Python 请求修改现有 cookie 值的正确方法是什么？

Question

我正在访问一个网页，该网页创建了一个带有值的 cookie，然后修改该值并从同一网站访问另一个页面。 在 python 中使用 librequests 我得到了以下 cookie: s 是使用 s = requests.Session()

打开的 session

In [63]: s.cookies
Out[63]: <RequestsCookieJar[Cookie(version=0, name='my_cookie', value='normal_value', port=None, port_specified=False, domain='my_domain.lol', domain_specified=False, domain_initial_dot=False, path='/my_path', path_specified=False, secure=False, expires=None, discard=True, comment=None, comment_url=None, rest={}, rfc2109=False)]>

我尝试了一些关于请求的事情，首先是:

[74]: s.cookies.set('my_cookie','new_value')
Out[74]: Cookie(version=0, name='my_cookie', value='new_value', port=None, port_specified=False, domain='/mydomain.lol', domain_specified=False, domain_initial_dot=False, path='/my_path', path_specified=True, secure=False, expires=None, discard=True, comment=None, comment_url=None, rest={'HttpOnly': None}, rfc2109=False)

但作为返回我得到了

In [75]: s.cookies
Out[75]: <RequestsCookieJar[Cookie(version=0, name='my_cookie', value='new_value', port=None, port_specified=False, domain='/mydomain.lol', domain_specified=False, domain_initial_dot=False, path='/my_path', path_specified=True, secure=False, expires=None, discard=True, comment=None, comment_url=None, rest={'HttpOnly': None}, rfc2109=False), 
Cookie(version=0, name='my_cookie', value='new_value', port=None, port_specified=False, domain='mydomain.lol', domain_specified=False, domain_initial_dot=False, path='/my_path', path_specified=False, secure=False, expires=None, discard=True, comment=None, comment_url=None, rest={}, rfc2109=False)]>

如您所见，我的新值并没有替换旧值，而是创建了一个新的 cookie，使用以下方法获得了相同的结果:

s.cookies['my_cookie'] = 'new_value'

然后我在设置 cookie 时尝试指定尽可能多的东西，它起作用了:

In [67]: s.cookies.set('my_cookie','new_value',domain='mydomain.lol',path='/my_path')
Out[67]: Cookie(version=0, name='my_cookie', value='new_value', port=None, port_specified=False, domain='mydomain.lol', domain_specified=True, domain_initial_dot=False, path='/my_path', path_specified=True, secure=False, expires=None, discard=True, comment=None, comment_url=None, rest={'HttpOnly': None}, rfc2109=False)

In [68]: s.cookies
Out[68]: <RequestsCookieJar[Cookie(version=0, name='my_cookie', value='new_value', port=None, port_specified=False, domain='mydomain.lol', domain_specified=True, domain_initial_dot=False, path='/my_path', path_specified=True, secure=False, expires=None, discard=True, comment=None, comment_url=None, rest={'HttpOnly': None}, rfc2109=False)]>

因此我的问题是，有没有更方便的方式来设置 cookie 而无需指定这么多东西？例如，通过获取数组的第一个 cookie？

Answer 1

可以先将值设为None:

  s.cookies.set('cookie', None)
  s.cookies.set('cookie', "new_value")

一个例子:

In [5]: import requests


In [6]: with requests.Session() as s:
   ...:         s.get('http://httpbin.org/cookies/set?c1=foo&c2=bar')
   ...:         r = s.get('http://httpbin.org/cookies')
   ...:         print(r.text)
   ...:         s.cookies.set('c1', None)
   ...:         s.cookies.set('c1', "foobar")
   ...:         print(s.cookies)
   ...:         r = s.get('http://httpbin.org/cookies')
   ...:         print(r.text)
   ...:     
{
  "cookies": {
    "c1": "foo", 
    "c2": "bar"
  }
}

<<class 'requests.cookies.RequestsCookieJar'>[<Cookie c1=foobar for />, <Cookie c2=bar for httpbin.org/>]>
{
  "cookies": {
    "c1": "foobar", 
    "c2": "bar"
  }
}