815.176679] dee0: 00000000 d0f224c0 dc8ba30f dc8ba30f a87f549c 00000632
[ 6815.184863] df00: 80e89160 00000004 d0f1eed0 80e08b14 80e02508 ce14df8c
ce14ded0 ce14df30
[ 6815.193044] df20: 80944994 806fb0b0 60010013 ffffffff
[ 6815.198099] r7:ce14df1c r6:ffffffff r5:60010013 r4:806fb0b0
[ 6815.203834] [<806faff0>] (cpuidle_enter_state) from [<806fb390>]
(cpuidle_enter+0x24/0x28)
[ 6815.212100] r10:ce14dfa0 r9:80a02970 r8:80e08a74 r7:d0f1eed0 r6:80e89160
r5:80e025e8
[ 6815.220015] r4:ce14c000
[ 6815.222574] [<806fb36c>] (cpuidle_enter) from [<80171a74>]
(cpu_startup_entry+0x2a8/0x43c)
[ 6815.230847] [<801717cc>] (cpu_startup_entry) from [<8010fae0>]
(secondary_start_kernel+0x158/0x164)
[ 6815.239895] r7:80e8e35c
[ 6815.242453] [<8010f988>] (secondary_start_kernel) from [<1010162c>]
(0x1010162c)
[ 6815.249852] r5:00000015 r4:5e13006a
[ 6815.253467] ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception in
interrupt
问候， 彼得。
最佳答案
在源代码中，rb_next 被传递了一个指向树节点的指针。从您的 panic 日志中:
[ 6814.345887] r3 : 00000400 r2 : d0f0f650 r1 : d0f0f650 r0 : 00000400
在 ARM 上，r0 包含第一个参数，它看起来不像是有效地址。看到导致 OOPS 的取消引用是 0x00000408，所以 - 正如预期的那样 - 它在
while (node->rb_left) /* Here node == 0x00000408, which is `passed_node->rb_right` */
下一步，获取核心转储并检查有问题的计时器队列(来自 timerqueue_del)。
也许触发此事件的程序可以告诉我们更多信息。
关于c - 如何使用 Kernel Panic 日志确定内存损坏的原因？，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/50678692/