Javascript canvas.toDataURL() 返回空白图像

Question

我有以下代码，可将图像转换为黑白图像:

var canvas = document.createElement('canvas');
var imgObj="data:image/png;base64,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";
var canvasContext = canvas.getContext('2d');


var imgW = 300;

var imgH = 300;
canvas.width = imgW;
canvas.height = imgH;

//canvasContext.drawImage(imgObj, 0, 0);

var imgPixels = canvasContext.getImageData(0, 0, imgW, imgH);


for(var y = 0; y < imgPixels.height; y++){
     for(var x = 0; x < imgPixels.width; x++){
          var i = (y * 4) * imgPixels.width + x * 4;
          var avg = (imgPixels.data[i] + imgPixels.data[i + 1] + imgPixels.data[i + 2]) / 3;
          imgPixels.data[i] = avg;
          imgPixels.data[i + 1] = avg;
          imgPixels.data[i + 2] = avg;
     }
}

canvasContext.putImageData(imgPixels, 0, 0, 0, 0, imgPixels.width, imgPixels.height);

console.log(canvas.toDataURL());

OUTPUT: data:image/png;base64,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 FWCEiBgsPwAAQIZAYOVqUpQAgQMlh8gQCAjYLAyVQlKgMADGTkBLe/7cXcAAAAASUVORK5CYII=

当我打开结果时，我看到空白图像!

我怀疑它的发生是因为我评论了这一行:

canvasContext.drawImage(imgObj, 0, 0);

但是当我取消注释这一行时，我得到:

Failed to execute 'drawImage' on 'CanvasRenderingContext2D': The provided value is not of type '(HTMLImageElement or HTMLVideoElement or HTMLCanvasElement or ImageBitmap)'

如何解决？

伪代码

输入:彩色图片base64字符串 输出黑白base64字符串

Answer 1

这样做:

var imgObj = new Image();
imgObj.src = "data:image/png;base64,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";

然后绘制图像:

canvasContext.drawImage(imgObj, 0, 0);

最后，您的代码以 base64 字符串格式输出灰度图像。

drawImage 需要一个图像对象作为第一个参数，而您只需提供一个 base64 字符串(尽管它可以生成图像)。