linux - Ansible:如何使用 shell 处理引号和空格

Question

我正在创建一个 playbook 以在 ansible 2.8.2 上使用以下 playbook 列出“/home”目录中的用户:

---
- name: Check users in /home directory
  hosts: REDHAT
  tasks:
  - name: List users
      shell: cat /etc/passwd | grep "/home" |cut -d ":" -f1| tr '\n' ' '
      register: output
      ignore_errors: yes

我遇到的问题是在带有引号和空格的命令末尾:'\n' ' '

我已经尝试使用双引号 ", {} 和 [] 但我仍然有语法错误

当我使用---syntax-check时的结果:

> The offending line appears to be:

  - name: List users
      shell: cat /etc/passwd | grep "/home" |cut -d ":" -f1| tr "'\n' ' '"
           ^ here
We could be wrong, but this one looks like it might be an issue with
unbalanced quotes. If starting a value with a quote, make sure the
line ends with the same set of quotes. For instance this arbitrary
example:

    foo: "bad" "wolf"

Could be written as:

    foo: '"bad" "wolf"'

在这种情况下我什么时候必须使用引号

Answer 1

花 Y 分钟阅读 Learn yaml in Y minute您将在其中了解到:

[Yaml is] a strict superset of JSON, with the addition of syntactically significant newlines and indentation, like Python. Unlike Python, however, YAML doesn’t allow literal tab characters for indentation.

您的问题根本不在于引号，而在于您的 shell 任务中代码的缩进:

---
- name: Check users in /home directory
  hosts: REDHAT
  tasks:
    - name: List users
      shell: cat /etc/passwd | grep "/home" |cut -d ":" -f1| tr '\n' ' '
      register: output
      ignore_errors: yes

请注意，使用 yamllint在你上面的文件中给出了一个稍微更精确的错误:

$ yamllint playbook_test.yml 
playbook_test.yml
  6:12      error    syntax error: mapping values are not allowed here