我尝试编译/构建谷歌测试样本，但当我无法让样本工作时，我决定尝试一些简化的东西。我发现这个视频详细介绍了如何设置单元测试并使用 google test 运行它们(但从命令行代替):http://vimeo.com/53690756
但是，假设源代码已正确实现并且我转到项目的属性并将 C/C++ 的附加包含目录设置为 g-test-1.6.0 包含目录，并将链接器的附加库目录设置为相同的 g- test-1.6.0 包含目录。但是，Linker > Input > Additional Dependencies，我写的是gtestd.lib。
我得到的唯一错误是 101 error LNK1103: cannot open file 'gtestd.lib'，我想我没有从视频中得到的是他们是如何生成静态库文件的？当我之前在另一个项目上使用调试运行构建时，我能够在 Debug 下获得一个 gtestd.lib 文件，我试图将该文件包含在 g-test-1.6.0 include 目录下，但后来我得到了 65 个链接器错误.
基本上，我要问的是如何在 Visual Studio 2010 中设置 google test 而不会出现库或链接器错误？我在哪里可以获得正确版本的 gtest.lib 或 gtestd.lib 以及我应该在哪里放置该库文件以便找到它？
以下是我收到的一些链接器错误:
Warning 65 warning LNK4098: defaultlib 'MSVCRTD' conflicts with use of other libs; use /NODEFAULTLIB:library C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\LINK Testproject99
Warning 66 warning LNK4098: defaultlib 'LIBCMTD' conflicts with use of other libs; use /NODEFAULTLIB:library C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\LINK Testproject99
Error 64 error LNK2005: _vprintf already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR100D.dll) C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\LIBCMTD.lib(vprintf.obj) Testproject99
Error 59 error LNK2005: _strtol already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR100D.dll) C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\LIBCMTD.lib(strtol.obj) Testproject99
Error 58 error LNK2005: _sprintf_s already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR100D.dll) C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\LIBCMTD.lib(sprintf.obj) Testproject99
Error 63 error LNK2005: _printf already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR100D.dll) C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\LIBCMTD.lib(printf.obj) Testproject99
Error 49 error LNK2005: _mainCRTStartup already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(crtexe.obj) C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\LIBCMTD.lib(crt0.obj) Testproject99
Error 45 error LNK2005: _localeconv already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR100D.dll) C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\LIBCMTD.lib(lconv.obj) Testproject99
Error 44 error LNK2005: _fflush already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR100D.dll) C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\LIBCMTD.lib(fflush.obj) Testproject99
Error 39 error LNK2005: _exit already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR100D.dll) C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\LIBCMTD.lib(crt0dat.obj) Testproject99
Error 50 error LNK2005: __XcptFilter already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR100D.dll) C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\LIBCMTD.lib(winxfltr.obj) Testproject99
Error 62 error LNK2005: __vsnprintf_s already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR100D.dll) C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\LIBCMTD.lib(vsnprnc.obj) Testproject99
Error 48 error LNK2005: __unlock already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR100D.dll) C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\LIBCMTD.lib(mlock.obj) Testproject99
Error 60 error LNK2005: __strtoui64 already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR100D.dll) C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\LIBCMTD.lib(strtoq.obj) Testproject99
Error 37 error LNK2005: __open_osfhandle already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR100D.dll) C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\LIBCMTD.lib(osfinfo.obj) Testproject99
Error 47 error LNK2005: __lock already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR100D.dll) C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\LIBCMTD.lib(mlock.obj) Testproject99
Error 57 error LNK2005: __invoke_watson already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR100D.dll) C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\LIBCMTD.lib(invarg.obj) Testproject99
Error 56 error LNK2005: __invalid_parameter already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR100D.dll) C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\LIBCMTD.lib(invarg.obj) Testproject99
Error 29 error LNK2005: "public: static void __cdecl std::_Locinfo::_Locinfo_ctor(class std::_Locinfo *,char const *)" (?_Locinfo_ctor@_Locinfo@std@@SAXPAV12@PBD@Z) already defined in msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP100D.dll) C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\libcpmtd.lib(locale0.obj) Testproject99
Error 23 error LNK2005: "public: class std::locale::facet * __thiscall std::locale::facet::_Decref(void)" (?_Decref@facet@locale@std@@QAEPAV123@XZ) already defined in gtestd.lib(gtest-all.obj) C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP100D.dll) Testproject99
Error 22 error LNK2005: "public: class std::basic_ostream<char,struct std::char_traits<char> > & __thiscall std::basic_ostream<char,struct std::char_traits<char> >::operator<<(int)" (??6?$basic_ostream@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@@std@@QAEAAV01@H@Z) already defined in gtestd.lib(gtest-all.obj) C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP100D.dll) Testproject99
Error 3 error LNK2005: "public: __thiscall std::basic_iostream<char,struct std::char_traits<char> >::basic_iostream<char,struct std::char_traits<char> >(class std::basic_streambuf<char,struct std::char_traits<char> > *)" (??0?$basic_iostream@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@@std@@QAE@PAV?$basic_streambuf@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@@1@@Z) already defined in gtestd.lib(gtest-all.obj) C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP100D.dll) Testproject99
Error 32 error LNK2005: "public: __thiscall std::_Lockit::~_Lockit(void)" (??1_Lockit@std@@QAE@XZ) already defined in msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP100D.dll) C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\libcpmtd.lib(xlock.obj) Testproject99
Error 31 error LNK2005: "public: __thiscall std::_Lockit::_Lockit(int)" (??0_Lockit@std@@QAE@H@Z) already defined in msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP100D.dll) C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\libcpmtd.lib(xlock.obj) Testproject99
Error 18 error LNK2005: "public: __thiscall std::_Container_base12::~_Container_base12(void)" (??1_Container_base12@std@@QAE@XZ) already defined in gtestd.lib(gtest-all.obj) C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP100D.dll) Testproject99
Error 21 error LNK2005: "public: __thiscall std::_Container_base12::_Container_base12(void)" (??0_Container_base12@std@@QAE@XZ) already defined in gtestd.lib(gtest-all.obj) C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP100D.dll) Testproject99
Error 11 error LNK2005: "protected: void __thiscall std::basic_streambuf<char,struct std::char_traits<char> >::setp(char *,char *,char *)" (?setp@?$basic_streambuf@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@@std@@IAEXPAD00@Z) already defined in gtestd.lib(gtest-all.obj) C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP100D.dll) Testproject99
Error 8 error LNK2005: "protected: void __thiscall std::basic_streambuf<char,struct std::char_traits<char> >::setp(char *,char *)" (?setp@?$basic_streambuf@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@@std@@IAEXPAD0@Z) already defined in gtestd.lib(gtest-all.obj) C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP100D.dll) Testproject99
Error 27 error LNK2005: "private: static class std::locale::_Locimp * __cdecl std::locale::_Getgloballocale(void)" (?_Getgloballocale@locale@std@@CAPAV_Locimp@12@XZ) already defined in msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP100D.dll) C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\libcpmtd.lib(locale0.obj) Testproject99
Error 67 error LNK1169: one or more multiply defined symbols found C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Debug\Testproject99.exe Testproject99
我开始按照 Chemistpp 的步骤重新开始，当我将“_VARIADIC_MAX=10”添加到预处理器时，我在构建解决方案时收到了这些警告(但没有错误)。
Warning 108 warning MSB8012: TargetPath(C:\Users\smorsi\Desktop\gtest-1.6.0\gtest-1.6.0\msvc\gtest-md/Debug\gtest_unittest-md.exe) does not match the Linker's OutputFile property value (C:\Users\smorsi\Desktop\gtest-1.6.0\gtest-1.6.0\msvc\gtest-md\Debug\gtest_unittest.exe). This may cause your project to build incorrectly. To correct this, please make sure that $(OutDir), $(TargetName) and $(TargetExt) property values match the value specified in %(Link.OutputFile). C:\Program Files\MSBuild\Microsoft.Cpp\v4.0\Microsoft.CppBuild.targets 990 6 gtest_unittest-md
Warning 106 warning MSB8012: TargetPath(C:\Users\smorsi\Desktop\gtest-1.6.0\gtest-1.6.0\msvc\gtest-md/Debug\gtest_prod_test-md.exe) does not match the Linker's OutputFile property value (C:\Users\smorsi\Desktop\gtest-1.6.0\gtest-1.6.0\msvc\gtest-md\Debug\gtest_prod_test.exe). This may cause your project to build incorrectly. To correct this, please make sure that $(OutDir), $(TargetName) and $(TargetExt) property values match the value specified in %(Link.OutputFile). C:\Program Files\MSBuild\Microsoft.Cpp\v4.0\Microsoft.CppBuild.targets 990 6 gtest_prod_test-md
Warning 104 warning MSB8012: TargetPath(C:\Users\smorsi\Desktop\gtest-1.6.0\gtest-1.6.0\msvc\gtest-md/Debug\gtest_main-md.lib) does not match the Library's OutputFile property value (C:\Users\smorsi\Desktop\gtest-1.6.0\gtest-1.6.0\msvc\gtest-md\Debug\gtest_main-mdd.lib). This may cause your project to build incorrectly. To correct this, please make sure that $(OutDir), $(TargetName) and $(TargetExt) property values match the value specified in %(Lib.OutputFile). C:\Program Files\MSBuild\Microsoft.Cpp\v4.0\Microsoft.CppBuild.targets 1151 6 gtest_main-md
Warning 102 warning MSB8012: TargetPath(C:\Users\smorsi\Desktop\gtest-1.6.0\gtest-1.6.0\msvc\gtest-md/Debug\gtest-md.lib) does not match the Library's OutputFile property value (C:\Users\smorsi\Desktop\gtest-1.6.0\gtest-1.6.0\msvc\gtest-md\Debug\gtestd.lib). This may cause your project to build incorrectly. To correct this, please make sure that $(OutDir), $(TargetName) and $(TargetExt) property values match the value specified in %(Lib.OutputFile). C:\Program Files\MSBuild\Microsoft.Cpp\v4.0\Microsoft.CppBuild.targets 1151 6 gtest-md
Warning 109 warning MSB8012: TargetName(gtest_unittest-md) does not match the Linker's OutputFile property value (gtest_unittest). This may cause your project to build incorrectly. To correct this, please make sure that $(OutDir), $(TargetName) and $(TargetExt) property values match the value specified in %(Link.OutputFile). C:\Program Files\MSBuild\Microsoft.Cpp\v4.0\Microsoft.CppBuild.targets 992 6 gtest_unittest-md
Warning 107 warning MSB8012: TargetName(gtest_prod_test-md) does not match the Linker's OutputFile property value (gtest_prod_test). This may cause your project to build incorrectly. To correct this, please make sure that $(OutDir), $(TargetName) and $(TargetExt) property values match the value specified in %(Link.OutputFile). C:\Program Files\MSBuild\Microsoft.Cpp\v4.0\Microsoft.CppBuild.targets 992 6 gtest_prod_test-md
Warning 105 warning MSB8012: TargetName(gtest_main-md) does not match the Library's OutputFile property value (gtest_main-mdd). This may cause your project to build incorrectly. To correct this, please make sure that $(OutDir), $(TargetName) and $(TargetExt) property values match the value specified in %(Lib.OutputFile). C:\Program Files\MSBuild\Microsoft.Cpp\v4.0\Microsoft.CppBuild.targets 1153 6 gtest_main-md
Warning 103 warning MSB8012: TargetName(gtest-md) does not match the Library's OutputFile property value (gtestd). This may cause your project to build incorrectly. To correct this, please make sure that $(OutDir), $(TargetName) and $(TargetExt) property values match the value specified in %(Lib.OutputFile). C:\Program Files\MSBuild\Microsoft.Cpp\v4.0\Microsoft.CppBuild.targets 1153 6 gtest-md
最佳答案
错误告诉你问题所在。它找不到 gtest.lib。我刚刚提供了一个 SSCCE证明这确实有效。首先阅读gtest documentation并注意您需要从源代码构建库。这样做时，在使用 MSVC 时，您会遇到错误，因为 MSVC 不支持与 variadics 有关的内容。 ？我用了this solution并将本着不通过链接提供答案的精神在此概述。
第 1 步:下载 gtest 1.6
第 2 步:提取到目录，DIR。
第 3 步:导航到 DIR/msvc
第 4 步:双击 gtest-md.sln 并根据需要进行迁移。您会收到一些警告。
第 5 步:对于解决方案中的每个 项目，右键单击并将其添加到 C/C++ 中的预处理器定义中。 _VARIADIC_MAX=10
第 6 步:构建解决方案。
第 7 步:导航到 DIR/msvc/gtest-md/Debug/ 此文件夹包含 gtestd.lib 和 gtest-main-mdd.lib 文件。我将 Debug 的全部内容粘贴到新文件夹 DIR/lib 中。
第 8 步:创建一个新的空白 sol 和一个新的空白项目。添加一个新的空白 .cpp。
Step 9: Goto Project->Properties->vc++ directories 添加 DIR/Include 在额外的包含库和 DIR/lib在额外的库依赖项下。
第 10 步:转到 Linker->Input 并在其他依赖项下添加 gtestd.lib。
第 11 步:转到 C/C++->Preprocessor 并在预处理器定义下添加 _VARIADIC_MAX=10
第十二步:在源码中添加
#include <gtest/gtest.h> //Or wherever your header file seems to be
int main() {
return 0;
}
这就是我所做的，我已经为这个库创建了一个 SSCCE。如果不是，那么您需要考虑是否错误地创建了 .lib 或者没有将 msvc 指向库的正确目录。
关于c++ - 不断产生链接器和库错误，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18467976/