ajax - AJAX 可以使用 HTTP 或 HTTPS 以外的协议(protocol)吗？

Question

我想知道 AJAX 是否可以使用 HTTP 或 HTTPS 以外的协议(protocol)。

Answer 1

Ajax 表示 XMLHttpRequest .正如您不必将 XML 与 XHR 结合使用一样，您也不必使用 HTTP。

Despite its name, XMLHttpRequest can be used to retrieve any type of data, not just XML, and it supports protocols other than HTTP (including file and ftp).

来自W3C XMLHttpRequest spec (强调):

The XMLHttpRequest object implements an interface exposed by a scripting engine that allows scripts to perform HTTP client functionality, such as submitting form data or loading data from a server. It is the ECMAScript HTTP API.

The name of the object is XMLHttpRequest for compatibility with the Web, though each component of this name is potentially misleading. First, the object supports any text based format, including XML. Second, it can be used to make requests over both HTTP and HTTPS (some implementations support protocols in addition to HTTP and HTTPS, but that functionality is not covered by this specification). Finally, it supports "requests" in a broad sense of the term as it pertains to HTTP; namely all activity involved with HTTP requests or responses for the defined HTTP methods.

HTTP 和 HTTPS 以外的可用协议(protocol)是非标准化的，因此它们取决于您使用的特定环境¹。也就是说，所有兼容的 XHR 实现都必须支持 HTTP 和 HTTPS，但不需要支持任何其他特定协议(protocol)。这意味着您可能会发现 Internet Explorer 支持

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¹例如，哪个版本的浏览器(Safari vs Firefox vs Chrome vs _^IE vs Opera vs...)，或者哪个服务器端实现(V8 vs Rhino vs...)