git - 在 Git 分支名称中使用斜杠字符

Question

我很确定我在一个流行的 Git 项目中的某个地方看到了分支具有类似“feature/xyz”的模式。

但是，当我尝试使用斜杠字符创建分支时，出现错误:

$ git branch labs/feature
error: unable to resolve reference refs/heads/labs/feature: Not a directory
fatal: Failed to lock ref for update: Not a directory

同样的问题(我最初的尝试):

$ git checkout -b labs/feature

如何在 Git 中创建带有斜杠字符的分支？

Answer 1

您确定分支 labs 不存在(如 this thread 中所示)吗？

You can't have both a file, and a directory with the same name.

You're trying to get git to do basically this:

% cd .git/refs/heads
% ls -l
total 0
-rw-rw-r-- 1 jhe jhe 41 2009-11-14 23:51 labs
-rw-rw-r-- 1 jhe jhe 41 2009-11-14 23:51 master
% mkdir labs
mkdir: cannot create directory 'labs': File exists

You're getting the equivalent of the "cannot create directory" error.
When you have a branch with slashes in it, it gets stored as a directory hierarchy under .git/refs/heads.

---

请注意，labs 不能是现有分支，如ddruganov在 the comments 中指出:

 git switch -c 19023-commerce/19033-commerce-view 19023-commerce

 # Fails with:

 fatal: cannot lock ref 'refs/heads/19073-commerce-view/99999-test-branch': 
 'refs/heads/19073-commerce-view' exists; 
  cannot create 'refs/heads/19073-commerce-view/99999-test-branch'

如“git push: refs/heads/my/subbranch exists, cannot create”中所述:

• If branch b exists, no branch named b/anything can be created.
• Likewise, if branch dev/b exists, dev/b/c cannot be created.

This is a git internal limitation.