C++ 链接器错误，对应从共享对象引用的项的 undefined reference

Question

我正在构建一个名为 physgameengine 的库来帮助构建游戏。这个游戏库链接到几个库，包括:Ogre3d、Bullet Physics 和 SDL，它们在库文件 libOgreMain-1.6.5.so、libBulletCollision.a、libBulletDynamics.a、libBulletSoftBody.a、libSDL-1.2.so.0 中.这个库/共享对象似乎在 Ubuntu 9.10 中构建得很好，使用 GCC 和 Code::blocks。它在带有 mingw 和 Code::blocks 的 Windows 上构建良好。

在 Windows 中，我可以使用我构建的库制作编译/链接的游戏，这些程序运行并完全按照我的预期进行。在 Ubuntu 中，当我尝试编译/链接使用此库的游戏时，我得到了很多 undefined reference 错误。但是对我构建的库中的函数或对象没有影响，而是对我的库调用的项目没有影响。这是我遇到的错误示例。

> ||warning: libOgreMain-1.6.5.so, needed by ../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so, not found (try using -rpath or -rpath-link)|
../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so||undefined reference to `Ogre::Root::Root(std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)'|
../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so||undefined reference to `Ogre::StringUtil::BLANK'|
../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so||undefined reference to `btCollisionWorld::updateAabbs()'|
../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so||undefined reference to `Ogre::Root::createRenderWindow(std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, unsigned int, unsigned int, bool, std::map<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, std::less<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, std::allocator<std::pair<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > > > > const*)'|
../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so||undefined reference to `Ogre::Timer::getMilliseconds()'|
../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so||undefined reference to `Ogre::Root::createSceneManager(unsigned short, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)'|
../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so||undefined reference to `Ogre::Root::~Root()'|
../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so||undefined reference to `btCollisionWorld::~btCollisionWorld()'|
../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so||undefined reference to `Ogre::Root::renderOneFrame()'|
../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so||undefined reference to `btCollisionObject::btCollisionObject()'|
../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so||undefined reference to `Ogre::Timer::getMillisecondsCPU()'|
../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so||undefined reference to `btSimulationIslandManager::buildAndProcessIslands(btDispatcher*, btCollisionWorld*, btSimulationIslandManager::IslandCallback*)'|
../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so||undefined reference to `Ogre::Viewport::getActualWidth() const'|
../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so||undefined reference to `Ogre::Root::initialise(bool, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)'|
../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so||undefined reference to `Ogre::Camera::lookAt(Ogre::Vector3 const&)'|
../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so||undefined reference to `btCollisionWorld::removeCollisionObject(btCollisionObject*)'|
../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so||undefined reference to `Ogre::Viewport::getActualHeight() const'|
../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so||undefined reference to `Ogre::Timer::reset()'|
../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so||undefined reference to `Ogre::Root::restoreConfig()'|
../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so||undefined reference to `Ogre::Timer::~Timer()'|
../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so||undefined reference to `Ogre::NedAllocImpl::deallocBytes(void*)'|
../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so||undefined reference to `btCollisionWorld::convexSweepTest(btConvexShape const*, btTransform const&, btTransform const&, btCollisionWorld::ConvexResultCallback&, float) const'|
../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so||undefined reference to `Ogre::NedAllocImpl::allocBytes(unsigned int, char const*, int, char const*)'|
../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so||undefined reference to `typeinfo for btCollisionWorld'|
../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so||undefined reference to `btCollisionObject::~btCollisionObject()'|
../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so||undefined reference to `btSimulationIslandManager::btSimulationIslandManager()'|
../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so||undefined reference to `Ogre::Root::showConfigDialog()'|
../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so||undefined reference to `btCollisionObject::setActivationState(int)'|
../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so||undefined reference to `Ogre::LogManager::getSingleton()'|
../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so||undefined reference to `btCollisionWorld::performDiscreteCollisionDetection()'|
../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so||undefined reference to `Ogre::LogManager::logMessage(std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, Ogre::LogMessageLevel, bool)'|
../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so||undefined reference to `Ogre::Timer::Timer()'|
../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so||undefined reference to `btCollisionWorld::btCollisionWorld(btDispatcher*, btBroadphaseInterface*, btCollisionConfiguration*)'|
../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so||undefined reference to `typeinfo for btCollisionObject'|
../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so||undefined reference to `Ogre::Camera::setPosition(Ogre::Vector3 const&)'|
../physgameengine/bin/ubuntudebug/libphysgame.so||undefined reference to `btCollisionWorld::addCollisionObject(btCollisionObject*, short, short)'|
||=== Build finished: 36 errors, 1 warnings ===|

大部分代码在 Windows 和 Linux 之间是相同的，它们似乎具有相同的编译/链接器设置。但是 Linux 游戏似乎链接到我的库应该链接到的原始库。到底是怎么回事？关于如何修复它的任何想法？

Answer 1

与 Windows 不同，在 Linux 系统中，将共享库文件放入与可执行文件相同的文件夹中是不够的。

您应该提供一个 LD_LIBRARY_PATH 变量或遵循链接器的建议并使用 -rpath(检查 this question)